Community-Based Disaster

Risk Reduction and

Management
DRRR
OBJECTIVES:
1.Discuss community-based disaster risk
management and its importance;
2. Identify the best practices for disaster
management in the school or in the community;
3. Be familiar with the importance of having an
early warning system in school and community
 Community Based Disaster
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Risk
Management (CBDRM) is a procedure,
which directs to a locally appropriate and
locally "owned" strategy for disaster
preparedness and risk reduction. It covers a
community-based approach projects,
activities and program planning for relief,
recovery and resettlement.
 Activity 1:
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Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction
Management Office (PDRRMO),
Municipal and City Disaster Risk
Reduction Management Office
Barangay Quick Response
Team (BQRT)
What is Community-based Disaster Risk
Management (CBDRM)?
It pertains to the idea of processing the
active engagement in identifying, analyzing,
treating, monitoring and evaluating
disaster risk to ease vulnerabilities and
enhancing the capacities of at-risk
communities.
What is Community-based Disaster Risk
Management (CBDRM)?
It pertains to the idea of processing the
active engagement in identifying, analyzing,
treating, monitoring and evaluating
disaster risk to ease vulnerabilities and
enhancing the capacities of at-risk
communities.
Importance
The community is included in both
planning and implementation of CBDRM.
Community can be defined geographically:
such as a cluster of households, a small
village, or a neighborhood in a town.
➢ Community can be defined by shared experience,
Importance
such as particular interest groups, ethnic groups,
professional groups, language groups, particular
hazard-exposed groups, etc.
➢ Community can be defined by sector, such as
the farmers, fisherfolk, business sector, etc.
➢ Community can be used to refer to groupings
that are both affected by and can assist in the
mitigation of hazards and reduction of
vulnerabilities.
 Importance
Recognition of the Need for Community
Involvement. Community involvement is essential in
the development process because of the following
practical considerations:
➢ Nobody can understand local opportunities and constraints
better than the local communities themselves.
➢ Nobody is more interested in understanding local affairs
than the community whose survival and well-being is at stake.
 Importance
The aim of CBDRM is to reduce vulnerabilities
and to strengthen peoples’ capacity to cope
with the disaster risks they face. The direct
involvement of the community in
undertaking local level risk reduction
measures is a must.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features
Centrality of the Role of Community in
Disaster Risk Management. The center of
consideration in disaster risk management is the
local community.
The CBDRM approach recognizes that the local
individuals/people are equipped and competent of
initiating and sustaining their own development.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features
Aim of Disaster Risk Reduction
The main purpose of disaster risk reduction is to
enhance and enrich the capacities and
resources of most vulnerable groups and to
lessen their vulnerability to avoid the
occurrence of disasters in the future.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features
Recognition of the Link between Disaster
Risk Management and the Development
Process
CBDRM should lead to general improvement in
people’s quality of life and the natural
environment.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features

Community is the Key Resource in

Disaster Risk Management
The community is the key actor as well
as the primary beneficiary of the
disaster risk management process.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features

Application of Multi-Sectoral and

Multi-Disciplinary Approaches
CBDRM brings together the many local
communities and even national stakeholders for
disaster risk management to expand its resource
base.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features

CBDRM as an Evolving and Dynamic

Framework
The sharing of experiences, methodologies
and tools by communities and CBDRM
practitioners continues to enrich practice.
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features

CBDRM recognizes that Different

People have Different Perceptions
of Risk
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features

Various Community Members and

Groups in the Community have
Different Vulnerabilities and
Capacities
Best Practices and Experiences in the
Implementation of CBDRM and Its Essential Features

