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CS Lec6

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6 views

CS Lec6

Uploaded by

salmankhanofficial9075
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication Systems

Week-6
Lecture -6
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3
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Types of Amplitude Modulation

1.Single Sideband Modulation


2.Vestigial side band Modulation

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Amplitude Modulation (Single Sideband SSB)

• The DSB spectrum has two sidebands: USB and LSB


• Both USB and LSB contain complete information of the baseband
signal.
• A scheme in which only one sideband is transmitted is known as
single-sideband ( SSB) transmission.
• In SSB transmission the required bandwidth is half compared to DSB
signal.
• An SSB signal can be coherently (synchronously) demodulated. E.g.

For example multiplying USB signal by cos wct shifts its spectrum to
the left and right by wc
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Hilbert
Transfor
m

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Single Sideband SSB (cont..)
Time domain representation of SSB signals:

 SSB (t ) m(t ) cos wc t mh (t ) sin wc t


mh (t ) Hilbert
HilbertTransform
Transformof
ofm(t)
m(t) 
and
anddelays
delaysthe
thephase
phaseof
ofeach
eachcomponent
componentby
by 2

Where minus sign applies to USB and the plus sign applies to LSB

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Generation of SSB Signals
Two methods are generally used to generate SSB signals.
1) Sharp cutoff filters
2) Phase shifting networks

Selective Filtering Method:


• In this method the DSB-SC signal is passed through a sharp cutoff
filter to eliminate the undesired sideband.
• To obtain USB , the filter should pass all components above wc,
attenuated and completely suppress all components below wc
• Such an operation requires an ideal filter that is practically not
possible.
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• It is easy to build a circuit to shift to shift the phase of a single
frequency component by π/2, but a device to achieve the
phase shift of all the frequency components over a band of
frequencies is unrealizable.
• We can approximate it over a finite band. 29
Generation of SSB Signals
• This method of generating SSB signal can be used when there is
some separation between the pass band and stop band.
• In some application this can be achieved e.g. voice signals
Voice signals spectrum shows little power content at the
origin. Thus filtering the unwanted sideband is relatively
easy.
Tests
Testshave
haveshown
shownthat
thatfrequency
frequencycomponents
components
below 300Hz are not important.
below 300Hz are not important.

600Hz
600Hztransition
transitionregion
regionaround
aroundthe
thecutoff
cutoff
frequency w c , makes filtering easy and
frequency wc , makes filtering easy and
minimize
minimizethe
thechannel
channelinterference
interference

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Single Sideband SSB (cont..)

Low pass filtering will give the required baseband signal at the
receiver.
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Example 4.7 p-174

Tone Modulation:
Find  SSB (t ) for a simple case of tone modulation, that is, when the
modulating signal is a sinusoid m(t ) cos wmt
Solution:
 SSB (t ) m(t ) cos wc t mh (t ) sin wc t

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Example 4.7 p-174

Hence

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Example 4.7 p-174

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Demodulation of SSB Signals

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Envelope Detection of SSB Signals with
a Carrier(SSC+C)

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Telephone Channel Multiplexing

Almost all long-haul telephone channels were multiplexed


by FDM using SSB signals. 43
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SSB vs. AM
• Since the carrier is not transmitted, there is a reduction by
67%of the transmitted power.-In AM @100% modulation:
2/3 of the power is comprised of the carrier; with the
remaining (1/3) power in both sidebands.
• Because in SSB, only one sideband is transmitted, there is
a further reduction by 50% in transmitted power
• Finally, because only one sideband is received, the
receiver's needed bandwidth is reduced by one half--thus
effectively reducing the required power by the transmitter
another 50%
• Relative expensive receiver
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Vestigial Sideband
• A compromise between the DSB-SC modulation
and the SSB modulation is known as Vestigial
Side Band (VSB) modulation.

• This type of modulation is generated using a


similar system as that of the selective–filtering
system for SSB modulation.

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Vestigial Sideband

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VSB Spectra

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Problems

• 4.2-1,4.2-4,4.2-5,4.2-8,4.3-1,4.3-2,4.5-8

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Quiz#02
t2
Q.1 Prove that 1
[5]
c
Ex g (t ) x(t )dt
t1

Q.2 Show the amplitude modulation and


demodulation of signal given below in time domain
as well as in frequency domain . [5]

Q.3 Show the demodulation of Am signal by


means of envelop detector method. [5] 58
Lab-#1 Assignment
• Implement ring diode modulator ,bridge modulator , envelop
detection and rectification method of DSBLC demodulation.[5]

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