Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 27 views

    CERAMICS

    Uploaded by

    Windie Marie M. Dicen
    Ceramics are non-metallic solids made from metal or non-metal compounds that are hardened through heating and cooling. Ceramics include materials like clay, glass, cement and refractory materials. Ceramic materials are ionically bonded, hard, brittle and resistant to corrosion. Common ceramics include silica, alumina and complex compounds used in a variety of applications from glass and abrasives to artificial bones. Ceramics are processed through techniques like slip casting, drying, firing and powder pressing and used in products like construction materials, insulators, and cutting tools.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CERAMICS

    Uploaded by

    Windie Marie M. Dicen
    27 views20 pages
    Ceramics are non-metallic solids made from metal or non-metal compounds that are hardened through heating and cooling. Ceramics include materials like clay, glass, cement and refractory materials. Ceramic materials are ionically bonded, hard, brittle and resistant to corrosion. Common ceramics include silica, alumina and complex compounds used in a variety of applications from glass and abrasives to artificial bones. Ceramics are processed through techniques like slip casting, drying, firing and powder pressing and used in products like construction materials, insulators, and cutting tools.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Ceramics are non-metallic solids made from metal or non-metal compounds that are hardened through heating and cooling. Ceramics include materials like clay, glass, cement and refractory materials. Ceramic materials are ionically bonded, hard, brittle and resistant to corrosion. Common ceramics include silica, alumina and complex compounds used in a variety of applications from glass and abrasives to artificial bones. Ceramics are processed through techniques like slip casting, drying, firing and powder pressing and used in products like construction materials, insulators, and cutting tools.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    27 views20 pages

    CERAMICS

    Uploaded by

    Windie Marie M. Dicen
    Ceramics are non-metallic solids made from metal or non-metal compounds that are hardened through heating and cooling. Ceramics include materials like clay, glass, cement and refractory materials. Ceramic materials are ionically bonded, hard, brittle and resistant to corrosion. Common ceramics include silica, alumina and complex compounds used in a variety of applications from glass and abrasives to artificial bones. Ceramics are processed through techniques like slip casting, drying, firing and powder pressing and used in products like construction materials, insulators, and cutting tools.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    CERAMICS

    OBJECTIVES

    ● To know what is ceramics


    ● To know its different kinds of products and its application
    ● To determine how the process works
    INTRODUCTION
    Ceramics is one of the areas of interest to a
    materials scientist and is the oldest branch of
    materials science. A ceramic is a non-metallic
    solid made up of either metal or non-
    metal compounds that have been heated and
    cooled. In general, they are hard, corrosion-
    resistant and brittle. ‘Ceramic’ comes from the
    Greek word meaning 'pottery’ – these clay-
    based domestic wares, art objects and building
    products are familiar to us all – but pottery is
    just one part of the ceramic world.
    CERAMICS
    An organic compound consisting of a metal
    (or semi-metal) and one or more non-metals.
    examples:
    • Silica - silicon dioxide (SiO2), main
    ingredient in most glass products
    • Alumina - aluminum oxide (Al2O3), used
    in various applications from abrasives to
    artificial bones
    • More complex compounds such as
    hydrous aluminum silicate, the main
    ingredient in most clay products
    • Bonding:
    - Mostly ionic, some covalent
    - ％ ionic character increases with
    CERAMIC
    difference in electronegativity.
    • Large vs small ionic bond character.
    BONDING
    CERAMIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURES

    Oxide structures -
    1. Anions are larger than cations.
    2. Close packed oxygen in a lattice
    ( usually FFC).
    3. Cations fit into interstitial sites
    among anions.
    ABX3 Crystal Structures

    • Perovskite (calcium
    titanium oxide) structure
    example: complex oxide
    barium Titanate (BaTiO3)
    SILICATE CERAMICS
    • Most common elements on earth are Si & O

    • SiO2 (silica) polymorphic forms are quartz, crystobalite, & tridymite


    • The strong Si- O bonds lead to a high melting temperature (1710 degrees
    celsius) for this material
    Glass Structure
    ● Glass is non crystalline
    (amorphous)
    ● Fused silica is SiO2 to which no
    impurities have been added
    ● Ohter common glasses contain
    impurity ions such as Na+, Ca2+,
    Al3+, and B3+
    PROPERTIES OF
    CERAMIC MATERIALS
    • Most ceramics are brittle
    • Characteristics fracture surface
    • Notch sensitivity causes range of fracture
    properties
    PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MATERIALS

    ●High hardness,electrical and thermal


    insulating, chemical stability, and high
    meltimg temperatures
    ●Brittle, virtually no ductility- can cause
    problems in both processing and performance
    of ceramic products
    Processing of Ceramics
    1. Slip Casting -
    ● A suspension of ceramic powders in water, called a slip, is poured into a
    porous plaster of paris mold, so that water from the mix is absorbed into the
    plaster to form a firm layer of clay at the mold surface.
    ● The slip composition is 25% to 40% water
    2. Drying and Frying -
    ● Drying: as water is removed - inter particle spacing decrease
    - shrinkage
    - drying too fast causes sample to warp or crack due to non-
    uniform shrinkage
    ● Firing:
    - heat treatment between 900-1400 degree celsius
    Hydroplastic forming-

    • Mill (grind) and


    screen constituents:
    desired particle size

    • Dry and fire the formed piece


    Powder pressing
    used for both clay and non clay
    compositions
    Ceramic Products
    ● Clay construction products
    ● Refractory ceramics ● Ceramic Insulators
    ● White ware products ● Magnetic ceramics

    ● Glass ● Nuclear fuels based on uranium


    oxide
    ● Glass fibers
    ● Bioceramics
    ● Abrasives

    ● Cutting tool materials


    Application of Ceramic Materials
    Clay - Shaped, dried, and fired inorganic material
    Examples: Brick, tile, sewer pipe, chimney, china
    porcelain,etc.

    Refractory- Designed to provide


    acceptable ,mechanical or chemical
    properties while at high temperatures
    Example: Space shuttle all silica
    insulating tiles
    Electrical
    Application of ● Resistors- Create desired voltage drops
    and limit current
    Ceramic ● Application of heat regulates current

    Materials
    flow
    ● Rectifiers- allow current to flow in one
    direction

    ● Heating Elements for furnaces


    • Alumina is used as insulators in spark plug and
    electronic packaging, rocket nozzles,etc.
    • Tungsten carbide and Titanium carbide along with
    metal binders like Ni, Co, Cr Mo are known as cermets
    which are used as cutting tool materials
    • Tungsten carbide is used as an abrasive material for
    grinding and polishing operations
    Thank You For Listening!

    You might also like