Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine
Bio-Psycho Social-Spiritual Model
In all our teaching, we invite students to conceptualize patient problems by using a bio-psycho-social-spiritual
formulation. This model is used throughout our curriculum in psychiatry. We ultimately want students to arrive
at patient formulations that allow for understanding and drive formation of treatment plan. Formulations help
explain "how did this patient get to this psychiatric status?"
What follows is a description of the components of the bio-psycho-social-spiritual formulation. We have
added prompts for the students to help them think about and organize clinical material. Students are
encouraged to include each component in formulations.
This model generally includes the following:
Biological
Past
Genetics:
Consider whether any blood relatives that have had psychiatric problems, substance use problems or
suicide attempts/suicides. Is there a history of close relatives who have been hospitalized for
psychiatric reasons? What kind of treatments did they get, how did they respond?
History of Pregnancy and Birth:
Consider pregnancy variables: Was there in-utero exposure to nicotine, alcohol, medications or
substances? Anything unusual about pregnancy?
Note birth complications, such as prematurity, birth trauma or extended periods of hospitalization.
Relevant Previous Illnesses
Consider any history of head injury, endocrine disorders (e.g. thyroid, adrenal), seizures, malignancies,
or neurological illnesses.
Consider potential lasting effects of past substance use on brain functions such as cognition, affective
regulation, etc.
Present
Current Illnesses:
Identify current illnesses and any direct impact they may have on psychiatric presentation.
Medications:
Assess current medication regimen. Consider whether these medications have psychoactive effects
(e.g. steroids, beta blockers, pain medications, benzodiazepines, SSRI's, antipsychotics). Consider
possible side effects of current medications.
Substances:
Consider the influence of nicotine, alcohol and street drugs on current psychiatric symptoms.
Consider the possible effects of substance withdrawal.
Psychological
Past
Comment on any past history of trauma (child abuse, combat, rape, serious illness), as well as resiliency
(how the patient coped with trauma, e.g. friends, family, religion).
Consider the sources of positive self image and positive role models.
Comment on the patient's experience with loss.
Comment on the patient's quality of relationships with important figures, such as grand parents, friends,
significant teachers, or significant employers.
Comment on how past medical problems, substance use or psychiatric problems impacted the
patient's development and their relevance to patient today.
Present
Describe the recent events and experiences that precipitated the admission or appointment.
What are the current stressors? Do they.
1. Psychology is relevant to everyday life as everything we do, think, feel and respond to involves psychology. There are many branches of psychology including clinical, health, forensic, educational and organizational psychology.
2. With the rise of diseases, social issues, and mortality from psychological suffering, there is an increased need for psychologists across many professions. Psychologists help people learn effective social interaction and understand their internal world to channel energy positively.
3. One important role of psychologists is in clinical settings like hospitals and clinics where they evaluate, test, and treat patients suffering from psychological disorders. Treatment varies depending on the case but may include therapy, counseling, and skills training.
This document discusses the importance of mental health, specifically for children and students. It argues that schools should make student mental health a stronger focus by educating students on mental health, providing safe places for students to seek help, and encouraging students to monitor and maintain their mental wellness. The document cites statistics showing that many children experience mental illness and notes that mental health is an important part of overall well-being. It aims to persuade the reader that high schools need to prioritize mental health education and support to create a positive environment where students feel comfortable seeking help.
This document provides an agenda and overview for a 6-week online learning series on co-occurring disorders. Week 1 will introduce the series, discuss the need for understanding co-occurring disorders, and preview upcoming topics. Participants will be asked to complete a learning activity by reading an article on co-occurring substance use and mental disorders and considering discussion questions. The document provides context on co-occurring disorders prevalence, screening tools, treatment approaches, and impacts on mortality to emphasize the importance of the topic.
This document provides an overview of the role of an occupational therapist in an acute 34-bed mental health unit. The OT assists clients to maximize their independence in daily activities and life roles by assessing how their mental illness impacts functioning. The OT's duties include participating in clinical reviews, conducting assessments, providing individual interventions such as skill-building groups, and coordinating discharge planning. The recovery program run by the OT incorporates psychoeducation, health promotion, and recreational groups to support clients' recovery progress.
