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A Methodology and Tool Support for Widget-based Web Application Development

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Nicolaescu Petru
Nicolaescu Petru

Slides of the 15th International Conference for Web Engineering (ICWE15). How to widgetize applications for achieving collaborative mashups and near real-time features

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Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-1 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. A Methodology and Tool Support for Widget-based Web Application Development Petru Nicolaescu and Ralf Klamma RWTH Aachen University Advanced Community Information Systems (ACIS) {nicolaescu,klamma}@dbis.rwth-aachen.de
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-2 Responsive Open Community Information Systems Community Visualization and Simulation Community Analytics Community Support WebAnalytics WebEngineering Advanced Community Information Systems (ACIS) Requirements Engineering
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-3 Widgetizing Methodology  Initial feedback collected from the widget developer community on Usability, Architecture and Collaboration (beginning 2014)  Empirical studies & laboratory experiments conducted to compare widget applications and traditional applications  Methodology principles & prototype constructed correspondingly (February – July 2014)  Evaluated using widget developers (August – September 2014)  Collaborative editor for real-time modeling and community application generation (ongoing)
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-4 Agenda  Motivation & background  Requirements  Widgetizing methodology  Evaluation  Conclusions and outlook
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-5 Context  Communities of Practice (CoPs) – Continuously elicit requirements – Develop/evolve/change the community software landscape (e.g. for an informal learning practice)  Community information systems (CIS) – Developer & community end user support – Near real-time collaboration – Sound approaches/support for developers (e.g. easy design, prototyping) for CIS tools – User centric development – Heterogeneity given by community type, devices, usage, etc.
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-6 Paradigm Shift in the Web: From Server-Side to Client-Side Web Requirements • Scalable • Customizable • Reusable • Collaborative • Near realtime • … Infrastructure (P2P, Cloud) (Micro) Services (REST) Frontends Server-side Architecture / Components Client-side Architectural choices Methodologies User Guidance Rapid Prototyping Abstraction/Modeling Collaborative editing
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-7 Methodological Support for Engineering Collaborative Web Apps  Methodology for turning existing Web applications into real-time collaborative Web-applications  Examples used as “pilot study”: semantic video annotation, modeling SeViAnno 1.0 Single-user & Non-collaborative SeViAnno 2.0 (widget-based) Multi-user & Collaborative widgetizing
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-8 Related Work Mashup Advisor [EIA*08] PLE Dimensions [PSB*09] Merging PLEs [CGA*11] Widget Telecom. [WuKr10] Business Process Personalization Widgets [LBC10] Widgetizing Methodology IWC Multi-user + (semantic matcher, single user) - + (SOA Integration, cross-browser) + only for end-user level, single user + (event modeling) Collaboration - mentions potential - (only communication, sync) - + (global events) Guideline (recommend- dations) + (mapping of dimensions) - + (steps of identification) - + (step-by-step guideline) Feedback - - - (increased reusability) - + (CI, feedback platform) Redesign - (considerable) merging 0 - + (widgetizing) General + (repository manager) + (valid for all PLEs) - + (general IWC framework) (only business process) + (many possible cases) Prototype + (advisor tool) - - + (widget implementation) + (widget aggregator) + (assisting redesign tool)  Model Driven Engineering: “Separation of concerns” [ScKo06]: – Frontend & backend layer model, content and navigation model – Examples: – OOHDM [ScRo98], WebML [CFBo00], UWE [KoKr02]
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-9 Widgetizing Methodology  Initial feedback collected from the widget developer community on Usability, Architecture and Collaboration  Empirical studies & laboratory experiments conducted to compare widget applications and traditional applications  Methodology principles & prototype constructed correspondingly  Evaluated using widget developers
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-11 Widgetizing Methodology: Example  Identification of widgets based on HTML5 Elements  E.g. Micro-service for annotating an object in SeViAnno1.0
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-12 Application Model  Space is the living place where widgets reside  Space -conceptual component for providing shared functionality – IWC / NRT Updates – User management – Device distribution – Shared editing / synchronization capabilities – State preservation
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-13 RESTful Micro-service Architecture Componentization of Services and Resources  Instance of a widgetized architecture
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-14  + overview of existing widgets and their dependencies Widgetizing Prototype
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-15 ROLE & LAS2peer  ROLE Interoperability Framework – Realization of a PLE as Web widget space – Login functionality / (frontend-)user management – Basic awareness support (“Who is member/online”) – Supports inter-widget communication  LAS2peer – Node within community infrastructure – Peer-to-Peer functionality – RESTful service access – Strong community feature support – User management, group support, agent to agent messaging – Perfect for Microservice approach 15
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-16 Implementation Step Usability Requirements in Widgetizing  Critical usability points:
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-17 Feedback Cycle Improving Widget Applications  Use of feedback platforms (Requirements Bazaar) – Continuous improvement – Adopt constant changes and requirements – Integration with the developers' workspace – Community-awareness, custom prioritizing of needs – Participatory design
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-18 Evaluation  2-steps evaluation (19 online + 9 f2f with developers)  Modeling, automating and code generation useful + limitations: compatibility (PL), security, NRT collaboration
Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-19 Conclusions and Outlook  Methodology for widgetizing applications  Oriented towards developers and end-users  Guide for application (re)engineering  Community support functions during widgetizing – Nudges, automatic scraping of content  Integration with the Yjs framework  Use collaborative modeling to support the process – Integrate with SyncMeta NRT modeling framework Future Work

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A Methodology and Tool Support for Widget-based Web Application Development

