GPRS Architecture and its components are covered extensively.
The slides give a little information about gprs and also gets into deeper explanation of its architecture.
GPRS is a packet-based mobile data service on GSM networks. It provides higher speed data transmission than previous GSM data services. The GPRS architecture introduces two new network nodes - SGSN and GGSN. SGSN handles mobility management and packet transmission between MS and GGSN, while GGSN connects the GPRS network to external packet networks like the Internet. GPRS enhances the GSM network by allowing dynamic allocation of bandwidth and intermittent data transmission, making it suitable for bursty, low-volume data applications.
Universal mobile telecommunication System (UMTS) is actually the third generation mobile, which uses WCDMA. The Dream was that 2G and 2.5G systems are incompatible around the world.
-Worldwide devices need to have multiple technologies inside of them, i.e. tri-band phones, dual-mode phones
To develop a single standard that would be accepted around the world.
-One device should be able to work anywhere.
Increased data rate.
- Maximum 2048Kbps
UMTS is developed by 3GPP (3 Generation Partnership Project) a joint venture of several organization
3G UMTS is a third-generation (3G): broadband, packet-based transmission of text, digitized voice, video, multimedia at data rates up to 2 Mbps
Also referred to as wideband code division multiple access(WCDMA)
Allows many more applications to be introduce to a worldwide
Also provide new services like alternative billing methods or calling plans.
The higher bandwidth also enables video conferencing or IPTV.
Once UMTS is fully available, computer and phone users can be constantly attached to the Internet wherever they travel and, as they roam, will have the same set of capabilities.
This document discusses mobility management (MM) in GPRS and UMTS networks. It describes the different MM states in GPRS (IDLE, STANDBY, READY) and UMTS (PMM-DETACHED, PMM-IDLE, PMM-CONNECTED). The MM contexts maintained by the MS, SGSN, and HLR/AUC are also outlined. Periodic and normal location update procedures performed by the MS to update its location are explained.
A handover is the process of transferring a cellular call or data session from one cell site to another without disconnecting as the user moves between different cells. There are different types of handovers including intra-cell handovers which change channels within the same cell, inter-cell handovers which transfer between different cells, hard handovers which instantly terminate the existing connection to establish a new one, and soft handovers which connect to the new channel before disconnecting the existing connection to provide a smoother transition.
Handovers, also called handoffs, allow mobile users to maintain connectivity as they move between different cells. They involve transferring control of a call or data session from one cell to another. There are different types of handovers in GSM including intra-BTS, inter-BTS intra-BSC, inter-BSC, and inter-MSC handovers. Factors like transmitted power, received power, area and shape of cells, and user mobility affect the handover process.
Proactive routing protocol
Each node maintain a routing table.
Sequence number is used to update the topology information
Update can be done based on event driven or periodic
Observations
May be energy expensive due to high mobility of the nodes
Delay can be minimized, as path to destination is already known to all nodes.
The document discusses different types of handovers in wireless networks. It defines handover as changing the point of connection between a mobile station and base stations. There are three types of handover decisions: network-controlled, mobile-assisted, and mobile-controlled. The document also describes hard handover, soft handover, horizontal handover, and vertical handover. It explains the mechanisms and characteristics of each type of handover.
Physical channels carry information over the air interface between the mobile station and base transceiver station. Logical channels map user data and signaling information onto physical channels. There are two main types of logical channels - traffic channels which carry call data, and control channels which communicate service information. Control channels include broadcast channels which transmit cell-wide information, common channels used for paging and access procedures, and dedicated channels for signaling during calls or when not on a call. Logical channels are mapped onto physical channels to effectively transmit information wirelessly between network components in a GSM system.
GPRS is a packet-based mobile data service on GSM networks. It provides higher speed data transmission than previous GSM data services. The GPRS architecture introduces two new network nodes - SGSN and GGSN. SGSN handles mobility management and packet transmission between MS and GGSN, while GGSN connects the GPRS network to external packet networks like the Internet. GPRS enhances the GSM network by allowing dynamic allocation of bandwidth and intermittent data transmission, making it suitable for bursty, low-volume data applications.
Universal mobile telecommunication System (UMTS) is actually the third generation mobile, which uses WCDMA. The Dream was that 2G and 2.5G systems are incompatible around the world.
-Worldwide devices need to have multiple technologies inside of them, i.e. tri-band phones, dual-mode phones
To develop a single standard that would be accepted around the world.
