FORMULATION OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

Formulation of Research problem What is research problem? A research problem is a specific issue, difficulty, contradiction, or gap in knowledge that we will aim to address in our research. In other words, A research problem can be any question that we want to answer and any assumption or assertion that we want to challenge or investigate. The formulation of a research problem is the most crucial part of the research journey as the quality and relevance of a research project entirely depends upon it. The process of formulating a research problem consists of a number of steps. These are: Step 1: Identify a broad field or subject area of interest. Step 2: Dissect the broad areas into subareas Step 3: Select what is of most interest to us. Step 4: Raise research questions Step 5: Formulate objectives Step 6: Assess our objectives Step 7: Double-check

The scientific method has several key characteristics: 1. It is systematic and considers all aspects of the research process in a planned manner. 2. Experiments are controlled to avoid chance and ensure truthful results. 3. It is empirical and based on direct observation or experience to gain knowledge. 4. It is rational and logical rather than subjective.

This document outlines the steps in the educational research process. It begins by defining research and noting that the first step is identifying and defining the problem. The key steps in identifying a problem are: selecting an area of interest; delimiting the problem by clarifying and limiting the scope; and evaluating whether the problem is researchable, new, significant, and feasible given the researcher's skills. Sources for identifying problems include personal experience, professional literature, contacts, suggestions, and social/technological changes. Once identified, the problem is further refined through operational definitions before hypotheses are formulated.

This presentation discusses primary and secondary data collection methods. It begins by defining primary data as original data collected specifically for the research purpose, such as through surveys and interviews. Secondary data refers to data previously collected by others, such as published sources. Both data types are useful but have tradeoffs - primary data directly addresses the research question while secondary data is easier to obtain but may not be specific. The presentation provides examples of primary and secondary data collection techniques and their respective advantages and disadvantages.

This document outlines different types of literature reviews, including narrative reviews, critical reviews, scoping reviews, conceptual reviews, state-of-the-art reviews, argumentative reviews, integrative reviews, historical reviews, methodological reviews, theoretical reviews, quantitative and qualitative meta-analysis reviews, and systematic reviews. It provides brief descriptions of each type of literature review and what they aim to accomplish, such as summarizing previous research, identifying gaps, or comparing and evaluating perspectives.

The document provides an overview of social science research. It discusses key topics like the definition and objectives of social science research, methods used in social science research, types of social science research such as exploratory research, descriptive research, and experimental research. It also outlines the basic steps involved in conducting social science research such as selecting a problem, literature review, formulating hypotheses, data collection and analysis, and drawing conclusions.

This document discusses research design. It defines research design as the conceptual framework for a research study that includes plans for data collection, measurement, and analysis. The main components of a research design are outlined, including the problem statement, literature review, objectives, methodology, and data analysis plan. Four common types of research designs are explored in more detail: exploratory, descriptive, experimental, and quasi-experimental. Key principles of experimental design like replication, randomization, and local control are also summarized.

The document discusses various aspects of research design including: 1. Research design involves decisions about what, where, when, how much, and by what means to study a research problem. 2. Key parts of research design include sampling design, observational design, statistical design, and operational design. 3. Experimental designs aim to establish cause-and-effect relationships through control and manipulation of variables while quasi-experimental and non-experimental designs do not involve manipulation.

The formulation of a research problem is the most crucial part of the research journey as the quality and relevance of your research project entirely depends upon it. The process of formulating a research problem consists of a number of steps. Working through these steps presupposes a reasonable level of knowledge in the broad subject area within which the study is to be undertaken and the research methodology itself.

Research refers to a careful investigation or inquiry to gain new knowledge. It involves systematically analyzing a problem by breaking it into components and studying it in light of basic assumptions. Research is significant as it promotes logical thinking and aids in developing policies and solving operational problems in business, industry, and social sciences. It provides intellectual and practical benefits by advancing existing knowledge and helping solve problems in a more efficient manner.

This ppt helps to formulate the Research Hypothesis which covered Meaning, Definition, Importance, Characteristics and Types of Hypothesis

This document discusses research hypotheses. It defines a hypothesis as a tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. Hypotheses are important as they help translate research problems into predicted outcomes and guide methodology. Good hypotheses are clear, testable, and relevant to the research. Hypotheses can be simple, complex, associative, causal, directional, or non-directional. They may be generated from theoretical frameworks, previous studies, literature or experiences. The null hypothesis states there is no relationship between variables while the research hypothesis predicts a relationship.

