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    1 Routing

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    rohullah bakhtary
    This document discusses routing basics, including how routers route packets between different networks by using the logical network address of the destination host. It explains that routers build routing tables to map out the internetwork and determine the best path to remote networks. The document contrasts static routing, where routes are manually configured, with dynamic routing protocols, where routers automatically share routing information to adapt to network changes.

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    1 Routing

    Uploaded by

    rohullah bakhtary
    17 views26 pages
    This document discusses routing basics, including how routers route packets between different networks by using the logical network address of the destination host. It explains that routers build routing tables to map out the internetwork and determine the best path to remote networks. The document contrasts static routing, where routes are manually configured, with dynamic routing protocols, where routers automatically share routing information to adapt to network changes.

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    This document discusses routing basics, including how routers route packets between different networks by using the logical network address of the destination host. It explains that routers build routing tables to map out the internetwork and determine the best path to remote networks. The document contrasts static routing, where routes are manually configured, with dynamic routing protocols, where routers automatically share routing information to adapt to network changes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views26 pages

    1 Routing

    Uploaded by

    rohullah bakhtary
    This document discusses routing basics, including how routers route packets between different networks by using the logical network address of the destination host. It explains that routers build routing tables to map out the internetwork and determine the best path to remote networks. The document contrasts static routing, where routes are manually configured, with dynamic routing protocols, where routers automatically share routing information to adapt to network changes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 26

    Routing

    Routing Basics
    • The term routing refers to taking a packet from one device and
    sending it through the network to another device on a different
    network.
    • Routers don’t really care about hosts they only care about networks
    and the best path to each one of them.
    • The logical network address of the destination host is key to get
    packets through a routed network.
    • It’s the hardware address of the host that’s used to deliver the packet
    from a router and ensure it arrives at the correct destination host.
    Continue
    • Routing is irrelevant if your network has no routers because their job
    is to route traffic to all the networks in your internetwork,
    • Important list of the minimum factors a router must know to be able
    to affectively route packets:
    • Destination address
    • Neighbor routers from which it can learn about remote networks
    • Possible routes to all remote networks
    • The best route to each remote network
    • How to maintain and verify routing information
    Continue
    • The router learns about remote networks from neighboring routers.
    • The router then builds a routing table, which is basically a map of the
    internetwork, and it describes how to find remote networks.
    • If a network is directly connected, then the router already knows
    how to get to it.
    Default Routing
    • This default route is used by IP to forward any packet with a
    destination not found in the routing table.
    • When no specific route can be determined.
    Default Routing
    • First up the interfaces.
    • Router-A(config)#route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.2
    • Router-B(config)#route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1
    • The static routing method requires someone to hand-type all network
    locations into the routing table.
    1. Used on all but the smallest of networks.
    2. Dynamic routing is used, a protocol on one router communicates
    with the same protocol running on neighboring routers.
    • The routers then update each other about all the networks they know
    about and place this information into the routing table.
    • If a change occurs in the network, the dynamic routing protocols
    automatically inform all routers about the event.
    • If static routing is used, the administrator is responsible for updating
    all changes by hand onto all routers.
    Static Routing
    • Static routing is the most secure way of routing. It reduces overhead
    from network resources. In this type of routing we manually add
    routes in routing table. It is useful where numbers of route are limited.
    Like other routing methods static routing also has its pros and cons.
    • Advantage of static routing
    • It is easy to implement.
    • It is most secure way of routing, since no information is shared with
    other routers.
    • It puts no overhead on resources such as CPU or memory.
    Disadvantage of static routing
    • It is suitable only for small network.
    • If a link fails it cannot reroute the traffic.
    • To explain static routing, I will use packet tracer network simulator
    software. You can use any network simulator software or can use a
    real Cisco devices to follow this guide. There is no difference in output
    as long as your selected software contains the commands explained in
    this tutorial.
    Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
    Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
    Router(config-if)#no shutdown
    Router(config-if)#exit
    Router(config)#
    Serial interface needs two additional parameters clock rate and bandwidth. Every
    serial cable has two ends DTE and DCE. These parameters are always configured at
    DCE end.
    • We can use show controllers interface command from privilege mode
    to check the cable’s end.

    Router#show controllers serial 0/0/0


    Interface Serial0/0/0
    Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860
    DCE V.35, clock rate 2000000
    [Output omitted]
    Fourth line of output confirms that DCE end of serial cable is attached. If you see DTE here instead of DCE
    skip these parameters.
    • Now we have necessary information let’s assign IP address to serial
    interface.

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