Mode

Communic
With Sir N.

s of
 Learning
At the end of the unit, you shall have:
• Determined culturally appropriate terms, expressions and

• Outcomes:
images (sensitivity to gender, race, class, etc,.) ;
Conveyed ideas through oral, audio-visual, an/or web-based
presentations for different target audience in local and global
settings using appropriate registers;
• Adopted awareness of audience and context in presenting
ideas;
• Created clear, coherent and effective communication
materials;
5. Presented ideas persuasively using appropriate language,
registers, tone, facial expressions and gestures; and

6. Adopted awareness of audience and context in presenting

ideas in communicating ideas.
Public

Speaking
learning
a. identify
objectives: the qualities of a good
speaker;

b. deliver an oral speech efficiently; and

c. cite reasons why one should exercise

the correct physical and verbal
component of public speaking when
deliver a speech
 What is Public
• One form of communication wherein
Speaking? one delivers a message/speech in front
of an audience.

• An ability to get across his/her message

effectively to an interested audience
thus influence people's outlook and
character.

Play an important role to achieve the

power to influence your audience to act
Styles and and do something that is result to an
efficient and effective speech delivery.
E L E M E N T S O F V O C A L D E L I V E RY
• Pitch - Refers to the highness or lowness of the tone of the voice.
• Volume - The loudness or softness of the sound. Modulating is one thing
while shouting is another.
• Rate - The speed at which words are spoken. the rate must be adapted
to the type of audience with which the speaker communicates.
• Pause - Refers to the temporary stop in the vocal delivery, which serves
a good purpose. It allows the listeners some time to process the
information while at the same time, allowing the speaker to recall
something that he/she might have forgotten about the presentation.
He/she must learn to pause.
 E L E M E N T S O F V O C A L D E L I V E RY
5. Animation - Refers to the liveliness of the voice. The speaker's ability to
animate his/her voice will definitely make the presentation dynamic.
6. Vocal clarity - Refers to proper pronunciation. The speaker must be able
to utter the words properly and clearly. He/she must likewise avoid
disruptive speech sounds such as uh, well, um, and you know
7. Vocal quality- A distinct characteristic of one's voice. it can be thin,
hoarse, hinky, rough, or airy, etc. since vocal quality can be improved and
even changed, it is important for the speaker to explore the beauty of
his/her own voice, knows it's strengths weakness, and optimize it to his/her
advantage.
 Physical Delivery
• Facial Expression - No matter how speakers project their
voice or dancers move their body, if they do not shoe
appropriate facial expressions, they fail. their facial
expressions must be reflective of the message they wish to
express to the audience.
 2. Eye Contact
The eyes must be directed
not toward the ceiling nor
toward the ceiling nor the
floor, but the audience.
looking directly at the
audience will make them feel
that they are significant part
of the presentation. Effective
eye contact will establish
connection with the
audience.
3. Gestures
Too much gestures might be an
overkill; too little of them might make
the presentation dull. Hence, it is
imperative that speakers consider the
size if the audience, that is, whether
or not their gestures must involve only
the fingers or the wrist or if they must
be extended to the use of the elbow
or the shoulder.
4. Posture

Good posture does not have to be

very stiff like that of a police officer
when coming to a position of
attention nor does it have to be too
relaxed that the speaker appears
lousy or even arrogant. Standing
straight and tall, with both feet flat
and slightly apart, chin up,
shoulders relaxed, coupled with
that charming smile can make up
a good posture. Just do it
naturally!
5. Movement
• Knowing when to move to and fro
must be clear to every speaker.
• Moving too much and aimlessly
can be very distracting.
• Effective movements must be
purposeful, that is, the speaker
moves only when making or
emphasizing a point.
• Especially in formal settings,
movement must be limited such
that it reinforces the message
instead of distracting its
presentation.
• Observe timing, and move smartly.
 • Dress appropriate for both your
audience and your audience and
6. Appearance the occasion.
• Avoid flashy jewelry. A little makeup
for women and a clean haircut for
men will definitely be appealing.
PREPARATION FOR A BETTER
SPEECH

