Hvac System and Fire Sprinkerler Systems

HVAC SYSTEM AND FIRE
SPRINKERLER SYSTEMS
NAME:TATHEER ZAHRA
CMS:54305
PRSESNTATION: 2
SUBMITTED TO: MAAM ASMA
HVAC SYSTEM
• HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.

• HVAC is a type of automation system used for handling air quality and thermal
comfort.
• HVAC is based on thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.
• HVAC is considered a type of automation system.
• HVAC is crucial for high-rise buildings, commercial complexes, industrial
units, hospitals, parking units, hotels, etc.
• HVAC ensures proper air quality and thermal parameters for human comfort.
• Modern HVAC systems often incorporate Programmable Logic Controllers
(PLCs) for improved control and accuracy
WHAT DOES HVAC SYSTEM DO
HVAC stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.

HVAC serves various purposes, including cooling, heating, and ventilation.
HVAC maintains the desired temperature, humidity, air pressure, and air quality in a
room or area.
HVAC provides warmth during winter and cooling during summer.
HVAC helps reduce humidity levels during the monsoon season.
HVAC ensures clean indoor and outdoor air throughout the year
HEATING PROCESS
• . The heating process in HVAC is used to warm a specific area or room.

• Components such as a furnace, boiler, and heat pump are used in the heating
process of HVAC.
• HVAC employs three basic methods of heating: conduction, convection, and
radiation.
• Heating is necessary in cold climates or areas where heat is crucial for survival
or various processes.
• HVAC ensures the maintenance of a desired temperature for comfort and
functionality.
•
VENTALATION PROCESS
• The ventilation process in HVAC maintains clean and steady airflow, both
indoors and outdoors.
• Ventilation involves exchanging indoor air with fresh outdoor air to ensure a
constant supply of fresh air.
• Ventilation is widely used in various applications, including car parking areas.
• In car parking areas, large vent fans are used to remove carbon dioxide
emitted from vehicles when it exceeds a certain limit.
• Ventilation in car parking areas helps keep the air fresh and the environment
free from pollution.
AIR CONDITIONING PROCESS
• The air conditioning process in HVAC is used to cool a specific area or room.
• Components such as air conditioners, chillers, and cooling towers are used in the air
conditioning process of HVAC.
• Air conditioning is necessary in hot and humid climates or areas where cooling and
humidity control are crucial for comfort, survival, or various processes.
• HVAC ensures the maintenance of a desired temperature and humidity level for
optimal conditions.
THE 3 BASIC TYPES OF HVAC
SYSTEMS?
• Split.
• hybrid heat split.
• ductless mini-split heating .
HVAC SYSTEM COMPONENT
• HVAC water chillers • Valves for chilled water and

• HVAC heaters cooling water sides
• Air handling units (AHUs),
• Hot water generator or furnace
• Chilled water pumps • Heating coils and cooling
Coils
• Cooling water pumps
• Ducts in the ventilation system
• Electrical power supply control
• Fan Coil Unit and thermostats
or Motor control center (MCC)
• HVAC Diffusers and grills
• Cooling towers
• Piping for chilled water and • HVAC controls
cooling water or condenser (instrumentation)
side water • HVAC software
ARE FIVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF HVAC
MODELS FOR HEATING AND COOLING HOMES
TO CHOOSE FROM.
• Furnace & Air Conditioner.

• Heat Pump.
• Furnace & Heat Pump.
• Ductless Mini-Split.
• Geothermal Heat Pump
FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM (PIPES)
• Fire sprinkler system pipes are an integral part of fire protection systems designed to suppress or extinguish fires in buildings.
• They are typically made of steel or a corrosion-resistant material, such as copper or CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride).
• The pipes are installed throughout the building, strategically placed to cover the entire area and provide adequate fire protection.
• The system consists of a network of pipes connected to a reliable water source, such as a dedicated water tank or the municipal water supply.
• The pipes are sized based on the hydraulic calculations and design requirements, considering factors such as water flow rate and pressure.
• The main supply pipe, also known as a riser, connects the system to the water source and distributes the water to the various branch lines.
• Branch lines are smaller pipes that branch off from the main supply pipe and deliver water to individual sprinkler heads or zones.
• Sprinkler heads are attached to the branch lines and are designed to automatically activate when exposed to high temperatures, releasing water to suppress the fire.
• The pipes are typically installed overhead, along ceilings or walls, but can also be installed underground or concealed within building structures.
• Pipe fittings, such as elbows, tees, and couplings, are used to connect and direct the flow of water within the system.
• Pipe hangers and supports are installed to secure the pipes in place and prevent sagging or movement.
• The pipes may be filled with water at all times (wet pipe system) or filled with pressurized air or nitrogen (dry pipe system) with water ready to be released when
a sprinkler head is activated.
• Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to ensure the integrity of the pipes and the overall system, including checking for leaks, corrosion, and proper
water flow.
• Fire sprinkler system pipes are designed to withstand high pressures and deliver water effectively to the sprinkler heads, minimizing the spread of fire and
protecting lives and property.
INSTALLATION OF HVAC SYSTEMS:
• Load Calculation: Proper load calculation to determine the heating and cooling requirements
of the space, ensuring an appropriately sized HVAC system.
• Ductwork Design: Well-designed ductwork layout to deliver conditioned air efficiently,
minimizing energy loss and optimizing airflow distribution.
• Energy-Efficient Equipment: Installation of energy-efficient heating and cooling equipment,
such as high-efficiency furnaces, heat pumps, and air conditioners, to reduce energy
consumption and operating costs.
• Proper Ventilation: Incorporation of proper ventilation systems to introduce fresh air and
remove stale air, ensuring a healthy indoor environment.
• Controls and Automation: Integration of advanced control systems to monitor and manage
HVAC operations, allowing for improved efficiency and user comfort.
• Professional Installation: Engaging qualified HVAC professionals to ensure correct
installation, compliance with codes and regulations, and optimal system performance.
HEATING:
• Furnaces: Gas, electric, or oil-fired furnaces provide warm air for heating
during colder months.
• Heat Pumps: Electric devices that can provide both heating and cooling by
transferring heat between the indoor and outdoor environment.
• Radiant Heating: Utilizes hydronic systems or electric panels embedded in
floors, walls, or ceilings to radiate heat into the space.
COOLING:
• Air Conditioners: Use refrigeration cycles to remove heat from indoor air and
circulate cooled air throughout the space.
• Heat Pumps: Reversing the refrigeration cycle, heat pumps can extract heat
from indoors and expel it outside, providing cooling.
• Evaporative Cooling: Uses the natural process of evaporation to cool the air,
often used in dry climates for energy-efficient cooling.

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HVAC SYSTEM AND FIRE

• HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.

HVAC stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning.

• . The heating process in HVAC is used to warm a specific area or room.

• HVAC water chillers • Valves for chilled water and

• Furnace & Air Conditioner.

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