The document discusses various aspects of research design. It defines research design and notes that it involves decisions about what, where, when, how much and by what means an inquiry will be conducted. It outlines requirements like identifying the type of research, being realistic and precise. Factors affecting research design are also discussed, like availability of data, time and resources. The main parts of research design are described as sampling design, observational design, statistical design and operational design. Different types of research designs are explained, including exploratory, descriptive, diagnostic and experimental designs. Key concepts in research design are also covered.

This document discusses the scientific method. It defines scientific methods as systematic investigations aimed at developing general knowledge about natural phenomena through objective and empirical means. The characteristics described include being orderly, attempting to control external factors, and basing findings on evidence that can be generalized. The purposes are listed as description, exploration, explanation, prediction, control, prescription, and identifying relationships. The steps outlined are selecting a topic, defining objectives and variables, stating hypotheses, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, and communicating findings. Limitations discussed include ethical issues with human subjects, complexity of human behavior, measurement challenges, and difficulty controlling external variables.

This document provides an outline for a presentation on developing questionnaires. It discusses key topics such as the definition of a questionnaire, its purpose, elements, characteristics, types (open-ended, closed-ended, mixed), steps to develop one, when to use questionnaires, issues to consider regarding content and guidelines for development. Advantages and disadvantages of questionnaires are also presented. The document aims to inform participants on best practices for constructing effective questionnaires.

Questionnaires and schedules are commonly used methods for collecting primary data. Questionnaires involve sending a standardized set of questions to respondents to answer on their own and return. Schedules are similar but involve an enumerator personally collecting responses by asking questions directly and filling out the schedule. Both methods can be used for descriptive or explanatory research and involve designing valid and reliable questions, representative sampling, and defining relationships between variables. Questionnaires are cheaper but have higher non-response rates while schedules provide more complete information through personal contact but are more expensive due to field workers.

The document outlines the major and minor objectives of research. The major objectives are to gain new insights into phenomena, accurately portray characteristics of individuals or groups, determine the frequency of occurrences, discover truths and facts, and test hypotheses of relationships between variables. The minor objectives are to seek knowledge, find solutions to problems through systematic methods, gain research degrees and benefits, face challenges, and be of service to society.

This document discusses defining and selecting a good research problem. It explains that a research problem exists if there is a difficulty, objectives to be met, alternative solutions, and uncertainty. When selecting a problem, the researcher should consider factors like feasibility, familiarity, and importance. Defining the problem involves specifically stating it, understanding it, reviewing literature, and refining it. Sources of problems in nursing research come from practice, education, administration, societal trends, and theory. Selecting a good problem considers interest, scope, expertise, relevance, and ethics. The statement of the problem should capture attention, be researchable, indicate scope, and give purpose.

The document discusses defining a research problem through several key points: 1) A research problem identifies an area that needs further investigation to address a gap in knowledge or understanding. It questions an issue but does not propose a solution. 2) Sources for identifying problems include a researcher's field of study, social and economic trends, existing programs/initiatives, observations, and literature. 3) In selecting a problem, considerations include the topic's uniqueness, significance, researcher's expertise and interest, available resources and data, and ethics. A well-defined research problem is important to successfully conduct meaningful research.

GUIDE FOR YOUR RESEARCH

The document provides guidance on developing a thesis, including conceptualizing the research problem, formulating the research title and questions, reviewing related literature, developing hypotheses, and describing the methodology. It discusses the role of the thesis advisor in guiding the advisee's conceptualization of the study, assisting with research design, and reviewing the logic and analysis of the research report. The document also provides examples of research titles and discusses formatting and style guidelines for writing the thesis.

This document discusses problem formulation in research. It defines a research problem as a difficulty a researcher experiences that they want to solve, either theoretically or practically. There are two types of research problems - those relating to states of nature and those relating to variable relationships. Formulating the problem is the most important stage and determines subsequent research stages and steps. The steps in problem formulation are: 1) identifying potential problems or questions, 2) selecting a specific problem or question to study, 3) formulating the study objective, and 4) clarifying the objective. Clarifying involves operationalizing concepts, determining the study time period and location, identifying the target population, and choosing optimal data sources.

Research Problem and Selecting the research Problem

this is a presentation by the students