• The Speaker
For you to be an effective speaker, you may
want to do the following prior to delivering your
speech:

a. Draw from your personal experience.

b. Make use of your hobbies.
c. Use the knowledge you gained from your
other subjects both in high school and in
college.
d. Pick a topic regarding current events.
e. Choose a controversial topic.
 2. Occasion A.
TIME
B. PLACE The audience may have different moods and
feeling according to the time the speech is
The place of gathering may be a factor
delivered. Before the meal, the audience may
in the success of your speech. You
think of food while in the middle of your
should consider the venue of your
speech. In the afternoon, they might feel
speaking engagement.
drowsy. In the evening, the audience may
C. expect too much from you.
PROGRAM
Your role in the program will determine
the length of your speech. if you are a
major speaker, then you have more time
to speak.
3. Audience
• The message is intended for the audience.
Therefore, the audience's attention should be
focused on the topic of your speech.
• The speaker should consider the common
characteristics of the audience.
• Audience interest from older women teenagers
might be interested in topics like popular
fashions and celebrities, while older once will
be more interested in professional growth and
financial success.
4. Gathering of materials

After knowing your speech purpose, you need to

gather materials. Following are your sources:

a. Yourself as the speaker. Think of your own

ideas and experience regarding the topic.

b. More materials. Interview some experts who are

more knowledgeable about the topic.

c. Library. Make sure to take note of the sources

from the library where you gather your materials
and organize them as well.
 I. First Major Idea
Organizing the Speech Content A. Secondary Idea
• Supporting material
• Supporting material
• Creating a Speech Outline - It is
serves as an overview to give B. Secondary Major Idea
• Supporting material
focus and attention to some of the
• Supporting material
topics that need more details, or at
least balance the information in II. Second Major Idea
each category in the outline. A. Secondary Idea
• Supporting material
• Supporting material

B. Secondary Major Idea

• Supporting material
• Supporting material
 III. Third Major Ide a

A. Secondary Idea
• Supporting material
• Supporting material

B. Secondary Major
Idea
• Supporting material
• Supporting material
2. CREATING THE INTRODUCTION
OF THE SPEECH
The two major considerations in creating the speech introduction are
getting the attention of the audience and stating the topic and speech
purpose clearly.

a. To get the audience's attention, establish and show the following:

• significance of your subject;
• humor;
• illustration, comparison, or quotation;
• stimulating statement or provocative question;
• common bond with your audience;
• the occasion or purpose of the meeting; and sincere compliment.
b. To clarify the topic and purpose, discuss
the
• your point or purpose of the speech; and
following:
• your plan to develop your topic
3. Collation and Integration of Materials (Body of
Speech)

The next step after making an outline of your topic is to be

able to present some supporting materials that will help
clarify
and prove the major ideas in your speech.
4. Creating the Conclusion

in creating a summary, you neeed to reiterate the intention

of
your speech . You can end your speech by stating a famous
quotation , a comparison or an illustration, or a
restatement of
 SPEECH OUTLINE
Sample of a simplified, Informative Speech
Outline
Your name
Your class
The date
"The kentucky Fried Rat and Other Tall Tales"
General Purpose:
To inform my audience of what urban legends are and why they exist.
Central Idea:
An urban legend is a story spread through word of mouth that serves
a purpose in our society.
Pattern of Organization:
Topical
Introduction:
Have you heard the story about the rat found at Kentucky Fried
Chicken? (rhetorical question-attention getter)

OR

"A man in Charleston died after eating a fried rat at a local Kentucky
Fried Chicken" (startling fact)

Transition:
I couldn't believe this is so I checked the Internet on the Urban on the
Urban Legends site. From this search, I learned how to tell truth from
fiction.

Urban legends are not a new phenomenon. (Introduce new topic)

I have studied urban legends for the last few years because they are
so fascinating. (Establish credibility)
In order to be better understand this phenomenon, let me explain what
an urban legend is and what purpose it serves in our society. (Central
idea, preview, blueprint)

Transition:
first, let me explain what urban legends are.