Diagnostic Worksheet Patient’s name age Give full name and.docx
Diagnostic Worksheet
Patient’s name/ age: Give full name and age
Summary of Pertinent Case Features
Presenting Problem: What did the patient report was the issue when coming to therapy? Did anyone
bring the patient or require/ recommend that he come? If so, why? What are the issues in the patient’s
life and how would he like them addressed? Does the patient have a goal in mind? Do not list a diagnosis
in this area. This should be the most detailed section.
Medical History: List any past or current major medical problems (past surgeries, stroke, diabetes, etc.) If
there is none, write, “none noted.”
History of Mental Illness: List the patient’s and/ or family’s history of mental illness. If there is none,
write, “none noted.”
History of substance use/ addiction: List substances that the patient is currently using and/ or addicted
to, as well as frequency and amount of use. If currently not using, describe patient’s history of past use or
abuse, or lack thereof. If the patient does not currently use alcohol or drugs, and has no history of doing
so, write “none noted.”
Stressors in past year: What is currently causing stress in this patient’s life? Symptoms of the disorder do
not constitute stressors. You may choose to be specific (“Patient’s wife has threatened to leave him due
to his having an affair with an ex-girlfriend.”) or general (“Marital problems”). Of course, the more
specific descriptions give a better overall picture. Consider stressors in all areas of life: social support,
occupational, educational, legal, financial, grief, interpersonal conflict, etc.
Safety assessment: Address suicidal and homicidal ideation. Address any issues that may present danger
(eg. Violence, neglect of children, inability to care for one’s self, etc.) If the patient has no current
suicidal/ homicidal thoughts or behaviors, write, “denies suicidal/ homicidal ideation.”
Appearance/ behavior: Discuss how the patient looks (appearance) and how he is acting (behavior).
Suggestions include addressing hygiene (well-groomed, unkempt, lacking hygiene, etc.), dress
(disheveled, well-dressed, wrinkled clothing, etc.), overall impression (cooperative, polite, demanding,
guarded, etc.)
Thought Processes: Make note of any unusual thought processes (delusional, obsessive, paranoid, etc.)
or note if thoughts are coherent/ logical. Using good/ fair/ poor as indicators, address both quality of
insight (ability to understand self) and judgment (ability to make appropriate decisions).
Mood/ Affect: Mood refers to the patient’s emotional expression via their words and affect refers to
emotional expression via action (facial expressions, etc.) Address both. Note if mood and affect seem
contradictory (incongruent mood/ affect).
Intellectual Functioning: Assess their intelligence (high/ average/ low). Intelligence is unchanged by
symptoms of a disorder, level of consciousness, education level, or age. It is generally safe to assume
average i ...
This document provides a subject guide on mental health resources. It includes 8 sections that explore resources for (1) an introduction to mental health, (2) youth, (3) parents and caregivers, (4) veterans, (5) seniors, (6) LGBTQIA individuals, (7) interpersonal relationships, and (8) treatments and therapies. Each section lists several book, website, video and article resources and provides brief annotations of each resource to help patrons learn about and explore different aspects of mental health. The guide is intended for public library patrons to aid in research on mental health topics.
Discuss how a successful organization should have the followin.docx
Discuss how a successful organization should have the following layers of security in place for the protection of its operations: information security management, data security, and network security.
Multiple Layers of Security
Marlowe Rooks posted Mar 13, 2020 9:54 AM
Looking at Vacca”s book chapter 1, “Information security management as a field is ever increasing in demand and responsibility because most organizations spend increasingly larger percentages of their IT budgets in attempting to manage risk and mitigate intrusions, not to mention the trend in many enterprises of moving all IT operations to an Internet-connected infrastructure, known as enterprise cloud computing (John R. Vacca, 2014)”. It is the organization responsibility to protect its business and its client information at all times. With that said I’m going to break down why companies need to have multiple layers of security and what types they should implement below.
The first layer is Information security management which can be from Physical Security, or Personnel Security. Physical Security can range from physical items, objects, or areas from unauthorized access and misuse. Personnel Security is to protect the individual or group of individuals who are authorized to access the organization and its operations. Some of the reason to implement Information Security is as follow:
· Decrease in downtime of IT systems
· Decrease in security related incidents
· Increase in meeting an organization's compliance requirements and standards
· Increase in customer satisfaction, demonstrating that security issues are tackled in the most appropriate manner
· Increase in quality of service
· Process approach adoption, which helps account for all legal and regulatory requirements
· More easily identifiable and managed risks
· Also covers information security (IS) (in addition to IT information security)
· Provides a competitive edge to an organization with the help of tackling risks and managing resources/processes
The second layer would be Data Security which can be refers to the process of protecting data from unauthorized access and data corruption throughout its lifecycle. Data security includes data encryption, tokenization, and key management practices that protect data across all applications and platforms. Some of the reason to implement Data Security is as follow:
· Cloud access security – Protection platform that allows you to move to the cloud securely while protecting data in cloud applications.
