Environmental care

DEVELOPMENT AND THE
ENVIRONMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION
Lecturer: Ms. Joscel P. Enardecido
Liberal Arts Department
Powerpoint Templates Page 1

SCENARIO: Environmental
Problems, and their Causes
CORE CASE STUDY:
Living in an Exponential Age
Two ancient kings enjoyed playing
chess. The winner claimed the prize
from the loser. After one match, the
winning king asked the losing king
to pay him by placing one grain of
wheat on the first square of the
chess board, two grains on the
secondPowerpoint Templates on the third 2
square, four Page

And so on, with the number
doubling on each square until all
64 squares were filled.
The losing king , thinking that he
was getting off easy, agreed with
delight. It was the biggest mistake
he ever made. He bankrupted his
kingdom because the number of
grains of wheat he had promised
was probably more than the wheat
that has ever been harvested!


This fictional story illustrates the
concept of exponential growth, by
which a quantity increases at a fixed
percentage per unit of time, such as
2% per year. Exponential growth is
deceptive. It starts off slowly , but
after only a few doublings , it grows to
enormous numbers because each
doubling is more than the total of all
earlier growth.

Because of exponential growth in the
human population , there were almost
6.7 Billion people on the planet.
Collectively these people consume
vast amounts of food,water,raw
materials and energy and in the
process, produce large amounts of
pollution and wastes. According to
the census of world’s population, each
day, we add an average of 225,000
more people on earth.

There is a growing evidence and
concern that continued exponential
growth in human activities such as
burning fossil fuels and clearing
forests will change the earth’s climate
during this century. This could ruin
some areas for farming, shift water
supplies, causes unavoidable
disasters/calamities.


ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION


WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL
EDUCATION?

It refers to organized efforts to
teach about how natural
environments function and,
particularly, how human
beings can manage their
behavior and ecosystems in
orderPowerpoint Templates
to live sustainably. Page 8

Aims of Environmental Education:

1.Develop an environmentally
literate and responsible citizenrywho
will protect the environment.
2.It enables everyone to understand
and the complex nature of the
environment.


How do we avail Environmental
Education?

1.Through formal education-
incorporated in the curriculum of
environmental education.
2.Through informal education like
attending seminars, talks , or
meetings on the environment.
3.Joining environmental
organizations, participating in Page 10
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and getting involved in campaigns
for the preservation of the
environment will make one or more
committed to saving our planet.

In order for us to fully understand our
environment and conceptualize
efforts on how to preserve it, we must
first probe what are the components,
parts and how ecosystems function.

ECOLOGY- derived from
“OIKOS” meaning a place to live.
This is the science that deals with the
study of the interrelationships
between biotic ( living) and abiotic
( non-living environment.

Environmental science- the
application of the knowledge of
ecology to management of the
environment. Templates
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THE ECOSYSTEM


Ecosystem- is the basic functioning
unit of nature, consisting of biotic and
abiotic environment.

E cosystems vary in kind it can be:
1.Small or large
2.Terrestrial or marine
3.Man-made or natural


The Philippine Ecosystems
1.Agricultural Ecosystem
2.Coral Reef Ecosystem
3.Fresh Water Ecosystem
4.Forest Ecosystem
5.Mangrove Ecosystem
6.Sea Grass Ecosystem
7.Marginal Ecosystem
8.Soft Bottom Ecosystem
9.Urban Ecosystem

I. Agriculture Ecosystem
Agriculture- backbone of the
country’s economy.
2 kinds
1.Rainfed – depend on rainwater
2.Irrigated- use a water source for
irrigation.
II. Coral Reef Ecosystem
- Serves as habitat and breeding
places for fishes.

Agriculture Ecosystem


III. Fresh Water Ecosystem
Include all inland bodies of water
such as streams and rivers and
standing waters such as lakes,
reservoir, ponds and other man-made
impoundments.

IV. Forest Ecosystems
One of the diverse ecosystems
Teeming with hundreds of plants,
animals.Powerpoint Templates Page 18

Forest help stabilize the climate by
regulating the amount of Carbon
Dioxide in the atmosphere. It also
maintains the earth’s atmosphere.

V. Marginal Ecosystem
-People induced ecosystems
-occurring in the periphery of other
ecosystems.
-these are converted ecosystems of
forest, croplands and coastal areas. 19
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Marginal Ecosystems


VII. Mangrove Ecosystem
-Located in the brackish waters , the
salty and the muddy portion of the
coastline where fresh water from
rivers and saline water from the sea
meet.

VIII. Sea grass Ecosystem
-Called the meadows of the sea.
--source of food for plant-eating
animals such as seacows or dugong, 21
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MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM


sea urchins, turtles, and other fishes.
Ducks and geese graze on exposed
beds during low tide.

VII. Soft bottom Ecosystem
- Found in open seas beyond light
penetration from depth of 50 meters
up to more than 10,000 meters in
depth.


Softbottom Ecosystem


IX. Urban Ecosystem
-center for human settlement with
Corresponding support services.
-consist of 66 cities and 160
Municipalities in the country.


Environmental Problems


Common Environmental
Problems

POLLUTION

CLASSIFIED INTO 4
1. AIR
2.WATER
3. LAND AND SOIL
4. NOISE

1. Air Pollution- defined as physical
and chemical alteration of properties
of the air which is harmful to human
health , vegetation and animals.

Toxic Air Pollutants:
1.Oxides of sulfur and Nitrogen,
Carbon Monoxide etc.
Causes:
1. Burning of fossils fuels like
gasoline,dieselTemplates
Powerpoint
and petroleum inPage 28

powerplants, factories ,and motor
vehicles. Burning of trash produce
toxic pollutants.

Pollutants that are harmful to
environment:
1.Acid Rain
2.Greenhouse Gases
3.Effects of Air Pollution


Air Pollution


II. Water Pollution- defined as the
physical or chemical changes in the
surface and ground water caused by
pollutants that can adversely affect
living organisms.

Causes:
1.Sewage
2.Garbage
3.Chemicals dumped by industries
4.Oil spill by transport ships Page 32
Powerpoint Templates

Effects:
1.Kills life that inhabits the water
2.Pollution disrupt the natural food
chain
3.Humans are affected
4.Ecosystems can be severely
changed or destroyed by water
pollution.


III. Solid Waste/Land
Pollution/Soil Pollution
2 Principal Sources
1.Solid waste from mining operation
2.By-products of agriculture-
includes animal manure and waste
from slaughtered animals


Causes of Solid Waste/Land
Pollution
1.Overpopulation on earth
2.Overproduction of packaging
materials , bullets,diapers and other
non-biodegradable materials.
3.Medical wastes/infectious waste
4.Household waste, both bio- and
non-biodegradable.


The 4 R’s of Waste Management
1.Reduce- avoid wasteful
consumption of goods.
- Ask yourself the question: “Do I
really need it?”
1.Reuse- whenever practicable , reuse
items that are useful rather than
throwing away.
2.Recycle- the process whereby
portions of waste portions of wastes
are worked out and used

4. Repair- whenever items that are
reusable needs repair to make it
functional , repair instead of throwing
it.

IV. Noise Pollution
-Simply defined as unwanted sound.
-It may be soft but unpleasant
-It may be good music but played
loud

V. Radiation and Its Harmful Effects
Includes visible light, Ultraviolet
Rays, X-rays and rays from
radioactive elements.

Radiation that penetrates the human
body is harmful.


References:

NSTP Handbook SBC

G. Tyler Miller , et al. Introduction to
Environmental Science . 2009


End

Thank you!!!

Environmental care

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