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Cultural Universals

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Karthikeyan Viswanathan

11 Sci F

Cultural Universals
What is Cultural
Universals?

?
•Cultural universals are patterns or
traits that are globally common to all
societies.

• A reflection of the human condition,


the shared aspects of human existence

•A possible indicator of evolutionary


adaptations, behaviors or traits that
have been selected for survival and
reproduction

Cultural Universals 2
Language

1
•A system of communication that
involves symbols, sounds, gestures,
or signs

•Allows people to share their


thoughts, feelings, ideas, and
experiences with others

•Examples: English, Mandarin,


Arabic, and Sign Language

Cultural Universals 3
Family

2
•A structure that regulates sexual
reproduction and the care of children

•Can be defined in different ways,


such as by blood, marriage, adoption,
or affection

•Examples: nuclear, extended,


blended, and single-parent

Cultural Universals 4
Religion

3
•A belief system that relates to the
supernatural, the sacred, or the
ultimate meaning of life

•Can involve rituals, ceremonies,


ethics, morals, symbols, and myths

•Examples: Christianity, Islam,


Hinduism, and Buddhism

Cultural Universals 5
Art

4
•A creative expression that appeals
to the senses, emotions, or intellect

•Can include visual, auditory, or


performative forms, such as
painting, music, dance, or theater

•Examples: realism, impressionism,


rock, and jazz

Cultural Universals 6
Technology

5
•Tools, machines, or techniques that
enhance the ability to manipulate the
environment

•Can include simple or complex


inventions, such as fire, wheel,
computer, or smartphone

•Examples: agriculture, medicine,


engineering, and information

Cultural Universals 7
Education

6
•A transmission of knowledge, skills,
values, or norms from one generation
to the next

•Can be formal or informal, and can


take place in various settings, such as
home, school, or workplace

•Examples: math, history, science, and


literature

Cultural Universals 8
Law

7
•Rules, regulations, or sanctions that
govern the behavior of individuals and
groups

•Can be based on custom, tradition,


authority, or consensus, and can be
enforced by various agents, such as
parents, elders, police, or courts

•Examples: civil, criminal, constitutional,


and international

Cultural Universals 9
Politics

8
•Organization, distribution, or exercise
of power and authority

•Can involve individuals, groups, or


institutions, and can affect various
aspects of social life, such as economy,
culture, or security

•Examples: democracy, monarchy,


dictatorship, and anarchy

Cultural Universals 10
Economy

9
•Production, consumption, exchange,
or distribution of goods and services

•Can involve different modes, such as


subsistence, market, or gift, and can be
influenced by various factors, such as
supply, demand, or scarcity

•Examples: farming, trading, banking,


and tourism

Cultural Universals 11
Sport

10
•Activities that involves competition,
cooperation, or recreation

•Can have various rules, objectives,


strategies, or outcomes, and can be
played individually or in teams

•Examples: soccer, basketball, chess,


and golf

Cultural Universals 12
Thank You

Presentation title 13

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