Various Community Members and

Groups in the Community have
Different Vulnerabilities and
Capacities
Characteristics of Community-based
Disaster Risk Management
➢ It looks at disaster as a question of vulnerability
➢ It recognizes people’s existing capacities and aims to strengthen them
➢ It contributes to addressing the roots of people’s vulnerabilities
➢ It considers people’s participation as essential factor to disaster risk reduction
➢ It puts premium on the organizational capacities of vulnerable sectors
➢ It mobilizes the less vulnerable sectors into partnerships with vulnerable
sectors in DRR and development projects
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
High-Intensity Low-Frequency Disasters
➢ Highly destructive intensive disasters are
responsible for the vast majority of global
mortality and direct economic loss but only
occur relatively infrequently in any one place.
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
High-frequency Low-intensity Disasters
➢ These are slowly evolving localized
disasters, which tend to manifest themselves
frequently and their effects are felt
cumulatively.
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
Disaster Management
➢ is a collective term encompassing all
aspects of planning for, preparing and
responding to disasters.
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
Hazard
➢ A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life,
injury or other health impacts, property damage,
loss of livelihoods and services, social and
economic disruption, or environmental damage
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
Vulnerability
Types:
➢ Physical Vulnerability.
➢ Social Vulnerability
➢ Economic Vulnerability.
➢ Environmental Vulnerability.
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
Exposure
➢ By exposure we mean, proximity or closeness
of the people, property, systems, or other
elements to the hazard zones that are thereby
subject to potential losses in case of any
disasters.
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
Capacity is the combination of all the
strengths, attributes and resources available
within a community, society or organization
that can be used to achieve agreed goals or
to resist and fight the negative impacts of
disastrous situation.
Basic Terms and Concepts used in
Disaster Management Disaster
Disaster Risk
➢ The potential losses in lives, health status,
livelihoods, assets and services, could occur to a
particular community or society over some
specified future period (UNISDR).
Components of Disaster Risk
Components of Disaster Risk
Risk Treatment is a risk modification process. It includes selecting
and implementing one or more treatment alternatives.
Disaster Risk Management (DRM) emphasize its objectives in order
to avoid, reduce or transfer the adverse impacts of disaster
hazards on people, property and the environment through its
activities and proactive measures.
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is the preparation and
application of policies, strategies and practices to minimize
vulnerabilities and hence disaster risk throughout society.
Components of Disaster Risk
Mitigation. All actions taken to minimize the extent of a
disaster or potential disaster are called mitigation measures.
Preparedness. Disaster preparedness involves specific
measures taken before disasters strike. These methods
include disaster forecasting, early warnings etc.
Prevention. Prevention activities are the steps to avoid
the adverse impact of hazards.
Components of Disaster Risk
Response. It consists of actions taken immediately
following the impact of a disaster when exceptional
measures are required to meet the basic needs of the
survivors.
Rescue. The activities include saving and protecting
human life, relieving suffering and containing the
emergency in an effective manner.
Components of Disaster Risk
Relief. It relates on keeping up or reestablishing basic
activities, giving basic services at an appropriate level and
advancing and encouraging self-help in affected
communities.
Recovery. It basically implies restoration and advancement of
the living conditions of disaster-affected communities,
including practices and approaches in reducing disaster risk
related factors and components.
Components of Disaster Risk
Rehabilitation. It is the restoration of an entity to its
normal or near-normal functional conditions after the
occurrence of a disaster. It includes Re-establishing essential
services and Reviving key economic and social activities.
Reconstruction. It is permanent measures to repair or replace
damaged dwellings and infrastructure and to set the
economy back on course, is categorized as Reconstruction.
Why is Early Warning System Important?
Early warning systems are
frameworks that provide
assistance to reduce or avoid losses
of properties and lives and mitigate
the number of casualties, by giving
data that permits people and
communities to safeguard their
lives and property.
Why is Early Warning System Important?
Early warning information
helps people to take action
prior to a disaster. Early
warning is provided to people
living in disaster prone areas
through different means.
Group Activity : Interview a barangay official or a Barangay Quick
Response Team member. Ask the following questions below. Record
your actual interview using your cellphone or a tape recorder.
 1. Does the community experience any disaster?
 2. How does the barangay respond to a disaster?
 3. How does the barangay prepare for the disaster?
 4. Is there an early warning device installed in the barangay? What are those
early warning systems or devices?
 5. Do the barangay practice safety drills or procedures on a specific disaster risk?
(e.g. fire drill, earthquake drill, lockdown drill, etc…)
 6. How do you assess the people’s involvement in participating drills? Are they
passive? Or active?
Quiz
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Quiz
6. Which of the statement pertains is NOT considered as
role and function of Community-based Disaster Risk
Management?
a. minimize human suffering
b. broaden the idea of the community to disaster
c. minimize loss and damage to life, property, and the
environment
d. reduce vulnerabilities and increase capacities of
vulnerable groups and communities to cope with
Quiz
7. This is the restoration of an entity to its normal or
near-normal functional conditions after the
occurrence of a disaster. It includes Re-
establishing essential services and Reviving key
economic and social activities?
a. Reconstruction
b. Relief
c. Rescue
d. Risk Treatment
Quiz
8. The probability that negative consequences may
arise when hazards interact with vulnerable
areas, people, property and environment is
called _______________.
a. Reconstruction
b. Relief
c. Risk
d. Risk Treatment
Quiz
9. It refers to the proximity or closeness of the
people, property, systems, or other elements to the
hazard zones that are thereby subject to potential
losses in case of any disasters. What is this?

