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Introduction To Probability of Compound Event

This document provides an introduction to probability of compound events. It defines key terms like set, union, and intersection. It explains how to find the probability of the union and intersection of events. Examples are provided to illustrate how to calculate probabilities of compound events involving multiple conditions. The objectives are to differentiate between simple and compound probabilities and solve related problems.

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Baby Ann Motar
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
62 views

Introduction To Probability of Compound Event

This document provides an introduction to probability of compound events. It defines key terms like set, union, and intersection. It explains how to find the probability of the union and intersection of events. Examples are provided to illustrate how to calculate probabilities of compound events involving multiple conditions. The objectives are to differentiate between simple and compound probabilities and solve related problems.

Uploaded by

Baby Ann Motar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GUESSING A PICTURE THROUGH TREASURE

HUNTING
Mechanics:
1. Determine five representatives from each group.
2. Give each group a white board and a marker.
3. Guess what the picture is, as the clue is being read by looking
at the scrambled letters.
4. One representative answers one problem.
5. Write the guessed word on the white board.
6. The group/s that got the correct answer earns 3 points.
7. The group with the most number of points wins the game.
Introduction to
Probability of
Compound Event

Prepared by: ms. Baby Ann


Motar
(BSED MATH 3)
Objectives:
At the end of the discussion learners are able to:
recall the concepts related to sets and probability of
simple events,
differentiate probability of simple events from
compound events,
find the probability of the union and the intersection
of events,
solve problems involving probability of compound
events.
Set is any well-defined collection of
objects.
The objects comprising the set are
called elements.
The notation a ∈ A is used to denote
that a is an element of set A.
#1

1) The number of distinct elements in a


set is called the cardinality of the set. The
symbol n(A) represents the number of
elements of set A. It is read as the “number
of A” or the “cardinality of set A”.
#2
2) If A and B are any two sets, the
intersection of A and B, denoted by A ∩
B, is the set consisting of all elements
that belong to both A and B.
In symbol, A ∩ B ={ x | x ∈ A and x ∈ B }
This notation is read as “A intersection B is
the set of x such that x is an element of A
and x is an element of B”.
#3
3) The union of two sets A and B, denoted
by A ∪ B, is the set of all elements that
belong to A or to B.
Symbolically, A ∪ B ={ x | x ∈ A or x ∈ B }
This notation is read as “A union B is the set
of x such that x is an element of A or x is
an element of B”.
#4
The relationship among sets can be represented
using a Venn diagram.
Illustrative Example 1.
If R is the set of colors in a rainbow and F is the set of
colors in the Philippine flag, a) name the elements of each
set and b) their cardinality. Find the c) union and d)
intersection
a) of Elements
these two sets.
R = {red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet}
F = {blue, red, white, yellow}
b) Cardinality
n(R) = 7
n(F) = 4
c) Union
R ∪ F = { red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, white}
d) Intersection
R ∩ F = { red, yellow, blue}
Probability
Probability is a measure or estimation of how likely that an event will
occur or happen.
1) The probability of simple event is finding the probability of a single
event occurring.
2) In an experiment with outcomes that are equally likely to happen,
the probability of an event, E, is a ratio that compares the number of
favorable outcomes to the number of possible outcomes. In symbols,

3) The notation P(E) is read as “the probability of an event E” or


simply the “probability of E”.
Illustrative Example 2:

A bag has 3 red, 4 yellow, 6 blue and 7 white


marbles. If a marble is picked at random,
what is the probability that the picked marble
is blue?
Other terms associated with probability:
1) Experiments are activities which have well – defined
results.
2) Outcomes are possible results of an experiment.
3) Sample Space is the set of all possible outcomes of
an experiment.
4) Event is a subset of the sample space.
Illustrative Example 3:
Experiment: Tossing a coin twice.
Outcomes: Getting two heads (HH), getting a
head on the first toss and tail on the second
toss (HT), getting tail on the first toss and head
on the second toss (TH) and getting two tails
(TT). Sample Space: {HT, HH, TH, TT}
Event: Getting at least one head, getting at
most one tail, etc
LET’S TRY THIS !!!
1) Name the elements of the following sets:
a. A is the set of Southeast Asia nations.
b. B is the set of months of the year with exactly 30
days.
2) Find the cardinality of the following sets:
a. D = {positive multiples of 3 less than 10}
b. E = {positive even prime number}
3) If G = {𝑥/𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 multiple of 3 between 10 and 28}
and H = {𝑦/𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 multiple of 6 between 5 and 40}
g) G ∪ H ___________________________
h) G ∩ H ___________________________
4) Linda has 6 roses, 5 anthuriums, 9 daisies,
and 10 dahlias in her flower vase. If she picks one
flower at random, what is the probability that she
will pick a
i) rose? ____________________
j) daisy? ____________________
5) Identify the outcomes, sample space and
event of this experiment.
Experiment: Rolling a six sided – die once.
Outcomes: _______________
Sample Space:_____________
Event: ___________________
Complete the following phrases:
I understand
that__________________________________________
_________________________
I realize
that__________________________________________
______________________________
I need to learn more about
_____________________________________________
____________
Get one half crosswise sheet of paper.
1) Name the elements of the given sets:
a. C is the set of positive odd integers less than 10.
2) Find the cardinality of the given sets:
a. F = {distinct letters in the word PHILIPPINES}
3) If X = { /𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 multiples of 3 between 1 and 20} and Y = { 𝑦/ 𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 even natural
numbers up to 15}. Find:
a. X ∪ Y ___________________________
b. X ∩ Y ___________________________
4) Identify the outcomes, sample space and event of this experiment.
Experiment: Two leaders are selected from five students A, B, C D and E to lead a tree planting
activity.
Outcomes: _____________________
Sample Space:___________________
Event: _________________________
5) Grade 10 - Prestige has 18 male and 24 female students. Suppose that the officers are
chosen at random, what is the probability of choosing a
a. female as the president of this class?
b. male as the vice-president of this class?

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