· Data encryption – Data-centric and tokenization security solutions that protect data across enterprise, cloud, mobile and big data environments.
· Web Browser Security - Protects sensitive data captured at the browser, from the point the customer enters cardholder or personal data, and keeps it protected through the ecosystem to the trusted host destination.
· Mobile App Security - Protecting sensitive data in native mobile apps while safeguarding the data end-to-end.
· eMai.
Discuss how portrayals of violence in different media may affect hum.docx
Discuss how portrayals of violence in different media may affect human behavior
Describe a key piece of research by Albert Bandura and colleagues into children’s imitation of violent
acts
Outline why findings of associations between events and behaviour do not provide conclusive evidence
of cause-and-effect relationships
Outline how and why experiments can identify causes of behavior
Summarise the findings of psychological research into the topic of media violence and behavior
Outline the policies designed to protect children from negative effects of screen violence.\
400 Words
APA
well cited
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Culture influences both physical and psychological health through lifestyle behaviors and stress levels, shapes how individuals perceive and understand health issues, and impacts health decision-making processes based on cultural norms and beliefs. Personal experiences with different cultural approaches to health can provide insights. Research from scholarly sources can help illustrate these cultural influences on health.
Psychiatry history taking and mental state examination [autosaved]Ravi Paul
The document discusses the importance of obtaining a thorough psychiatric history from patients. It outlines the key components of a psychiatric history, including identifying data, chief complaint, history of present illness, past psychiatric history, medical history, family history, developmental history, and mental status examination. The psychiatric history allows psychiatrists to understand who the patient is, where they have come from, and where they are likely to go in the future by gathering details about their life experiences, current issues, and mental state.
Orientation:
Person, Place, Time & Situation.
Memory:
Immediate, Recent & Remote.
Intelligence & Cognition:
Level of Consciousness, Attention,
Concentration, Calculation, General Knowledge,
Judgment & Insight.
The patient's awareness of his or her illness &
need for treatment.
1. Psychology is relevant to everyday life as everything we do, think, feel and respond to involves psychology. There are many branches of psychology including clinical, health, forensic, educational and organizational psychology.
2. With the rise of diseases, social issues, and mortality from psychological suffering, there is an increased need for psychologists across many professions. Psychologists help people learn effective social interaction and understand their internal world to channel energy positively.
3. One important role of psychologists is in clinical settings like hospitals and clinics where they evaluate, test, and treat patients suffering from psychological disorders. Treatment varies depending on the case but may include therapy, counseling, and skills training.
This document discusses the importance of mental health, specifically for children and students. It argues that schools should make student mental health a stronger focus by educating students on mental health, providing safe places for students to seek help, and encouraging students to monitor and maintain their mental wellness. The document cites statistics showing that many children experience mental illness and notes that mental health is an important part of overall well-being. It aims to persuade the reader that high schools need to prioritize mental health education and support to create a positive environment where students feel comfortable seeking help.
This document provides an agenda and overview for a 6-week online learning series on co-occurring disorders. Week 1 will introduce the series, discuss the need for understanding co-occurring disorders, and preview upcoming topics. Participants will be asked to complete a learning activity by reading an article on co-occurring substance use and mental disorders and considering discussion questions. The document provides context on co-occurring disorders prevalence, screening tools, treatment approaches, and impacts on mortality to emphasize the importance of the topic.
This document provides an overview of the role of an occupational therapist in an acute 34-bed mental health unit. The OT assists clients to maximize their independence in daily activities and life roles by assessing how their mental illness impacts functioning. The OT's duties include participating in clinical reviews, conducting assessments, providing individual interventions such as skill-building groups, and coordinating discharge planning. The recovery program run by the OT incorporates psychoeducation, health promotion, and recreational groups to support clients' recovery progress.
Diagnostic Worksheet Patient’s name age Give full name and.docxcuddietheresa
Diagnostic Worksheet
Patient’s name/ age: Give full name and age
Summary of Pertinent Case Features
Presenting Problem: What did the patient report was the issue when coming to therapy? Did anyone
bring the patient or require/ recommend that he come? If so, why? What are the issues in the patient’s
life and how would he like them addressed? Does the patient have a goal in mind? Do not list a diagnosis
in this area. This should be the most detailed section.