a. Closure b. Exposure
c. Pleasure d. Pressure
Quiz
10. These are various activities, projects and
programs that the communities may identify after
assessing and analyzing the risks that they face.
a. Risk Reduction Leisure
b. Risk Reduction Measures
c. Risk Production Measures
d. Risk Production Pleasures
Quiz
11. The following are types of
vulnerability EXCEPT?
a. Social Vulnerability
b. Physical Vulnerability
c. Economic Vulnerability
d. Psycho-social Vulnerability
Quiz
12. What is the key to reducing vulnerabilities
and constructing disaster resilient societies
because coping capacity is the ability of people,
organizations and systems, using available
skills and resources, to face and manage
adverse conditions, emergencies or disasters?
a. Authenticity b. Capacity
Quiz
13. It involves selecting and implementing one
or more treatment options. Once a treatment has
been implemented, it becomes a control or it
modifies existing controls.
a. Disaster Treatment b. Hazard Treatment c.
Risk Treatment d. Tricks Treatment
Quiz
14. This is the dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or
other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods
and services, social and economic disruption, or
environmental damage
a. Biohazard
b. Disaster
c. Hazard
d. Risk
Quiz
15. This is a collective term encompassing all aspects of
planning for, preparing and responding to disasters and
refers to the management of the consequences of
disasters and includes all the pre and post disaster
interventions.
a. Disaster Management
b. Disaster Procurement
c. Risk Management
d. Risk Procurement
ANSWER
Quiz
Quiz
Quiz
Quiz
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Quiz
6. Which of the statement pertains is NOT considered as
role and function of Community-based Disaster Risk
Management?
a. Maximize human suffering
b. broaden the idea of the community to disaster
c. minimize loss and damage to life, property, and the
environment
d. reduce vulnerabilities and increase capacities of
vulnerable groups and communities to cope with
Quiz
7. This is the restoration of an entity to its normal or
near-normal functional conditions after the
occurrence of a disaster. It includes Re-
establishing essential services and Reviving key
economic and social activities?
a. Reconstruction
b. Relief
c. Rescue
d. Risk Treatment
Quiz
8. The probability that negative consequences may
arise when hazards interact with vulnerable
areas, people, property and environment is
called _______________.
a. Reconstruction
b. Relief
c. Risk
d. Risk Treatment
Quiz
9. It refers to the proximity or closeness of the
people, property, systems, or other elements to the
hazard zones that are thereby subject to potential
losses in case of any disasters. What is this?

