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Similar to An age in years of a particular individual which reaches or surpasses the average life span of human being. Elderly is the individual over 65 years old who have functional impairment..pptx
Similar to An age in years of a particular individual which reaches or surpasses the average life span of human being. Elderly is the individual over 65 years old who have functional impairment..pptx (20)
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An age in years of a particular individual which reaches or surpasses the average life span of human being. Elderly is the individual over 65 years old who have functional impairment..pptx
- 2. INTRODUCTION A man’s life is normally divided into five main stages Infancy Childhood Adolescence Adulthood Old age In all these stages an individual has to find himself in different situations and face different problems.
- 3. DEFINITION Old age An age in years of a particular individual which reaches or surpasses the average life span of human being. Elderly is the individual over 65 years old who have functional impairment.
- 4. DEFINITION Greek: gerus = old age iatrea = treatment • Geriatrics: A branch of medicine that deals with the problems and diseases of old age and aging people. • Gerontology: Comprehensive study of aging and the problems of the aged. • Old age: Period of life when impairment of physical and mental functions becomes increasingly manifested in comparison to the previous years of life.
- 6. THE PROCESS OF AGING Consider the biological, social, and psychological changes in aging
- 7. PHASES OF AGING • Young-old (approximately 65–74), • Middle-old (ages 75–84) • Old-old (over age 85)
- 8. CONT… • Today’s young-old age group is generally happier, healthier, and financially better off than the young-old of previous generations. In the United States, people are better able to prepare for aging because resources are more widely available.
- 9. THE PROCESS OF AGING The process of aging is a lifelong process and entails maturation and change on physical, psychological, and social levels.
- 10. AGING CYCLE
- 11. BIOLOGICAL CHANGES • Each person experiences age-related changes based on many factors. Biological factors such as molecular and cellular changes are called primary aging, while aging that occurs due to controllable factors such as lack of physical exercise and poor diet is called secondary aging. • Most people begin to see signs of aging after age 50, when they notice the physical markers of age. Skin becomes thinner, drier, and less elastic. Wrinkles form. Hair begins to thin and gray. Men prone to balding start losing hair. The difficulty or relative ease with which people adapt to these changes is dependent in part on the meaning given to aging by their particular culture.
- 12. BIOLOGICAL CHANGES A culture that values youthfulness and beauty above all else leads to a negative perception of growing old. Conversely, a culture that reveres the elderly for their life experience and wisdom contributes to a more positive perception of what it means to grow old.
- 13. BIOLOGICAL CHANGES He effects of aging can feel daunting, and sometimes the fear of physical changes (like declining energy, food sensitivity, and loss of hearing and vision) is more challenging to deal with than the changes themselves. The way people perceive physical aging is largely dependent on how they were socialized. If people can accept the changes in their bodies as a natural process of aging, the changes will not seem as frightening.
- 14. SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES Retirement—the idea that one may stop working at a certain age—is a relatively recent idea. Up until the late 19th century, people worked about 60 hours a week and did so until they were physically incapable of continuing. In the 21st century, most people hope that at some point they will be able to stop working and enjoy the fruits of their labor.
- 15. PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES IN OLD AGE • Life Satisfaction • Loneliness • Adjustment and Well-being • Cognitive Changes
- 16. DEATH AND DYING For many teenagers and young adults, losing a grandparent or another older relative can be the first loss of a loved one they experience. It may be their first encounter with grief, a psychological, emotional, and social response to the feelings of loss that accompanies death or a similar event.
- 17. DEATH AND DYING Some may look upon death as the natural conclusion to a long, fruitful life, others may find the prospect of dying frightening to contemplate. People tend to have strong resistance to the idea of their own death, and strong emotional reactions of loss to the death of loved ones.
- 18. CHALLENGES FACING THE ELDERLY • Poverty • less income • Stress • Emotions • Family issues • Mistreatment and Abuse • Weakness
- 19. 4 SIMPLE RULES FOR ELDERLY DIET • Divide the daily food intake into 3 to 4 small meals. • Should eat foods like fruits, vegetables, which needs some chewing. • Advice them to take foods containing fibres like course cereals & vegetables. • Avoid fatty foods.
- 20. MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE & EMPOWERMENT (NODAL MINISTRY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE WELFARE OF THE AGED) • National policy on older persons – January 1999 – aims to strengthen their legitimate place in society and help older people to live the last phase of their life with purpose, dignity and peace. – provides a broad framework for inter sectoral collaboration and cooperation both within the government as well as between government and non-governmental agencies.
- 21. IDENTIFIED A NUMBER OF AREAS OF INTERVENTION Areas of intervention Financial security Health care and nutrition Shelter Education Welfare Protection of life and property etc
- 22. NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR OLDER PERSONS • Chairperson of the Minister of State for Social Justice and Empowerment (1999) • To operationalise the National Policy on Older Persons. • Esignated office for receiving suggestions, complaints and grievances from individual older persons.
- 23. SCHEMES OF THE MINISTRY • Scheme of Assistance to Panchayati Raj Institutions/Voluntary Organizations/ Self Help Groups for construction of old age homes/multi service centres for older persons – Up to 90% of the cost of the project indicated in the scheme will be provided by the Government of India and the remaining shall be borne by the organization/ institution concerned.
- 24. OLD AGE PENSION FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC • Indira Gandhi national old age pension scheme (IGNOAPS) • 19th November, 2007 • All BPL families • All persons of 65 years or above • Central Assistance at the rate of Rs. 200-300 per month per beneficiary.
- 25. ANNAPURNA Free food grains (wheat or rice) upto 10 Kg. Per month are provided to older persons 65 years or above who are otherwise eligible for old age pension under the National Old Age Pension Scheme,but are not receiving it.
- 26. • Insurance schemes Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana • 1st April 2008 • To provide health insurance coverage for BPL families.
- 27. VARISTHA MEDICLAIM POLICY • Covers hospitalization and domiciliary hospitalization expenses • Expenses for treatment of critical illnesses • Coronary artery surgery, cancer, renal failure, stroke, multiple sclerosis and major organ transplants. Paralysis and blindness are covered at extra premium.
- 28. PREVENTION • Primordial prevention • Pre geriatric care • Regular & moderate physical activity • Optimum nutrition • Abstain from smoking & alcohol avoid self medication • Making hobbies of reading, writing, listening to music • Financial security in adulthood itself –OASIS (Old age social & income security.
- 29. ROLE OF NURSE