Medical History: List any past or current major medical problems (past surgeries, stroke, diabetes, etc.) If
there is none, write, “none noted.”
History of Mental Illness: List the patient’s and/ or family’s history of mental illness. If there is none,
write, “none noted.”
History of substance use/ addiction: List substances that the patient is currently using and/ or addicted
to, as well as frequency and amount of use. If currently not using, describe patient’s history of past use or
abuse, or lack thereof. If the patient does not currently use alcohol or drugs, and has no history of doing
so, write “none noted.”
Stressors in past year: What is currently causing stress in this patient’s life? Symptoms of the disorder do
not constitute stressors. You may choose to be specific (“Patient’s wife has threatened to leave him due
to his having an affair with an ex-girlfriend.”) or general (“Marital problems”). Of course, the more
specific descriptions give a better overall picture. Consider stressors in all areas of life: social support,
occupational, educational, legal, financial, grief, interpersonal conflict, etc.
Safety assessment: Address suicidal and homicidal ideation. Address any issues that may present danger
(eg. Violence, neglect of children, inability to care for one’s self, etc.) If the patient has no current
suicidal/ homicidal thoughts or behaviors, write, “denies suicidal/ homicidal ideation.”
Appearance/ behavior: Discuss how the patient looks (appearance) and how he is acting (behavior).
Suggestions include addressing hygiene (well-groomed, unkempt, lacking hygiene, etc.), dress
(disheveled, well-dressed, wrinkled clothing, etc.), overall impression (cooperative, polite, demanding,
guarded, etc.)
Thought Processes: Make note of any unusual thought processes (delusional, obsessive, paranoid, etc.)
or note if thoughts are coherent/ logical. Using good/ fair/ poor as indicators, address both quality of
insight (ability to understand self) and judgment (ability to make appropriate decisions).
Mood/ Affect: Mood refers to the patient’s emotional expression via their words and affect refers to
emotional expression via action (facial expressions, etc.) Address both. Note if mood and affect seem
contradictory (incongruent mood/ affect).
Intellectual Functioning: Assess their intelligence (high/ average/ low). Intelligence is unchanged by
symptoms of a disorder, level of consciousness, education level, or age. It is generally safe to assume
average i ...
This document provides a subject guide on mental health resources. It includes 8 sections that explore resources for (1) an introduction to mental health, (2) youth, (3) parents and caregivers, (4) veterans, (5) seniors, (6) LGBTQIA individuals, (7) interpersonal relationships, and (8) treatments and therapies. Each section lists several book, website, video and article resources and provides brief annotations of each resource to help patrons learn about and explore different aspects of mental health. The guide is intended for public library patrons to aid in research on mental health topics.
Similar to Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity o.docx (12)
Discuss how a successful organization should have the followin.docxsalmonpybus
Discuss how a successful organization should have the following layers of security in place for the protection of its operations: information security management, data security, and network security.
Multiple Layers of Security
Marlowe Rooks posted Mar 13, 2020 9:54 AM
Looking at Vacca”s book chapter 1, “Information security management as a field is ever increasing in demand and responsibility because most organizations spend increasingly larger percentages of their IT budgets in attempting to manage risk and mitigate intrusions, not to mention the trend in many enterprises of moving all IT operations to an Internet-connected infrastructure, known as enterprise cloud computing (John R. Vacca, 2014)”. It is the organization responsibility to protect its business and its client information at all times. With that said I’m going to break down why companies need to have multiple layers of security and what types they should implement below.
The first layer is Information security management which can be from Physical Security, or Personnel Security. Physical Security can range from physical items, objects, or areas from unauthorized access and misuse. Personnel Security is to protect the individual or group of individuals who are authorized to access the organization and its operations. Some of the reason to implement Information Security is as follow:
· Decrease in downtime of IT systems
· Decrease in security related incidents
· Increase in meeting an organization's compliance requirements and standards
· Increase in customer satisfaction, demonstrating that security issues are tackled in the most appropriate manner
· Increase in quality of service
· Process approach adoption, which helps account for all legal and regulatory requirements
· More easily identifiable and managed risks
· Also covers information security (IS) (in addition to IT information security)
· Provides a competitive edge to an organization with the help of tackling risks and managing resources/processes
The second layer would be Data Security which can be refers to the process of protecting data from unauthorized access and data corruption throughout its lifecycle. Data security includes data encryption, tokenization, and key management practices that protect data across all applications and platforms. Some of the reason to implement Data Security is as follow:
· Cloud access security – Protection platform that allows you to move to the cloud securely while protecting data in cloud applications.
