Nursing Care - Traditional

THE NURSING CARE
KALUPA VINCENT
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
At the end of the session, student nurses
should be able to demonstrate a broad
understating on the scope and philosophy of
the nursing care.
So, what is Nursing Care???
DEFINITION
Nursing Care is a systematic approach to
care using the fundamental and scientific
principles of critical thinking which is goal-
oriented and client-centered approaches to
treatment and care!!!
DEFINITION
Nursing Care is a systematic approach
which employs evidence-based practice and
ensures a holistic approach in management
of patient’s health needs!!!
Do you know that in 1958, Ida Jean
Orlando started the nursing process
that still guides nursing care
today???
What are the purposes of the
Nursing Care???
PURPOSES OF NURSING PROCESS
The basis of the Nursing Process is;
 To identify actual and potential health needs of
the patient.
 To formulate high impact interventions to
mitigate the health problems.
 Deliver a holistic approach in implementing
scientifically based interventions.
PURPOSES OF NURSING PROCESS
 To employ a scientific and evidence-based
health interventions in meeting patient’s need.
 To enhance collaboration between the patient
and health care providers.
 To ensure continuum of health care
 To provide a systematic approach for gathering
client data for baseline
What are the characteristics of
Nursing Process???
FEATURES OF NURSING PROCESS
The Nursing Process possess the following
features;
 It is holistic or client-centered
 It is cyclic and dynamic
 It has a universal applicability
FEATURES OF NURSING PROCESS
 It employs critical thinking
 It is interpersonal and collaborative in nature
 It is encored on problem solving and decision
making
 Decision making is at every step of the process
So, what are the benefits of
Nursing Care???
WHY NURSING CARE

Application of Nursing Process enhances;

Quality of care

Continuum (continuity) of care

Collaboration

Consistent systematic nursing education

Professional growth
WHY NURSING CARE

Avoidance of legal implication

Avoidance of errors and professional practice

Meeting of professional nursing standards

Meeting of global nursing standards

Strengthens Nurse-Patient relationship
NURSING CARE
QUESTION
Discuss the nursing care you will give to Mr. Mwandila during the period of hospitalisation until discharge. [50 marks]
Nursing Care can be summarised in
the acronym; AEPROPHENEMA
WHAT IS AEPROPHENEMA
A-Aims H-Hygiene
E-Environment E-Elimination
P-Psychological care N-Nutrition
R-Rest E-Exercise
O-Observation M-Medication
P-Position A-Advise
AIMS
The aims of care describes the priorities of the
nursing interventions and the reasons for care
Some of the aims can be;
1. To promote healing
2. Prevent complications, like perforations
3. To give psychological care (allay anxiety)
4. To promote and maintain adequate nutrition
ENVIRNMENT
The environment describes the clients unit
It tries to answer, basically two (2) questions;
1. Where
2. Why
It also describes the equipment to be included in
the client’s unit for patient survival
It also describes the cleanliness of the unit
PSCYCHOLOGICAL CARE
Usually, patients are so worried when they
visit/admitted on the worried due to fear of
death, new environment and fear of losing
abandonment of families
Psychological care describes measures to be
taken to alley anxiety
REST
Rest is one of the activities of daily living
Rest is vital for enhancing healing
Therefore, this component describes the
measures to be employed to promote rest in
the patient, like restricting visitors and doing
medical/surgical procedures in blocks
OBSERVATIONS
Once the patient is admitted, observation is
vital to monitor patient’s recovery
Some of the parameters to observe are;
 Breathing patterns
 Eating habits
 Sleeping patterns
 activities
POSITION
If the patient assumes a comfortable position,
pain can be reduced and breathing can be
improved
This describes the techniques to be used in
ensuring that the patient assumes their own
comfortable position to relieve pain, aid in
breathing and promote recovery
HYGIENE
Hygiene is vital for prevention of further
infections and to promote healing
Some of the measures can be; doing bed/tab
bath to the patient, cleaning the teeth, nail
care, hair care, cleaning the unit and changing
patient’s unit
ELIMINATION
Elimination is one of the activities of daily living
Adequate elimination can lead to healing
The patient needs to be monitored for elimination
patterns, colour, smell, quantity, consistency of
stool and frequency of voiding (passing stool)
NUTRITION
Adequate nutrition is essential for tissue
regeneration and promotion of healing
Feeding patterns needs to be investigated
Proteins needs to be provided to promote
tissue repair, carbohydrates for energy
Feeds need to be saved at appropriate times
and should be nutritious
EXERCISE
Exercise is an activity of daily living which
can promote healing
Exercise also improves blood circulation and
promotes muscle physiology
Breathing exercises, ambulation and
participation in routine activities, like bathing
and making the bed
MEDICATION
Medication is important for healing
This component emphasises the importance of
treatment, using 5Rs
ADVISE/HEALTH EDUCATION
Educating the patient about their health
problem enables them to be empowered and
have control of their health
Some of the advise can be; treatment
compliance, hygiene, nutrition, avoidance of
risk factors and review
How Nursing Care is written
WRITING NURSING CARE
When writing the nursing care, we personalise
by using the word; “I”
For example: I will provide nutritious meals
to Mr. Musonda…
WRITING NURSING CARE
When writing the nursing care, every
intervention is accompanied by a Rationale
(reason)
For example: I will provide nutritious meals
to Mr. Musonda to promote healing
QUESTION
Discuss the specific nursing care you will give to Mr. Mwandila during the period of hospitalisation until discharge. [50 marks]
What do we mean when we say; Specific Nursing Care???
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION!!!
ANY QUESTIONS!!!

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THE NURSING CARE

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