Body:
I. Urban legends are stories which are spread primarily through word
of mouth, are widespread, and frequently involve acts of violence or
tragedy.

A. Urban legends are spread by word of mouth.

• Friend of a friend (FOAF)
• Usually not recorded
• Quote from Brunvard (1992) about word of mouth
B. Urban legends are widespread.
• Occur throughout the country
• Situation may change slightly
• Appear in newspapers (quote from Smith, 1998)

C. Urban legends frequently involve acts of violence or tragedy.

• Murder, "harmless" pranks, etc.
• Psychological harm
• Tragedy

Transition:
Now that you know what are dealing with, you are probably wondering
why these stories exist.

II. Urban legends serve four main functions

A. They teach a lesson
• Quote from Brunvand (1992)
• Examples
. a. Example of a stranger in the backseat
b. Example of a light flasher
c. Example of a kidney heist

B. They allow us to discuss common fear in a common fears in a non-

threatening way

C. They give us the opportunity to have villains and heroes.

• Quote from Smith (1998)
• Examples
a. AIDS Mary
b. Stranger in the house

D. They provide traditional entertainment-story telling.

Transition:
So obviously, there are some fairly important reasons for the
existence of these stories.

Conclusion:

I. To summarize, urban legends are stories which are spread by

word of mouth, are widespread, and frequently involved in
violence or tragedy. They also serve four main functions: teach
lessons, allow discussion of fears, allow discussion of villains
and heroes, and provide entertainment.

II. After this, I hope you you'll never react to the kentucky Fried
Chicken rat story the same way!
Why do we fear Public
Speaking?
Many, if not most, people have stage fright. Once
they set foot on stage, their knees and hands • Be prepared
start trembling. Where does such fear come
from?

• Keep on
According to BDO. Seidman, & LLP (2009),
People who deliver speeches look at themselves
practicing
as the 'center stage". Once they see the crowd,
their anxiety grows even stronger. They are also • Relax before
scared of looking foolish, particularly when they speaking
stumble in their deliver.

BDO, Seidman, & LLP (2009) offer three steps to

overcome stage fright.
 Agravante and Buenaventura (1999) also
provide some strategies to control
tension when you are on the stage

• Think of presenting your message, not yourself

• Be prepared.
• Relax. Take several several deep breaths.
• Try to be physically and mentally active
• Act confident and you'll be confident.
• Use gestures and movements

Take a mistakes as a challenge and s=discover alteration

techniques
Preparation for Oral Delivery
Beforeꢀyouꢀdeliverꢀyourꢀspeech,ꢀkeep
ꢀinꢀ
mindꢀtheꢀfollowingꢀ(BDO,ꢀSeidman,ꢀ
&ꢀLLP,ꢀ
(2009):

• Use your voice properly. Your voice

reflects your character, personality, and
familiarity with the subject.
• The volume and your speed in speaking
have to be properly handled. However,
there should be vocal variety.
• In case of pauses, do not use filters like
"um, er, uh, ah," etc. The audience might
doubt the speaker's expertise on the
subject (BDO, Seidman, LLP, (2009)
2. Relax and Speak naturally

Before speaking, make sure you are in the right position, and start just
soon as the audience is prepared to listen.

3. Use the language effectively

Use more precise and concise words in expressing your ideas. As much
as possible, go over your speech repeatedly until you have absorbed its
message.
4. Be careful in articulation and pronunciation
Avoid mispronouncing words and cutting off syllables. If you are not
familiar with the pronunciation of words, consult a dictionary.
5. Avoid nervous filters and slang words

Nervous Fillers, code switching, and slang words must be intensively

prevented in public speaking .

6. Show passion and sincerity

Be audience -centered. Show concern and courtesy to the audience.

7. Use nonverbal signs

Use your movement, gestures, and facial expressions to add interest and
emphasis. Avoid unnecessary movement so that you won't distract
audience's attention.
8. Be prepared

Bring a small, clean, and comprehensible note card to serve as a guide

while speaking. Practice your speech continually until you have gained
enough confidence to face the audience.