a. Closure b. Exposure
c. Pleasure d. Pressure
Quiz
10. These are various activities, projects and
programs that the communities may identify after
assessing and analyzing the risks that they face.
a. Risk Reduction Leisure
b. Risk Reduction Measures
c. Risk Production Measures
d. Risk Production Pleasures
Quiz
11. The following are types of
vulnerability EXCEPT?
a. Social Vulnerability
b. Physical Vulnerability
c. Economic Vulnerability
d. Psycho-social Vulnerability
Quiz
12. What is the key to reducing vulnerabilities
and constructing disaster resilient societies
because coping capacity is the ability of people,
organizations and systems, using available
skills and resources, to face and manage
adverse conditions, emergencies or disasters?
a. Authenticity b. Capacity
Quiz
13. It involves selecting and implementing one
or more treatment options. Once a treatment has
been implemented, it becomes a control or it
modifies existing controls.
a. Disaster Treatment b. Hazard Treatment c.
Risk Treatment d. Tricks Treatment
Quiz
14. This is the dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or
other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods
and services, social and economic disruption, or
environmental damage
a. Biohazard
b. Disaster
c. Hazard
d. Risk
Quiz
15. This is a collective term encompassing all aspects of
planning for, preparing and responding to disasters and
refers to the management of the consequences of
disasters and includes all the pre and post disaster
interventions.
a. Disaster Management
b. Disaster Procurement
c. Risk Management
d. Risk Procurement
Community Preparedness
Plan
DRRR
OBJECTIVES
After this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Explain how to make a community preparedness
plan;
2. Create a family/community preparedness plan; and
3. Recognize the importance of community
preparedness plan.
What is a Community Preparedness
Plan?
Community preparedness is the ability of a
community to prepare for, withstand, and
recover from public health incidents in both
the short and long term; coordinate training
and provide guidance to support community
involvement with preparedness efforts.
Activity 1: Guess What?
 Activity 1: Guess What?
the first picture is a group of
people doing an emergency
preparedness plan while the second
picture is a family also doing
emergency plan
What is a family
emergency plan?
What is a family emergency plan?
One of the most important tools every individual
and family can have to protect
themselves in possible emergencies is a family
emergency preparedness plan, complete with a
list of contacts during an emergency.
Why is a disaster
plan important?
 to lessen the impact of disasters on
vulnerable populations,
 to ready an organization for an influx of
activity,
 and to design a coordinated plan that
reduces the waste of resources, time,
and efforts.
 Through a community preparedness
plan, people in the community is
informed and trained on how to prepare
for a disaster and emergencies to avoid
panic and to lessen the impact of such
disaster
Examples of emergency/disaster preparedness
Examples of emergency/disaster preparedness
Emergency plan checklist:
1.Include the updated contact numbers of
you family member, hotline of the
barangay, municipality or city, PNP and
Bureau of Fire Protection, hospitals and
other hotline numbers that can help you
during emergency cases.
Emergency plan checklist:
2. Prepare your family emergency
kit at home like the “GO BAG”
and “First Aid kit”. Put the
important documents of the family
inside waterproof containers.
Emergency plan checklist:
3. Make a clear family
evacuation plan indicating the
exact place where the family
will meet if cellphone signals
are not available.
Emergency plan checklist:
4. Conduct and join emergency
drills like the quarterly national
simultaneous earthquake drills
and others.
The National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan 2011-2028 (NDRRMP)
sets down the expected outcomes, outputs,
key activities, indicators, lead agencies,
implementing partners and time lines under
each of the four distinct yet mutually
reinforcing thematic areas.
DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(DOST)
GOAL: Avoid hazard and mitigate their potential impacts by reducing
vulnerabilities and exposure, and enhancing capacities of communities.
Objectives:
1. Reduce vulnerabilities and exposure of communities to health hazards.
2. Enhance capacities of communities to reduce their own risks and cope with
the impacts of all hazards
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG)
GOAL: Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate, cope
and recover from the negative impacts of emergency occurrences and disasters.
Objectives:
1. Increase level of awareness of the community to threats and impacts of all
hazards.
2. Equip the community with necessary skills to cope with the negative
impacts of disaster.
3. Increase the capacity of a community.
4. Develop and implement disaster preparedness policies and plans.
5. Strengthen partnership among all key stakeholders.
DISASTER RESPONSE
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT (DSWD)
GOAL: Provide life preservation and meet the basic
subsistence needs of affected population based on
acceptable standards during or immediately after a disaster.
Objectives:
1. Decrease the number of preventable deaths and injuries.
2. Provide basic subsistence needs of affected population.
3. Immediately restore basic social services.
DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY
NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (NEDA)
GOAL: Restore and improve facilities, livelihood and living conditions and
organization capacities of affected communities, and reduce disaster risk in
accordance with the “build back better” principle.
Objectives:
1. . Restore people’s means of livelihood and continuity of economic activities.
2. Restore shelter and other installation.
3. Reconstruct infrastructure and other public utilities.
4. Assist in the physical and psychological rehabilitation of persons who
suffered from the effects of disaster.
Activity 1: Make an
Emergency Hotline poster
include the Barangay hotline)
and a “GO BAG” checklist.