  • 1. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-1 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. A Methodology and Tool Support for Widget-based Web Application Development Petru Nicolaescu and Ralf Klamma RWTH Aachen University Advanced Community Information Systems (ACIS) {nicolaescu,klamma}@dbis.rwth-aachen.de
  • 2. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-2 Responsive Open Community Information Systems Community Visualization and Simulation Community Analytics Community Support WebAnalytics WebEngineering Advanced Community Information Systems (ACIS) Requirements Engineering
  • 3. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-3 Widgetizing Methodology  Initial feedback collected from the widget developer community on Usability, Architecture and Collaboration (beginning 2014)  Empirical studies & laboratory experiments conducted to compare widget applications and traditional applications  Methodology principles & prototype constructed correspondingly (February – July 2014)  Evaluated using widget developers (August – September 2014)  Collaborative editor for real-time modeling and community application generation (ongoing)
  • 4. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-4 Agenda  Motivation & background  Requirements  Widgetizing methodology  Evaluation  Conclusions and outlook
  • 5. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-5 Context  Communities of Practice (CoPs) – Continuously elicit requirements – Develop/evolve/change the community software landscape (e.g. for an informal learning practice)  Community information systems (CIS) – Developer & community end user support – Near real-time collaboration – Sound approaches/support for developers (e.g. easy design, prototyping) for CIS tools – User centric development – Heterogeneity given by community type, devices, usage, etc.
  • 6. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-6 Paradigm Shift in the Web: From Server-Side to Client-Side Web Requirements • Scalable • Customizable • Reusable • Collaborative • Near realtime • … Infrastructure (P2P, Cloud) (Micro) Services (REST) Frontends Server-side Architecture / Components Client-side Architectural choices Methodologies User Guidance Rapid Prototyping Abstraction/Modeling Collaborative editing
  • 7. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-7 Methodological Support for Engineering Collaborative Web Apps  Methodology for turning existing Web applications into real-time collaborative Web-applications  Examples used as “pilot study”: semantic video annotation, modeling SeViAnno 1.0 Single-user & Non-collaborative SeViAnno 2.0 (widget-based) Multi-user & Collaborative widgetizing
  • 8. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-8 Related Work Mashup Advisor [EIA*08] PLE Dimensions [PSB*09] Merging PLEs [CGA*11] Widget Telecom. [WuKr10] Business Process Personalization Widgets [LBC10] Widgetizing Methodology IWC Multi-user + (semantic matcher, single user) - + (SOA Integration, cross-browser) + only for end-user level, single user + (event modeling) Collaboration - mentions potential - (only communication, sync) - + (global events) Guideline (recommend- dations) + (mapping of dimensions) - + (steps of identification) - + (step-by-step guideline) Feedback - - - (increased reusability) - + (CI, feedback platform) Redesign - (considerable) merging 0 - + (widgetizing) General + (repository manager) + (valid for all PLEs) - + (general IWC framework) (only business process) + (many possible cases) Prototype + (advisor tool) - - + (widget implementation) + (widget aggregator) + (assisting redesign tool)  Model Driven Engineering: “Separation of concerns” [ScKo06]: – Frontend & backend layer model, content and navigation model – Examples: – OOHDM [ScRo98], WebML [CFBo00], UWE [KoKr02]
  • 9. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-9 Widgetizing Methodology  Initial feedback collected from the widget developer community on Usability, Architecture and Collaboration  Empirical studies & laboratory experiments conducted to compare widget applications and traditional applications  Methodology principles & prototype constructed correspondingly  Evaluated using widget developers
  • 10. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-11 Widgetizing Methodology: Example  Identification of widgets based on HTML5 Elements  E.g. Micro-service for annotating an object in SeViAnno1.0
  • 11. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-12 Application Model  Space is the living place where widgets reside  Space -conceptual component for providing shared functionality – IWC / NRT Updates – User management – Device distribution – Shared editing / synchronization capabilities – State preservation
  • 12. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-13 RESTful Micro-service Architecture Componentization of Services and Resources  Instance of a widgetized architecture
  • 13. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-14  + overview of existing widgets and their dependencies Widgetizing Prototype
  • 14. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-15 ROLE & LAS2peer  ROLE Interoperability Framework – Realization of a PLE as Web widget space – Login functionality / (frontend-)user management – Basic awareness support (“Who is member/online”) – Supports inter-widget communication  LAS2peer – Node within community infrastructure – Peer-to-Peer functionality – RESTful service access – Strong community feature support – User management, group support, agent to agent messaging – Perfect for Microservice approach 15
  • 15. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-16 Implementation Step Usability Requirements in Widgetizing  Critical usability points:
  • 16. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-17 Feedback Cycle Improving Widget Applications  Use of feedback platforms (Requirements Bazaar) – Continuous improvement – Adopt constant changes and requirements – Integration with the developers' workspace – Community-awareness, custom prioritizing of needs – Participatory design
  • 17. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-18 Evaluation  2-steps evaluation (19 online + 9 f2f with developers)  Modeling, automating and code generation useful + limitations: compatibility (PL), security, NRT collaboration
  • 18. Lehrstuhl Informatik 5 (Information Systems) Prof. Dr. M. Jarke I5-NiKl-0615-19 Conclusions and Outlook  Methodology for widgetizing applications  Oriented towards developers and end-users  Guide for application (re)engineering  Community support functions during widgetizing – Nudges, automatic scraping of content  Integration with the Yjs framework  Use collaborative modeling to support the process – Integrate with SyncMeta NRT modeling framework Future Work