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    Evidences of Evolution: Lesson 6

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    Ashley Quin Gustilo
    This document outlines various evidences that support the theory of evolution from different areas of biology. It discusses (1) evidence from fossils that provides a clear record of major evolutionary transitions over time, (2) evidence from homologous and vestigial structures that can be compared across species to infer common ancestry, (3) evidence from embryology where common structures are shared in early embryo stages, (4) evidence from molecular biology showing similarities in molecules like DNA and proteins that suggest descent from a common ancestor, and (5) evidence from biogeography where the geographical distribution of organisms reflects evolutionary relationships.

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    Evidences of Evolution: Lesson 6

    Uploaded by

    Ashley Quin Gustilo
    28 views15 pages
    This document outlines various evidences that support the theory of evolution from different areas of biology. It discusses (1) evidence from fossils that provides a clear record of major evolutionary transitions over time, (2) evidence from homologous and vestigial structures that can be compared across species to infer common ancestry, (3) evidence from embryology where common structures are shared in early embryo stages, (4) evidence from molecular biology showing similarities in molecules like DNA and proteins that suggest descent from a common ancestor, and (5) evidence from biogeography where the geographical distribution of organisms reflects evolutionary relationships.

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    This document outlines various evidences that support the theory of evolution from different areas of biology. It discusses (1) evidence from fossils that provides a clear record of major evolutionary transitions over time, (2) evidence from homologous and vestigial structures that can be compared across species to infer common ancestry, (3) evidence from embryology where common structures are shared in early embryo stages, (4) evidence from molecular biology showing similarities in molecules like DNA and proteins that suggest descent from a common ancestor, and (5) evidence from biogeography where the geographical distribution of organisms reflects evolutionary relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    28 views15 pages

    Evidences of Evolution: Lesson 6

    Uploaded by

    Ashley Quin Gustilo
    This document outlines various evidences that support the theory of evolution from different areas of biology. It discusses (1) evidence from fossils that provides a clear record of major evolutionary transitions over time, (2) evidence from homologous and vestigial structures that can be compared across species to infer common ancestry, (3) evidence from embryology where common structures are shared in early embryo stages, (4) evidence from molecular biology showing similarities in molecules like DNA and proteins that suggest descent from a common ancestor, and (5) evidence from biogeography where the geographical distribution of organisms reflects evolutionary relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Evidences of Evolution

    Lesson 6
    OBJECTIVES
    • In this lesson, the student is
    expected to:
    a. describe the evidences to support
    evolution; and
    b. explain some modern evidences of
    evolution.
    2
    At its core, the case for evolution is built upon two pillars:

    • first, evidence that natural selection can produce


    evolutionary change and,
    • second, evidence from the fossil records that evolution has
    occurred.
    • In addition, information from many different areas of biology
    —including fields as different as embryology, anatomy,
    molecular biology, and biogeography (the study of the
    geographic distribution of species)—can only be interpreted
    sensibly as the outcome of evolution.
    3
    Evidences of Evolution

    ADD A FOOTER 4
    A. Evidence from Fossils

    Fossils are the preserved remains of once living organisms.


    Fossils are created when three events occur.
    I. the organism must become buried in sediment;
    II. the calcium in bone or other hard tissue must mineralize;
    and
    III. the surrounding sediment must eventually harden to form
    rock. The process of fossilization occurs rarely.

    5
    Dating Fossils – an accurate idea about the age of the fossil
    can be determined by dating the rocks in which fossils
    occur.
    o Relative dating - rocks were dated by their position
    with respect to one another.
    o Absolute dating - rocks are dated by measuring the
    degree of decay of certain radioisotopes contained in the
    rock. The older the rock, the more its isotopes have
    decayed.

    6
    • The fossil
    record
    provides a
    clear record
    of the major
    evolutionary
    transitions
    that have
    occurred
    through time.
    ADD A FOOTER 7
    B. Evidence from Structures
    Structures in different organisms can be compared to infer
    common lineage.
    i. Homologous structures - are structures with the same set of bones
    that presumably evolved from a common ancestor. They appear
    different and may have varied functions.
    ii. Analogous structures - are structures that perform the same function
    but have very different embryological development or set of structures
    like bones.
    iii. Vestigial structures -are structures or attributes that have lost most of
    its ancestral function in more recent species.
    8
    HOMOLOGOUS 9
    ANALOGOUS
    VESTIGAL
    STRUCTURES

    ADD A FOOTER 10
    C. Evidence From Embryology
    Embryology is the study of
    the development of an
    organism from an embryo
    to its adult form. Common
    structures are shared in the
    embryo stage and disappear
    by the time the embryo
    reaches the juvenile or adult
    form.
    11
    D. Evidence From Molecular Biology

    • Many organisms have similar molecules of life (RNA,


    DNA, proteins) that suggest descent from a common
    ancestor with modifications.
    • The near universality of the genetic code reflects an
    evidence of common ancestry and relatedness and can
    be inferred from the similarities in the DNA
    sequences between and among organisms.

    ADD A FOOTER 12
    ADD A FOOTER 13
    E. Evidence from Biogeography
    • Biogeography is the study of
    geographical distribution of fossils
    and living organisms.
    • Organisms usually arise in areas
    where similar forms already exist.
    • Similar organisms may also be found
    in different locations which could
    mean that the two places were
    previously connected.
    14
    QUIZ ON TUESDAY
    THANK YOU

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