Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 17 views

    LOAD-MODELLING Draft

    Uploaded by

    KHAIL JANN GLENN CINCO
    Load modeling refers to the mathematical representation of the relationship between power and voltage at a load bus. It estimates power consumption for infrastructure like commercial, agricultural, industrial or residential facilities. Accurate load models are important for power system analysis, planning and control. Load modeling seeks to develop simple models that approximate load behavior, but it is challenging due to the diversity of load components and lack of detailed load information. Load models can be static, expressing active and reactive power as functions of voltage and frequency, or dynamic, accounting for changes over time. Common static models include polynomial and exponential representations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    LOAD-MODELLING Draft

    Uploaded by

    KHAIL JANN GLENN CINCO
    17 views11 pages
    Load modeling refers to the mathematical representation of the relationship between power and voltage at a load bus. It estimates power consumption for infrastructure like commercial, agricultural, industrial or residential facilities. Accurate load models are important for power system analysis, planning and control. Load modeling seeks to develop simple models that approximate load behavior, but it is challenging due to the diversity of load components and lack of detailed load information. Load models can be static, expressing active and reactive power as functions of voltage and frequency, or dynamic, accounting for changes over time. Common static models include polynomial and exponential representations.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Load modeling refers to the mathematical representation of the relationship between power and voltage at a load bus. It estimates power consumption for infrastructure like commercial, agricultural, industrial or residential facilities. Accurate load models are important for power system analysis, planning and control. Load modeling seeks to develop simple models that approximate load behavior, but it is challenging due to the diversity of load components and lack of detailed load information. Load models can be static, expressing active and reactive power as functions of voltage and frequency, or dynamic, accounting for changes over time. Common static models include polynomial and exponential representations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views11 pages

    LOAD-MODELLING Draft

    Uploaded by

    KHAIL JANN GLENN CINCO
    Load modeling refers to the mathematical representation of the relationship between power and voltage at a load bus. It estimates power consumption for infrastructure like commercial, agricultural, industrial or residential facilities. Accurate load models are important for power system analysis, planning and control. Load modeling seeks to develop simple models that approximate load behavior, but it is challenging due to the diversity of load components and lack of detailed load information. Load models can be static, expressing active and reactive power as functions of voltage and frequency, or dynamic, accounting for changes over time. Common static models include polynomial and exponential representations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    Load

    modelling
    What is Load
    models?
    • Load modeling refers to the
    mathematical representation of
    the relationship between the
    power and voltage in a load bus.
    • Load modeling is a process of estimating a
    power consumption of a typical
    infrastructure, it can be of commercial,
    agricultural, industrial or residential
    infrastructure.
    LOAD modeling is essential to power system
    analysis, planning, and control. Studies have shown
    the importance of accurate load representations in
    voltage stability assessment. Although the need for
    accurate load models is recognized by power system
    researchers and engineers, more research is
    imperative to update existing load models and
    understand characteristics of modern loads with
    emerging smart grid technologies such as distributed
    generators , electric vehicles, and demand side
    management. The uncertainty and difficulty of load
    modeling comes from the large number of diverse
    load components, time-varying and weather-
    dependent compositions, and the lack of
    measurements and detailed load information. The
    goal of load modeling is to develop simple
    mathematical models to approximate load behaviors.
    Basic Load Modelling Concepts

    The aggregated load is usually represented at a transmission substation includes, in


    addition, the effects of step down transformers, subtransmission and distribution
    feeders, voltage regulators, and VAr compensation.
    Load models can
    be classified into
    two main
    categories: static
    and dynamic
    models.
    Static Load Models
    Static load models express the active and
    reactive powers at any instant of time as
    functions of the bus voltage magnitude and
    frequency at the same instant. These models
    are used both for essentially static load
    components, resistive and lighting load, and
    as an approximation for dynamic load
    components, and motor driven loads.
    Polynomial and exponential representations
    are the two forms that can be used to
    perform static load models.
    Subtopics of static
    load models are:
    Polynomial Representation

    Exponential Representation

    Induction motor
    Polynomial Representation
    The power relationship to voltage magnitude is represented as a polynomial
    equation in the form below.

    where Vo, Po and Qo are the initial values of voltage, power and reactive
    power, respectively (the initial system operating condition for study), when
    representing a bus load. If this model is used for representing a specific load
    device, Vo should be the rated voltage of the device and Po and Qo should
    be the power consumed at rated voltage.
    Polynomial Representation
    The model in this case is composed of sum of three terms; each term
    represents a model as constant impedance, Z, model, where the load power
    varies directly with the square of the voltage magnitude. It may be also
    called a constant admittance model, constant current, I, model, where the
    load power varies directly with the voltage magnitude. It has been accepted
    that, in the absence of data, composite load can be approximated using a
    constant current load model and constant power, P, model, where the load
    power does not vary with changes in the voltage magnitude. It may be also
    called a constant MVA model.
    Exponential Representation
    The power relationship to voltage magnitude is represented as an
    exponential equation in the form below:

    The parameters of this model are the exponents np and nq. By setting
    these exponents to 0, 1 or 2, the load can be represented by constant
    power, constant current or constant impedance models, respectively. Other
    exponents can be used to represent the aggregate effect of different types
    of load components where exponents greater than 2 or less than 0 may be
    appropriate for some types of loads.
    Induction motor
    The equivalent circuit of an induction machine in steady state can be in one
    of the two forms shown in Figure 4.11(a, b). The only difference between
    the two circuits is that the rotor power is represented by its two
    components, resistance loss and shaft power, in Figure 4.11(b). All
    quantities in the equivalent circuit are referred to the stator side. In motor
    operation the slip is positive and the directions of currents shown are
    positive.

    You might also like