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Lec-13 What Is Database

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Imaduddin Sharafi
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7 views

Lec-13 What Is Database

Uploaded by

Imaduddin Sharafi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Objectives

 Introduction to Database
 Components of Database
 Types of Database Programs
 File Management
Programs
 DBMSs
 RDBMs
 Data Warehouses
 Client/Server Database
Systems
Data vs. Information

Data:

•Data–a collection of facts made up of text, numbers and dates: Ahamd


35000 7/18/86
Information:

•Information-the meaning given to data in the way it is interpreted:

Mr. Ahamd is a sales person whose annual salary is Af.35,000 and


whose hire date is July 18, 1986.

5 + 5 = 10
5 ( is data)
( 10 is information )
What is Database?
A database is a shared collection of logically related data that is
stored to meet the requirements of different users of an
organization.
DBMS (Database Management System)
A DBMS (database Management System )is a software that allows creation, definition
and manipulation of database.

DBMS is actually a tool used to perform any kind of operation on data in database.

DBMS also provides protection and security to database. It maintains data consistency in
case of multiple users.

Here are some examples of popular DBMS, MySQL, Oracle, Sybase, Microsoft Access and
IBM DB2 etc.
Database Applications(usage):
Banking: transactions
Airlines: reservations, schedules
Universities: registration, grades
Sales: customers, products, purchases
Online retailers: order tracking, customized recommendations
Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain
Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax deductions
Components of Database System:
The database system can be divided into three components:

 Users: Users may be of various type such as DB administrator, System


developer and End users.
 DBMS: Software that allow users to define, create and manages
database access, Ex: MySQL, Oracle MS SQL Server.
 Database: Collection of logical data.
Types of Database Programs

1. Traditional File-Based Approach


2. Database Approach
File Based Approach
File-based systems were an early attempt to computerize the manual
filing system. File-based system is a collection of application
programs that perform services for the end-users. Each program
defines and manages its data.
Database Approach
In order to overcome the limitations of the file-based approach, the
concept of database and the Database Management System (DMS)
was emerged in 60s.
Advantages Database Approach
1. Sharing of data
Database belongs to the entire organization and can be shared by all authorized users.
2. Improved security
Database approach provides a protection of the data from the unauthorized users. It may take the term of
user names and passwords to identify user type and their access right in the operation including retrieval,
insertion, updating and deletion.

3. Economy of scale
Cost savings can be obtained by combining all organization's operational data into one database with
applications to work on one source of data.

4. Improved backing and recovery services


Modern database management system provides facilities to minimize the amount of processing that can be
lost following a failure by using the transaction approach.
Disadvantages Database Approach
1. Complexity
Database management system is an extremely complex piece of software. All parties must be familiar with
its functionality and take full advantage of it. Therefore, training for the administrators, designers and users
is required.

2. Size
The database management system consumes a substantial amount of main memory as well as a large
number amount of disk space in order to make it run efficiently.

3. Cost of conversion
When moving from a file-base system to a database system, the company is required to have additional
expenses on hardware acquisition and training cost

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