· Data encryption – Data-centric and tokenization security solutions that protect data across enterprise, cloud, mobile and big data environments.
· Web Browser Security - Protects sensitive data captured at the browser, from the point the customer enters cardholder or personal data, and keeps it protected through the ecosystem to the trusted host destination.
· Mobile App Security - Protecting sensitive data in native mobile apps while safeguarding the data end-to-end.
· eMai.
Discuss how portrayals of violence in different media may affect hum.docxsalmonpybus
Discuss how portrayals of violence in different media may affect human behavior
Describe a key piece of research by Albert Bandura and colleagues into children’s imitation of violent
acts
Outline why findings of associations between events and behaviour do not provide conclusive evidence
of cause-and-effect relationships
Outline how and why experiments can identify causes of behavior
Summarise the findings of psychological research into the topic of media violence and behavior
Outline the policies designed to protect children from negative effects of screen violence.\
400 Words
APA
well cited
.
Discuss how culture affects health physical and psychological healt.docxsalmonpybus
Culture influences both physical and psychological health through lifestyle behaviors and stress levels, shapes how individuals perceive and understand health issues, and impacts health decision-making processes based on cultural norms and beliefs. Personal experiences with different cultural approaches to health can provide insights. Research from scholarly sources can help illustrate these cultural influences on health.
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AI Risk Management: ISO/IEC 42001, the EU AI Act, and ISO/IEC 23894PECB
As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, understanding the complexities and regulations regarding AI risk management is more crucial than ever.
Amongst others, the webinar covers:
• ISO/IEC 42001 standard, which provides guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving AI management systems within organizations
• insights into the European Union's landmark legislative proposal aimed at regulating AI
• framework and methodologies prescribed by ISO/IEC 23894 for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with AI systems
Presenters:
Miriama Podskubova - Attorney at Law
Miriama is a seasoned lawyer with over a decade of experience. She specializes in commercial law, focusing on transactions, venture capital investments, IT, digital law, and cybersecurity, areas she was drawn to through her legal practice. Alongside preparing contract and project documentation, she ensures the correct interpretation and application of European legal regulations in these fields. Beyond client projects, she frequently speaks at conferences on cybersecurity, online privacy protection, and the increasingly pertinent topic of AI regulation. As a registered advocate of Slovak bar, certified data privacy professional in the European Union (CIPP/e) and a member of the international association ELA, she helps both tech-focused startups and entrepreneurs, as well as international chains, to properly set up their business operations.
Callum Wright - Founder and Lead Consultant Founder and Lead Consultant
Callum Wright is a seasoned cybersecurity, privacy and AI governance expert. With over a decade of experience, he has dedicated his career to protecting digital assets, ensuring data privacy, and establishing ethical AI governance frameworks. His diverse background includes significant roles in security architecture, AI governance, risk consulting, and privacy management across various industries, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: June 26, 2024
Tags: ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, EU AI Act, ISO/IEC 23894
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Principles of Rood’s Approach
Treatment technique used in physiotherapy for neurological patients which aids them to recover and improve quality of life
Facilitatory techniques
Inhibitory techniques
(T.L.E.) Agriculture: Essentials of GardeningMJDuyan
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Lesson Outcome:
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Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity o.docx
1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine
Bio-Psycho Social-Spiritual Model
In all our teaching, we invite students to conceptualize patient
problems by using a bio-psycho-social-spiritual
formulation. This model is used throughout our curriculum in
psychiatry. We ultimately want students to arrive
at patient formulations that allow for understanding and drive
formation of treatment plan. Formulations help
explain "how did this patient get to this psychiatric status?"
What follows is a description of the components of the bio-
psycho-social-spiritual formulation. We have
added prompts for the students to help them think about and
organize clinical material. Students are
encouraged to include each component in formulations.
This model generally includes the following:
Biological
Past
Genetics:
Consider whether any blood relatives that have had psychiatric
problems, substance use problems or
suicide attempts/suicides. Is there a history of close relatives
who have been hospitalized for
psychiatric reasons? What kind of treatments did they get, how
did they respond?
