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    Unit-1 8603

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    isabella99
    The document discusses curriculum, defining it as the instructional and educational program that helps students achieve goals and aspirations. It outlines key curriculum components like objectives, content, methods, and evaluation. Objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound. Content includes the body of knowledge to be learned. Effective methods are determined by the subject and learner. Evaluation assesses the achievement of objectives and provides feedback.

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    Unit-1 8603

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    isabella99
    6 views37 pages
    The document discusses curriculum, defining it as the instructional and educational program that helps students achieve goals and aspirations. It outlines key curriculum components like objectives, content, methods, and evaluation. Objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound. Content includes the body of knowledge to be learned. Effective methods are determined by the subject and learner. Evaluation assesses the achievement of objectives and provides feedback.

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    UNIT-1 8603

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    The document discusses curriculum, defining it as the instructional and educational program that helps students achieve goals and aspirations. It outlines key curriculum components like objectives, content, methods, and evaluation. Objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound. Content includes the body of knowledge to be learned. Effective methods are determined by the subject and learner. Evaluation assesses the achievement of objectives and provides feedback.

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    Unit-1 8603

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    isabella99
    The document discusses curriculum, defining it as the instructional and educational program that helps students achieve goals and aspirations. It outlines key curriculum components like objectives, content, methods, and evaluation. Objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound. Content includes the body of knowledge to be learned. Effective methods are determined by the subject and learner. Evaluation assesses the achievement of objectives and provides feedback.

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    of 37

    Course Code: 8604

    RESEARCH METHODS IN
    EDUCATION
    UNIT 1

    Muhammad Akram Grewal


    M.Phil Education
    Day-1
    Unit-1
    INTRODUCTION TO
    CURRICULUM

    BY M.AKRAM GREWAL
    ARIFWALA, PAKPATTAN
    Units of the Course
    Your Understanding about
    “Curriculum”

    (3 Minutes)
    Write your answer in Chat box
    Curriculum
    • The term curriculum has been derived from a
    Latin word ‘Currere’ which means a ‘race course’
    or a runway on which one runs to reach a goal.

    • Accordingly, a curriculum is the instructional and


    the educative programme by following which the
    pupils achieve their goals, ideals and aspirations of
    life.

    • The curriculum includes the aims, objectives,


    teaching content, teaching strategies, assessment
    methods and other components of learning and
    teaching in classrooms.
    • All the learning planned and guided by the school, whether
    it is carried on in the group or individually, inside the school
    or outside it.
    Curriculum (Definitions)
     Alberty A, and Alberty E. (1959)
    “the sum total of student activities which the
    school sponsors for the purpose of achieving its
    objectives”
     H. Robert Beck and W. Walter Cook
    “ Curriculum is the sum of the educational
    experiences that children have in schools”.
     Blond’s Encyclopedia (1969) of Education
    “Curriculum as all the experiences a pupil has
    under the guidance of the school.
     F. Bobbit in “The Curriculum” (1918)
    Curriculum is that series of things which children
    and youth must do an experience by way of
    developing abilities to do things well that make up
    the affairs of adult life and to be in all respects
    what adults should do.
    Curriculum

    • Curriculum is a comprehensive overview of

    what students should learn, how they will

    learn it, what role the instructor is playing and

    the framework in which learning and teaching

    will take place.

    • Traditional concept-The traditional curriculum

    was subject- centered while the modern

    curriculum is child and life-centered.


    Concept of Curriculum

    • Curriculum is a tool in the hands of

    artist (teacher) to mould his

    material (pupil) according to his

    ideal (objectives) in this studio

    (school)
    Your understanding about
    “Curriculum”

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Determinants of Curriculum

    • Individual Needs

    • Cultural Change

    • Social Change

    • Value System
    The main determinant of
    Curriculum and How?

    • Individual Needs

    • Cultural Change

    • Social Change

    • Value System

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Characteristics of Curriculum
    • Totality of Activities
    • A means to an end
    • Total School environment
    • Totality of experience
    • Mirror of curricular and co-curricular trends
    • Mirror of Educational trends
    • Development of balanced personality
    • Process of living
    • Dynamic
    • Mirror of Philosophy of life
    • Achievement of goals
    The most important characteristic/s
    of Curriculum and How?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Broad Components of Curriculum

    • Programme of Studies

    • Programme of Activities

    • Programme of Guidacne
    Describe Program of Activities?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Need of Curriculum
    • Achievement of educational aims
    • Fixing limits
    • Development of democratic values
    • Development of Citizenship
    • Development of Character
    • Satisfaction of needs
    • Criteria of suitable teachers
    • Selection of suitable methods
    • Acquisition of knowledge
    • Personality development
    • Reflection trends in Education
    • Discoveries and inventories
    The most important factor about
    Need of Curriculum and How?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Elements of Curriculum
    • Objectives (Ability to do at the end of instruction)

    • Method (Way of learning)

    • Content (Learning Resources)

    • Evaluation (Attainment of objectives and feedback)


    1. Objectives
    • Outlines the goals of the programme
    • Based on Social aspiration of Society

    Three categories of Objectives by Bloom:


    • Cognitive (knowledge)
    • Affective (Values)
    • Psychomotor (Skills)
    1. Objectives

    Objectives should be SMART

    • Specific
    • Measurable
    • Achievable
    • Realistic
    • Time framed
    The most important objective by
    Bloom and How?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    2. Content

    • Body of Knowledge like (English, Math)


    • It outlines the desired attitude and
    values

    Principles
    • Self-Sefficiecny (less effort, more results)
    • Significance
    • Validity
    • Utility
    • Learnability
    • Feasibility
    3. Method
    • Method comprises the principles/ way of
    teaching, used by teachers to enable
    student learning.
    • These strategies are determined partly on
    subject matter to be taught and partly by
    the nature of the learner.
    • The approaches for teaching can be
    broadly classified into
    (Teacher-centered and Student-centered)
    The most effective method of
    teaching with reason?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    4. Evaluation
     Curriculum evaluation refers
    to the process of placing
    value on a curriculum.
     Evaluation may focus on a
    curriculum design including
     content and process,
     implementations and
    outcomes.

     Evaluation is made regarding


     Input, Content, Output,
    Outcomes of whole learning
    process
    How Evaluation can be made
    effective?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Curriculum Planning
    Important Aspects of Curriculum Planning?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Characteristics of Curriculum
    Planning
    Characteristics of Curriculum Planning
    How Curriculum Planning can be
    made effective?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Curriculum Development (Process)
    Process of Curriculum
    Development?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Principles of Curriculum Development

    • Conservative
    • Forward-Looking
    • Creative
    • Activity
    • Preparation for life
    • Child-centred
    • Maturity
    • Individual differences
    • Linkage with life
    • Comprehensive
    • Loyalty and Flexibility
    • Leisure and All round development
    The most important Principle/s of
    Curriculum Development and How?

    Write your answer in Chat box


    Summary
    Thank you for listening!
    See you tomorrow Insha Allah!

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