Interaction

Formula
Situation 1

1. 250,000
W25x55 𝑓 𝑡= 2
=25 MPa
0.010(1000)

250,000
W21x62 𝑓 𝑡= 2
=20.83 MPa
0.012(1000)
250,000
𝑓 𝑡= =19.23 MPa
W21x68 0.013(1000)
2

1. Lowest axial tensile stress

2. Lowest maximum bending stress 2.
𝑓 𝑏=
337,500,000 ( 598
2 ) = 180.85 MPa
3. Safe economical section if Ft = 0.6Fy W25x55 0.000558 ( 1000 )
4

and Fb = 0.66Fy.
𝑓 𝑏=
337,500,000 (
533
2 ) = 162.35 MPa
W21x62 0.000554 ( 1000 )
4

300,000( 4500)
𝑀= = 300,000,000 𝑁𝑚𝑚
4
W21x68 𝑓 𝑏=
337,500,000 ( 598
2 )
= 147.11 MPa
4
0.000616 ( 1000 )
Situation 1
W25x55

𝑓 𝑡 𝑓 𝑏𝑥 𝑓 𝑏𝑦 25 180.85
+ + = + =1.273 (x)
𝐹 𝑡 𝐹 𝑏𝑥 𝐹 𝑏𝑦 148.8 163.38

W21x62
𝑓 𝑡 𝑓 𝑏𝑥 𝑓 𝑏𝑦 20.83 162.35
+ + = + =1.132 (x)
𝐹 𝑡 𝐹 𝑏𝑥 𝐹 𝑏𝑦 148.8 163.38

W21x68
3. Safe economical section if Ft = 0.6Fy and
Fb = 0.66Fy. 𝑓 𝑡 𝑓 𝑏𝑥 𝑓 𝑏𝑦 19.23 147.11
+ + = + =1.028 (x)
𝐹 𝑡 𝐹 𝑏𝑥 𝐹 𝑏𝑦 148.8 163.38
𝐹 𝑡 =0.6 ( 248 ) =148.8 MPa
Therefore, there is no safe section.
𝐹 𝑡 =0.66 ( 248 ) =163.68 MPa
Situation 2

1.72 ( 6 )2 71 ( 6 )
𝑀𝑥 = + =114.24 𝑘𝑁𝑚
8 4
1. Bending stress about the x-axis

𝑓 𝑏𝑥=
𝑀 𝑥𝑐
=
2
114.24 (1000 ) ∗ ( 300
2 )
=89.38 MPa
𝐼𝑥 191.73 ( 10 )
6
Situation 2
2. Bending stress about the y-axis
y

7 kN

7( 6)
𝑀 y= =10.5 𝑘𝑁𝑚
4

7 kN
x

200 mm y
Situation 2
3. Interaction value If Fbx = 0.6Fy and Fby = 0.75Fy

𝑓 𝑏𝑥 𝑓 𝑏𝑦 89.38 59.88
+ = + =0.92
𝐹 𝑏𝑥 𝐹 𝑏𝑦 0.6( 248) 0.75 (248)
Situation 2
2. Bending stress if bending moment alone
existed.

70,000,000
𝑓𝑏= =58.33 MPa
1,200,000

1. Compressive stress if axial load only existed

only existed.

800,000
𝑓𝑎= =61.64 MPa
13000
Situation 3

√ √
2 𝜋 2 (200,000)
2
2𝜋 𝐸
𝐶𝑐 = = =1 2 6. 16
𝐹𝑦 248
Since
KL/r < CC (38.30<126.17); Short Column

[ ] [ ]
3

5
𝐹𝑆 = +
3 ( 𝐾𝐿
𝑟 ) −
1 ( 𝐾𝐿
𝑟 )
3 8 𝐶𝐶 8 𝐶𝐶
3. Allowable Compressive stress using NSCP
[ ] [ ]
3
5 3 38.30 1 38.30
𝐹𝑆= + − =1.777
3 8 126.17 8 126.17
Check if Long or Short Column:

[ ]
𝐾 𝐿 1.0 ( 3 ,6 00 )
= =33.03 ( )
𝐾𝐿 2
𝑟𝑥 109 𝐹 𝑎= 1 −
𝑟
2𝐶𝑐 2
𝐹𝑦
𝐹𝑆
= 1 −
[
( 38.30 )2
2 (126.17 )
2
248
1.777 ]
=133.13 MPa

𝐾 𝐿 1.0 ( 3 ,6 00 )
= =38.30
𝑟 𝑦 94
Situation 3 Does the member not subject to transverse
loading between their supports? (Is there a
shear force in the supports?) If Yes then,

𝐶 𝑚= 0.6 − 0.4
𝑀1
𝑀2
=−( 49
𝑀 1
=− 0.7
𝑀 2
70 )
𝐶 𝑚= 0.6 − 0.4 ( − 0.7 )= 0.88
𝑓𝑎 𝐶 𝑚𝑥 𝑓 𝑏𝑥 𝐶𝑚 𝑦 𝑓 𝑏 𝑦
+ + ≤ 1.0
( ) ( )
𝐹𝑎 𝑓𝑎 𝑓𝑎
1− ′ 𝐹 𝑏𝑥 1− ′ 𝐹 𝑏𝑦
𝐹 𝑒𝑥 𝐹 𝑒𝑦
2 2
12 𝜋 𝐸 12 𝜋 ( 200,000 )
4. From the interaction formula compute the
𝐾 𝐿 1.0 ( 3,600 ) 𝐹 ′ 𝑒𝑥= = = 943.99
= =33.03
( )
2 2
interaction value. Assume the column is brace 𝐾𝐿 23 ( 33.03 )
23
against joint translation (sideways prevented) 𝑟 𝑥 109 𝑟𝑥
61.54 (0.88 )(58.33 )
+ =0
𝑓𝑎
𝐹𝑎
=
61.54
133.33
= 0.462 >0.15
133.13
( 1−
61.54
943.99 )
148

Therefore case b. 𝑓𝑎 𝑓 𝑏𝑥 𝑓 𝑏𝑦 61.54 58.33 Choose the bigger value of

+ + = + =.81
0.6 𝐹𝑦 𝐹 𝑏𝑥 𝐹 𝑏𝑦 0.6(248) 148 interaction value, 0.83