2. History of Pregnancy and Birth:
Consider pregnancy variables: Was there in-utero exposure to
nicotine, alcohol, medications or
substances? Anything unusual about pregnancy?
Note birth complications, such as prematurity, birth trauma or
extended periods of hospitalization.
Relevant Previous Illnesses
Consider any history of head injury, endocrine disorders (e.g.
thyroid, adrenal), seizures, malignancies,
or neurological illnesses.
Consider potential lasting effects of past substance use on brain
functions such as cognition, affective
regulation, etc.
Present
Current Illnesses:
Identify current illnesses and any direct impact they may have
on psychiatric presentation.
Medications:
Assess current medication regimen. Consider whether these
medications have psychoactive effects
(e.g. steroids, beta blockers, pain medications, benzodiazepines,
SSRI's, antipsychotics). Consider
possible side effects of current medications.
Substances:
Consider the influence of nicotine, alcohol and street drugs on
3. current psychiatric symptoms.
Consider the possible effects of substance withdrawal.
Psychological
Past
Comment on any past history of trauma (child abuse, combat,
rape, serious illness), as well as resiliency
(how the patient coped with trauma, e.g. friends, family,
religion).
Consider the sources of positive self image and positive role
models.
Comment on the patient's experience with loss.
Comment on the patient's quality of relationships with
important figures, such as grand parents, friends,
significant teachers, or significant employers.
Comment on how past medical problems, substance use or
psychiatric problems impacted the
patient's development and their relevance to patient today.
Present
Describe the recent events and experiences that precipitated the
admission or appointment.
What are the current stressors? Do they have any symbolic
meaning?
Assess and comment on coping skills, defense mechanisms,
presence or absence of cognitive
distortions.
Consider current developmental demands on the person, such as
marriage, divorce, birth, children
leaving home, loss, aging, etc. What stage of development is the
patient at now? Is it appropriate?
What is the developmental impact of the patient's illness?
Social
How adequate is the patient's current support system?
4. What is the current status of relationships with important
figures?
What are the possible peer influences?
Consider the patient's current housing arrangement.
Comment on vocational/financial status.
Comment on any relevant legal problems.
Consider the role of agencies (e.g. Veteran's Administration,
Child Protective Services, Criminal Justice
System) on the patient.
Comment on cultural influences that may impact the current
situation and that might impact treatment.
Spiritual
Comment on the role of spirituality in the patient's life. Is the
patient affiliated with a spiritual community
of some sort?
How does spirituality contribute to the patient's ability to hope,
their position on suicide if relevant, or
their contact with a supportive community?
Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual Model: Examples of Kinds of
Questions to ask During your Interviews
In the small groups and case presentations in this course, we
want students to acquire the skills that will help
you arrive at a useful bio-psycho-social-spiritual formulation.
This model is introduced in the first year and
used throughout our curriculum in psychiatry.
When you conduct your diagnostic interviews, you will want to
compile information that will allow you to
address the components of the bio-psycho-social-spiritual
model.
5. What follows is a description of the components of the bio-
psycho-social-spiritual formulation. We have
added cues to help you elicit relevant material. It is good to
start with open-ended questions in each section,
narrowing to closed-ended questions if the open-ended
questions do not elicit the relevant material.
Biological
Past
Genetics:
Tell me about any family history of psychiatric problems or
suicide attempts.
Tell me about any relatives that have been hospitalized for
psychiatric masons. Tell me about any
relatives that might have suffered from emotional problems.
How were they treated and how did they
respond to these treatments?
History of Pregnancy and Birth:
Tell me about the your mother's pregnancy with you. Do you
know if she smoked, drank, or used any
medications?
What have you been told about your actual birth? Were there
any birth complications?
Relevant Previous Illnesses:
Tell me about any major medical problems you have had in your
life. Have you had any history of head
injury, endocrine disorders (i.e. thyroid, adrenal), seizures,
malignancies or neurological illnesses?
Present
6. Current Illnesses:
Can you describe your health right now? Do you have any
illnesses right now? Do you worry that you
have something that has not been diagnosed?
Medications:
Tell me about the prescribed and non-prescribed medications
that you are taking? (Probe for
medications that have psychoactive effects, such as steroids,
beta blockers, pain medications,
benzodiazepines, SSRI's, Herbal remedies).
Substances:
Can you tell me about your use of alcohol or take street drugs?
(Probe for whether current substance
use could account for patient's psychiatric symptoms).
