1) Casework practice with individuals and families began in the late 19th century with a focus on understanding how social and environmental factors contributed to clients' problems rather than viewing them as personal failings.
2) In the early 20th century, casework developed scientific problem-solving approaches and methods for thoroughly understanding clients' lives and situations.
3) The introduction of casework in the Philippines in the 1910s-1920s helped establish social work as a profession and the use of individualized, family-centered methods for assisting clients.
1) Casework practice with individuals and families began in the late 19th century with a focus on understanding how social and environmental factors contributed to clients' problems rather than viewing them as personal failings.
2) In the early 20th century, casework developed scientific problem-solving approaches and methods for thoroughly understanding clients' lives and situations.
3) The introduction of casework in the Philippines in the 1910s-1920s helped establish social work as a profession and the use of individualized, family-centered methods for assisting clients.
1) Casework practice with individuals and families began in the late 19th century with a focus on understanding how social and environmental factors contributed to clients' problems rather than viewing them as personal failings.
2) In the early 20th century, casework developed scientific problem-solving approaches and methods for thoroughly understanding clients' lives and situations.
3) The introduction of casework in the Philippines in the 1910s-1920s helped establish social work as a profession and the use of individualized, family-centered methods for assisting clients.
AND FAMILIES (CASEWORK) Highlights (US) 1877- The First Charity Organization Society was founded in Buffalo, NY (as a voluntary organization) -Later – findings showed that cause of distress was not character defect but on the social conditions the individual lived such as illness, numerous children, overcrowded housing, low wages, low education, lack of work skills, etc. -environment had a heavy influence on the individual -The need to include the family members in their services-marked the beginning of family- centered approach Mary Richmond and other practitioners began to formulate a more scientific problem-solving theory based on their observations and experiences. Richmond strongly recommended the thorough investigation into the life of the individual who was in need of help. ◦ Data gathering as basis for social diagnosis (knowledge and understanding of the clients problems – to determine the underlying causes/contributory factors to the social and personal difficulties of the client. ◦ Diagnosis include the interpretation of the specific conditions underlying a person’s behavior and reactions – assessment of the person – in – situation Earlyyears of casework practice – characterized by concern for the economic and sociological factors affecting client and his condition. 1920- Employed “friendly visitors” at, operated on the belief that poverty was the fault of the individual, as the result of his/her moral failure -Objective of friendly visiting was first focused on counseling individual to do his/her best, to work very hard so as to earn enough for himself and his family’s needs 1920’s-1930’s- the casework client was viewed as likely maladjusted person, studied from the Freudian psychoanalytical point of view, treatment aimed to assist client to adjust, to develop good relationships and gain insights to his new behaviour.
1930’s-1945- the depression in the US made
people see poverty not only as products of personal deficiency but also as greatly influenced by the person’s situation. This started the “psychosocial school of thought” which looks at the “person in situation” (individual integration to the environment) Casework Practice in the Philippines
1917- The very first professional method of
social work intervention practices in the Philippines, introduced by the Associated Charities of Manila – a family welfare agency that employed “home visitors.”
-Josefa Jara Martinez returned to PH with a
diploma in Social Work from the New York School of Social Work in 1921, she became the Executive Secretary of the Associated Charities (1917) introduced Casework as an individualized approach of helping families and individuals. 1920’s- Psychiatric social work was introduced in Welfareville, then the seat of government child-rearing institutions.
1930’s-1940’s- The Associated Charities employed
college graduate as home visitors provided with in service trainings, several Filipino women went to the US for formal social work education, were hired by private and public social welfare agencies; formed(1947) the PASW to nurture the development of the Social Work profession. -Dr. Jose Vergara, then superintendent of Associated Charities of Manila appreciated the value of psychiatric social work in the US, employed social workers to work with children and youth – functioned as caseworkers. -The association was absorbed by the Bureau of Public Welfare to carry out its public assistance program. 1950’s- Philippine School of Social Work, Philippine Womens University-1 year Master of Arts in Social Administration, which in 1951 was expanded to a 2-year MSW program, the UP CEU started MASW program. 1950-1960’s- Many social work schools started offering the BSSW program. Casework was the focus in both formal classroom courses and field instruction, SW practitionerd were predominantly “CASEWORKERS”. 1951 – Social Welfare Administration had expanded and social workers were assigned in every province and major city. It was oftentimes engaged in disaster and emergency relief which left little time for casework help. 1954 – Department of Health issued a circular requiring national, provincial, city, emergency hospitals to employ social workers. A Medical Social Service Unit was installed in the Bureau of Hospitals – this development promoted the practice of casework in the medical and psychiatric settings in public and private hospitals and clinics. 1965- RA 4373 (the “SOCIAL WORK LAW”) was passed, elevating social work to a profession requiring a BSSW and passing of a government Board Examination for the practice of Social Work.
1980’s- Like the American counterparts local
practitioners recognized that material assistance did not automatically solve individual’s problems – -this period gave rise to problems that bear on the emotional and psychological functioning of individuals as a result of modernization – addiction, marital conflict, broken homes, growing numbers of mentally ill patients, etc. Influences on casework practice Impact of World War I on the development of casework theory – work with war veterans or casualties and their families Events of World War II increased in personal problems-hence focused services to individuals with personality problems- gave rise to the demand of medical and psychiatric social workers