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Database-Normalization-Ensuring-Data-Integrity-and-Efficiency

This document presents an overview of database normalization, emphasizing its purpose in organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity. It outlines the different normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF) and their specific rules for structuring databases. The conclusion highlights normalization as a vital component of database design that enhances performance and data consistency.

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2 views

Database-Normalization-Ensuring-Data-Integrity-and-Efficiency

This document presents an overview of database normalization, emphasizing its purpose in organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity. It outlines the different normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF) and their specific rules for structuring databases. The conclusion highlights normalization as a vital component of database design that enhances performance and data consistency.

Uploaded by

opendiscord10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SD COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

TOPIC - NORMALISATION

NAME ADITI TYAGI


ROLL NO 03
COURSE BSC(C.S)
Database Normalization:
Ensuring Data Integrity
and Efficiency
This presentation explores database normalization. We will cover
the purpose and benefits of normalization. Also, we will present an
overview of normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF). Lastly, we will
address practical considerations and trade-offs.
What is Database Normalization?
Database normalization organizes data. It aims to reduce
redundancy and improve data integrity. Normalization
divides databases into two or more tables. It defines
relationships between the tables. This process minimizes
data anomalies.

Normalization is based on "normal forms". Normal forms


define specific rules for database organization. For
example, a single table of customers, orders, and products
is converted into separate tables for each entity.
Benefits of Normalization

Reduced Improved Integrity Easier Modification


Redundancy
Ensures data consistency Updates and deletions
Eliminates duplicate and accuracy. become simpler.
data, saving storage
space.

Enhanced
Performance
Facilitates faster and
more efficient querying.
Normal Forms: 1NF
Eliminate repeating groups
1 Remove repeating data.

Atomic values
2 Each column must have indivisible values.

Separate table
3 Move repeating columns to a separate table.

For example, convert `Order (OrderID, CustomerID, Product1, Quantity1, Product2, Quantity2, ...)` to `Order
(OrderID, CustomerID)` and `OrderItem (OrderID, ProductID, Quantity)`.
Normal Forms: 2NF
1 Must be in 1NF
Start with a database in 1NF.

2 Composite key
Applies to tables with composite primary keys.

3 Eliminate partial dependency


Remove data that depends on only part of the key.

For example, if `OrderItem (OrderID, ProductID, ProductName,


ProductPrice, Quantity)` has a primary key of (OrderID, ProductID),
move `ProductName` and `ProductPrice` to a separate `Product`
table.
Normal Forms: 3NF
Must be in 2NF No dependency on
key
Ensure that the table
adheres to 2NF. Columns depend on the
primary key.

Eliminate dependencies
A transitive dependency must be removed.

For example, if `Customer (CustomerID, CustomerName,


CustomerAddress, CustomerCity, CustomerState, CustomerZip)`,
move `City` and `State` to a `ZipCode` table.
Normal Forms: BCNF

A is superkey
2

A -> B 1

Stricter than 3NF


3

For every dependency A -> B, A must be a superkey. Addresses cases 3NF doesn't cover, particularly when multiple
candidate keys exist. BCNF is a stricter form of 3NF.
Conclusion
Crucial Aspect Improves Data
Normalization is a crucial It improves data integrity,
aspect of database design. reduces redundancy, and
enhances performance.

Understanding Forms
Understanding normal forms is essential.
THANK YOU

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