Psychological
Past
How were you treated as a child? (Probe for trauma as well as
evidence for family strengths).
Can you tell me about any trauma's you might have experienced
in life? (Probe for military/combat,
rape, violence, and serious illness).
Can you describe to me any losses you have experienced? How
did you cope with this?
Tell me about your relationships like with important figures,
such as parents, grandparents, friends,
significant teachers, or significant employers.
How have medical problems or psychiatric problems in your
7. past influenced your life today?
Present
Tell me about the recent events and experiences that bring you
here today?
How have you already tried to solve your problems? (Probe for
coping skills).
How do you usually cope with difficult life-situations? (Probe
for and observe defense mechanisms).
Tell me about how you are coping with marriage, divorce, birth,
children leaving home, loss aging, etc.
(The point here is to get a sense of what is being demanded of
the person at this time,
developmentally).
How do current medical problems or psychiatric problems
influence your life today?
Social
Tell me about who you tum to if you need help. Do you have
friends or family you can turn to if you need
help?
Tell me about who you rely on for company, support, and fun.
Do you have friends or family that you
can rely on for company, support, and fun?
Currently, describe the kind of social life that you have? How
often do you get together with people you
can relate to, and do you enjoy it?
When you were feeling better, describe the kind of social life
you had. How often did you get together
with people you could relate to?
Tell me about your present housing arrangement? Are you
satisfied with it?
Tell me about your work life. Are you working? Is your work
satisfying or do you need help in this area?
Tell me about your financial circumstances?
To help me understand you, can you tell me about
8. cultural/family beliefs that might help me get a more
clear sense of your life-circumstance/symptoms right now?
Spiritual
Can you describe your spiritual belief system?
Can you tell me about how you get spiritual needs met?
Can you tell me about your religious community?
Can you describe your childhood experience of religion?
Bio Psycho Social Spiritual Treatment Plan
The Bio Psycho Social Spiritual formulation can guide the
treatment planning process. We want all of your
treatment plans, in this course and in our clerkship, to include
comment in all of the areas specified below. As
with the formulation, the treatment plan is individualized and
this guide may provide a starting point. There is
some overlap as noted below.
Biological
Diagnostic:
To "work up" current medical and psychiatric symptoms labs
(i.e. thyroid, metabolic panel, Urine Drug Screen,
blood alcohol level, current blood level of medication if
relevant) Imaging (i.e. MRI, chest X-ray) Other: EEG,
Biopsies, etc.
Therapeutic:
Treatment of current illness and associated symptoms
Medications for underlying psychiatric disorder:
antidepressant, mood stabilizer, antipsychotic, etc. Medications
related to substance use disorder:
methadone, alcohol withdrawal protocol, nicotine replacement
therapy, etc. Medications for symptom relief:
9. sleeping medication Medications for other medical problems:
antibiotics, etc. life style prescriptions such as
exercise and diet changes. Give your rationale as to why you are
or are not choosing a biological treatment for
particular problems with particular patients.
Psychological
Diagnostic:
Psychological testing: personality, IQ, other relevant tests.
Behaviors and personality styles noted in the
interview or reported by staff. Obtain more information: (old
records, speak with outside providers, family) with
written consent
Treatment:
Individual Psychotherapy: (tailored to patient — may include
behavioral treatments such as DBT, relaxation
therapy, behavioral activation, social skills training, coping
skills development or cognitive behavioral therapy
or psychodynamic therapy — be prepared to justify your choice
for this patient). Couple's Therapy/Group
Therapy: (tailored to patient, many choices, may include 12
step). Give you rationale as to why you are or are
not suggesting a type of psychotherapy. Are there any
interventions that could decrease psychological
barriers to treatment?
Social
Diagnostic:
Assessment of patient's social and financial resources,
qualifications for various aid programs (housing,
Vocational Rehabilitation, Medicaid, GA, etc.)
Therapeutic:
Assistance with housing, job training, benefits groups (may
include 12 Step, "Self-Help," Reminiscence,
10. Clubs, etc.) Encouraging hobbies, encouraging social activities,
family meetings.
Give a statement about why these kinds of supports are or are
not indicated. Are there any interventions that
could decrease social barriers to treatment?
Spiritual
Diagnostic:
Assessment of patient's past religious and spiritual affiliations.
Therapeutic:
Identifying resources: Organized religious activities,
Meditation/Mindfulness training, Groups (may include 12
step).
