Concept of Project

CONCEPT OF PROJECT
MANAGEMENT AND CONCEPT OF

PROJECT .
PRESENTED BY :-
J.JEGAN JOSEPH
MHA –SECOND YEAR
RA2022321010008
Project
 A temporary endeavor that is needed to produce a unique outcome

or result at a pre specified time using predetermined resources.
 Temporary – each project has a definite beginning and a definite
end.
 Unique Product – the outcome of a project must be unique
product, service or result.
Basic Characteristics of Projects
Projects could be small or large. However, regardless of the size of a project, projects
have common characteristics. Some of these characteristics are:
 A project has a unique purpose. Every project should have a well-defined objective.
For example, many people hire firms to design and build a new house, but each house,
like each person, is unique.
 A project is temporary. A project has a definite beginning and a definite end. For a
home construction project, owners usually have a date in mind when they’d like to
move into their new homes.
 A project is developed using progressive elaboration or in an iterative fashion.

Projects are often defined broadly when they begin, and as time passes, the specific
details of the project become clearer. For example, and there are many decisions that
must be made in planning and building a new house. It works best to draft preliminary
plans for owners to approve before more detailed plans are developed.
 A project requires resources, often from various areas. Resources include people,
hardware, software, or other assets. Many different types of people, skill sets, and
resources are needed to build a home.
 A project should have a primary customer or sponsor. Most projects have many
interested parties or stakeholders, but someone must take the primary role of
sponsorship. The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding for the
project.
 Have definite location and target group (beneficiaries)
 A project involves uncertainty. Because every project is unique, it is sometimes
difficult to define the project’s objectives clearly, estimate exactly how long it will
take to complete, or determine how much it will cost. External factors also cause
uncertainty, such as a supplier going out of business or a project team member
needing unplanned time off.
Project Management
 It is the application of knowledge , skills, tools and techniques to project objectives to

meet stake holders needs and expectations.
 It is planning , monitoring and controlling of all aspects of a project and motivation of all
involved to achieve project objectives of safety and within a defined time, cost &
performance.
 Project Management is both people and technical oriented.
 It involve understanding the cause-effect relationship and interactions among socio
technical dimensions of projects.
Benefit’s of project management
 To have goal clarity and measurement

 resources will be coordinated
 risks will be identified and managed
 increase the possibilities of time savings
 increase the possibilities of cost savings
 increase the possibilities of achieving the agreed outcome
 increase the possibilities to deliver projects successfully
Project Management
life cycle phases
Project Management Techniques
 Bar Charts : -Bar charts are the pictorial representation of various tasks required to be
performed for accomplishment of the project objectives.
 Gantt Chart:-It is a pictorial representation specifying the start and finish time for
various tasks to be performed in a project on a horizontal time-scale. Each project is
broken down to physically identifiable and controllable units, called the Tasks.
 Milestone Chart :-Milestone chart is an improvement over the bar chart (Gantt chart)
by introducing the concept of milestone. The milestone, represented by a circle over a
task in the bar chart indicates completion of a specific phase of the task
Project Management Techniques
 Networks :-The network is a logical extension of Gantt’s milestone chart

incorporating the modifications so as to illustrate interrelationship between and
among all the milestones in an entire project. The two best-known techniques for
network analysis are Programme Evaluation and review Technique (PERT) and
Critical Path Method (CPM).
NEED FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT
 To manage large investment opportunities in different emerging

sectors.
 Projects of increasingly complex sizes
 Aggressive competition
 Turbulent business environment
 Greater focus for operational effectiveness and efficiency.
 Downsizing
Project Functions
 PMI has identified six basic functions :

 1. Manage the project’s scope to define the goals and the work to be done in sufficient
details to facilitate understanding and correct performance by participants
 2. Manage the Human Resources effectively
 3. Manage communications for smooth running of the project
 4. Managing time by planning and meeting schedules
 5. Manage Quality so that project results are satisfactory
 6. Manage Costs to see that project is performed at the minimum possible cost and within
the budget.
Common Pitfalls in Project Management
 Not being aligned to organizational strategy

 Lack of top management or sponsor support
 Political discord or disagreement
 Poor or inadequate estimating
 Working backwards from a given date
 Inexperienced project management personnel
 Fragmented team and team values
Common Pitfalls in Project Management
 Poorly/vaguely defined requirements (Scope)

 Lack of user (customer) involvement
 Unrealistic requirements or expectations
 Scope creep
 Poor communication or lack of communication
 Ignoring project warning signs
 Poor governance
Triple Constraints of Project Management
 All projects are bound by the Triple Constraints of

Project Management: time, cost, and scope. Quality
is affected by the balance of these three
components.
 The Triple Constraints is also known as the Iron
Triangle, as shown in the illustration below. If any one
angle of the triangle changes, then the other two
should change as well—if not, then quality will suffer
Nine knowledge areas in PM
Project management is comprised of the following nine knowledge areas.

 Project Integration Management
 Project Scope Management
 Project Time Management
 Project Cost Management
 Project Quality Management
Nine knowledge areas in PM
 Project Human Resource Management

 Project Communications Management
 Project Risk Management
 Project Procurement Management
Reference
 https://
benefit4regions.eu/images/b4r/FinalOutputs/ResearchResults/B4R_WP4-project-management-basics_UK.
pdf
 https://www.manage.gov.in/studymaterial/PM.pdf
 https://www.opentextbooks.org.hk/system/files/export/15/15694/pdf/Project_Management_15694.pdf
 https://oa.upm.es/12851/1/INVE_MEM_2011_107852.pdf
 http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/90290/1/Chapter%201.pdf
 http://www.slideshare.net/ashwinprince/pm-concepts?from_m_app=android
 https://www.slideshare.net/ashwinprince/pm-concepts
 https://www.slideshare.net/RajSampat2/project-management-ppt-133183923
 https://slideplayer.com/amp/6396901/

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CONCEPT OF PROJECT

MANAGEMENT AND CONCEPT OF

 A temporary endeavor that is needed to produce a unique outcome

 A project is developed using progressive elaboration or in an iterative fashion.

 It is the application of knowledge , skills, tools and techniques to project objectives to

 To have goal clarity and measurement

 Networks :-The network is a logical extension of Gantt’s milestone chart

 To manage large investment opportunities in different emerging

 PMI has identified six basic functions :

 Not being aligned to organizational strategy

 Poorly/vaguely defined requirements (Scope)

 All projects are bound by the Triple Constraints of

Project management is comprised of the following nine knowledge areas.

 Project Human Resource Management

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