-One device should be able to work anywhere.
Increased data rate.
- Maximum 2048Kbps
UMTS is developed by 3GPP (3 Generation Partnership Project) a joint venture of several organization
3G UMTS is a third-generation (3G): broadband, packet-based transmission of text, digitized voice, video, multimedia at data rates up to 2 Mbps
Also referred to as wideband code division multiple access(WCDMA)
Allows many more applications to be introduce to a worldwide
Also provide new services like alternative billing methods or calling plans.
The higher bandwidth also enables video conferencing or IPTV.
Once UMTS is fully available, computer and phone users can be constantly attached to the Internet wherever they travel and, as they roam, will have the same set of capabilities.
This document discusses mobility management (MM) in GPRS and UMTS networks. It describes the different MM states in GPRS (IDLE, STANDBY, READY) and UMTS (PMM-DETACHED, PMM-IDLE, PMM-CONNECTED). The MM contexts maintained by the MS, SGSN, and HLR/AUC are also outlined. Periodic and normal location update procedures performed by the MS to update its location are explained.
A handover is the process of transferring a cellular call or data session from one cell site to another without disconnecting as the user moves between different cells. There are different types of handovers including intra-cell handovers which change channels within the same cell, inter-cell handovers which transfer between different cells, hard handovers which instantly terminate the existing connection to establish a new one, and soft handovers which connect to the new channel before disconnecting the existing connection to provide a smoother transition.
Handovers, also called handoffs, allow mobile users to maintain connectivity as they move between different cells. They involve transferring control of a call or data session from one cell to another. There are different types of handovers in GSM including intra-BTS, inter-BTS intra-BSC, inter-BSC, and inter-MSC handovers. Factors like transmitted power, received power, area and shape of cells, and user mobility affect the handover process.
Proactive routing protocol
Each node maintain a routing table.
Sequence number is used to update the topology information
Update can be done based on event driven or periodic
Observations
May be energy expensive due to high mobility of the nodes
Delay can be minimized, as path to destination is already known to all nodes.
The document discusses different types of handovers in wireless networks. It defines handover as changing the point of connection between a mobile station and base stations. There are three types of handover decisions: network-controlled, mobile-assisted, and mobile-controlled. The document also describes hard handover, soft handover, horizontal handover, and vertical handover. It explains the mechanisms and characteristics of each type of handover.
Physical channels carry information over the air interface between the mobile station and base transceiver station. Logical channels map user data and signaling information onto physical channels. There are two main types of logical channels - traffic channels which carry call data, and control channels which communicate service information. Control channels include broadcast channels which transmit cell-wide information, common channels used for paging and access procedures, and dedicated channels for signaling during calls or when not on a call. Logical channels are mapped onto physical channels to effectively transmit information wirelessly between network components in a GSM system.
Cellular systems allow mobile users to communicate wirelessly using a network of base stations and switches. A mobile station communicates with the nearest base station, which connects to a mobile switching center. The switching center routes calls between mobile stations and the public switched telephone network. Coverage areas are divided into cells served by individual base stations to allow frequency reuse that improves system capacity.
Mobile Network Layer protocols and mechanisms allow nodes to change their point of attachment to different networks while maintaining ongoing communication. Key concepts include:
- Mobile IP adds mobility support to IP, allowing nodes to use the same IP address even when changing networks. It relies on home agents and care-of addresses.
- Registration allows mobile nodes to inform their home agent of their current location when visiting foreign networks. Tunneling and encapsulation techniques are used to forward packets to mobile nodes' current locations.
- Various routing protocols like DSDV have been developed for mobile ad hoc networks which have no fixed infrastructure and dynamic topologies.
What is GSM?
The Global System for Mobile communications is a digital cellular communications system. It was developed in order to create a common European mobile telephone standard but it has been rapidly accepted worldwide.
Formerly it was “Groupe Spéciale Mobile” (founded in 1982)
now: Global System for Mobile Communication.
Services:
Tele-services
Bearer or Data Services
Supplementary services
Applications:
Mobile telephony
GSM-R
Telemetry System
- Fleet management
- Automatic meter reading
- Toll Collection
- Remote control and fault reporting of DG sets
Value Added Services
Advantages:
Better Quality of speech
Data transmission is supported
New services offered due to ISDN compatibility
International Roaming possible
Large market
Crisper, cleaner quieter calls
disadvantages:
Dropped and missed calls
Less Efficiency
Security Issues
conclusion
The mobile telephony industry rapidly growing and that has become backbone for business success and efficiency and a part of modern lifestyles all over the world.