Give a statement about why these kinds of supports are or are
not indicated.
Other:
Inpatient vs. Outpatient Treatment (would you admit, discharge
or continue current level of care?) Legal 2000
(Does patient meet criteria?) Removal of firearms from home
Mandated Reporting (child, elder abuse? Tarasoff
considerations?)
University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine
1664 North Virginia Street
Reno, NV 89557-0357
Clinics/Patients (775) 784-1223
Academic (775) 784-6063
11. Administrative (775) 784-6001
https://www.unr.edu/
tel:7757841223
tel:7757846063
tel:7757846001
https://med.unr.edu/
HBSE II
Dr. Norwood
Risk and resiliency paper
Hutchison summarizes social work research that has focused on
risk, protection, and resilience to
understand human behavior. Research has documented
correlates between specific
risk/protective factors and various problems. The
biopsychosocial-spiritual framework helps
social workers to conceptualize risk and protective factors in all
domains of a person’s life.
The purpose of this assignment is to convey an understanding of
the concepts of risk and
resiliency, integrate a biopsychosocial-spiritual assessment of a
client or person known to you,
and identify evidence-based intervention that may improve the
client’s resiliency.
12. Assignment Instructions:
• Choose a current or past client from your field placement or
professional agency; be sure
to protect confidentiality by changing names and other
identifying information. If you
have never worked with a client before, you may choose
someone you know or a famous
character or celebrity.
• Briefly, define the concepts of risk and protective factors and
resiliency. Explain the
relevance of these concepts to social work practice.
• Briefly, describe the agency in which you encountered this
person, the reason he/she was
seeking services, and necessary demographic information to
help the reader “know” the
client.
• The bulk of the paper should then consist of a
biopsychosocial-spiritual assessment of the
client, with a particular focus on the risk and protective factors
that are evident in his/her
life. Be sure to assess each domain in the person’s life.
13. o Identify the risk and protective factors present regardless of
whether or not they
are currently impacting or have had an impact on the
individual’s life. Discuss
overall well-being and potential functioning over the life course
if the current
trajectory continues.
o This section of your paper should also include peer-reviewed
sources to
document why you categorized these client characteristics as
risk or protective
factors.
• Identify any social and economic injustices that the client may
have experienced as risk
or protective factors. Again, use peer-reviewed sources to
document why you believe
these factors would promote or decrease resiliency.
• Provide a brief conclusion
Additional criteria:
• The paper must be in APA format and include properly
formatted title page and reference
list. An abstract is not needed.
• You must use at least 3 peer-reviewed articles. You may use
14. other properly cited
resources such as the textbook and legitimate, professional
websites, but these will not
count towards the 3- article requirement.
• The paper must be written professionally; this means that
there should be no contractions
or slang used and spelling, grammatical, and punctuation errors
are minimal. The writing
needs to be logically organized; use of an outline to follow as
you write is very strongly
encouraged. Use very clear transition sentences that indicate the
topic of your paragraphs,
and only discuss one topic per paragraph.
• The paper should be 3-4 pages in length. I will stop reading at
the end of the 4th page and
you will be graded accordingly.
• Submissions must be in .doc, .docx, or .rtf format. There will
be a 20% deduction for
every 24-hour period following the due date until the correct
format is submitted.
Grading Rubric:
• Content, 15 Points
o All criteria above are addressed.
15. o There is evidence of critical thinking.
o Mastery of core concepts is evident.
• Use of Literature, 5 Points
o Literature is current and relevant.
o Literature is incorporated into the paper fluently, without
over-use of direct
quotes, and cited and paraphrased appropriately.
o The minimum number of sources are incorporated.
• Use of APA Format and Professional Writing, 5 Points
o Adherence to APA formatting guidelines is evident.
o Writing is clear, organized, and has smooth transitions,
correct grammar,
punctuation, spelling, and professional writing.
Submit your assignments to the Turnitin.com dropbox and the
Moodle assignment box. You
must submit to both boxes! The Turnitin box will allow you to
have the ability to submit the
assignment, review the grammar and plagiarism suggestions,
and withdraw the paper to correct it
as many times as you wish prior to the due date/time. Please
take advantage of this, as there will
16. be no exceptions regarding reporting plagiarism to the Student
Advocacy and Accountability
office. Have a peer, colleague, or trusted friend review your
paper for you, also, to further
decrease the writing errors that will negatively impact your
grade.