In this session I have tried to give and over view of the GSM system. I hope that I gave the general flavor of GSM and the philosophy behind its design.
The GSM is standard that insures interoperability without stifling competition and innovation among the suppliers to the benefit of the public both in terms of cost and service quality.
GSM-architecture-Location tracking and call setup- Mobility management- Handover-
Security-GSM SMS –International roaming for GSM- call recording functions-subscriber and
service data mgt –-Mobile Number portability -VoIP service for Mobile Networks – GPRS –
Architecture-GPRS procedures-attach and detach procedures-PDP context procedure-
combined RA/LA update procedures-Billing
Localization uses a user's cellular or web connection to identify and track their location. The GSM network uses home and visitor location registers to store information about a user's location. This allows a user's location to be identified worldwide using their phone number. Handover is the process of switching a user's radio connection between base stations to maintain connectivity as the user moves.
This document provides an overview of call routing in GSM networks. It discusses key components like the Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) that store subscriber data. It then describes different call routing scenarios like mobile originated calls, mobile terminated calls, and roaming calls. It explains the signaling process and interactions between network elements like the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other switches. Finally, it briefly discusses the handover process to transfer calls between base stations when a mobile changes location.
This document summarizes geographical routing in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an introduction to geographic routing protocols, which route packets based on the geographic position of nodes rather than their network addresses. It then discusses several specific geographic routing protocols, including Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) and Geographical and Energy Aware Routing (GEAR). The document also covers topics like how nodes obtain location information, security issues in geographic routing like the Sybil attack, and concludes that geographic routing can enable scalable and energy-efficient routing in wireless sensor networks.
Motivation for a specialized MAC (Hidden and exposed terminals, Near and far terminals), SDMA, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, Wireless LAN/(IEEE 802.11)
Mobile Network Layer: IP and Mobile IP Network Layers, Packet Delivery and Handover Management, Location Management, Registration, Tunneling and Encapsulation, Route Optimization, DHCP
This document discusses medium access control (MAC) protocols, which regulate access to a shared wireless medium between nodes. It covers key requirements for MAC protocols including throughput efficiency, fairness, and low overhead. It also describes challenges like the hidden terminal problem, exposed terminal problem, and sources of overhead from collisions, overhearing, and idle listening. Finally, it categorizes common MAC protocols as fixed assignment, demand assignment, and random access and notes additional energy conservation requirements for wireless sensor networks.
CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access. It is a digital wireless communication technology that allows multiple users to access a single channel using unique code assignments. CDMA has evolved through standards like IS-95, CDMA2000, and WCDMA. It provides benefits like increased capacity, soft handoffs, and lower power consumption compared to other technologies. While CDMA has advantages, it also faces challenges like higher licensing costs and reduced coverage area with increasing subscriber loads. Overall, CDMA remains an effective multiple access technique for wireless communications.
Cellular communication systems have evolved through multiple generations from analog 1G to digital 4G systems. A cellular network is divided into geographical areas called cells served by base transceiver stations. Cells are grouped into clusters where frequencies are reused to allow for more subscribers. When making a call, the cellular phone registers with the local base station which routes the call through switching centers to establish communication with the intended recipient. Modern cellular networks support additional services beyond voice like texting, internet access, and location tracking through technologies like GSM that employ protocols like TDMA for efficient frequency usage.
3G cellular networks aimed to provide higher bandwidth and data rates, global roaming, and support for multimedia services. The ITU defined the IMT-2000 standard to enable these capabilities. Major 3G technologies included W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and UWC-136. Early 3G networks rolled out starting in 2001, with the Japanese and Koreans among the first to offer services meeting IMT-2000 specifications. Key technologies like higher bandwidths, packet switching, coherent modulation, smart antennas, and interference management helped 3G networks provide improved performance over 2G networks.
Mobile computing unit2,SDMA,FDMA,CDMA,TDMA Space Division Multi Access,Frequ...Pallepati Vasavi
This document discusses various terminology related to the MAC sublayer, including:
1. The station model consisting of independent stations that generate frames for transmission.
2. The single channel assumption where a single channel is available for all communication.
3. The collision assumption where if two frames are transmitted simultaneously they will overlap and be garbled.
It then covers concepts such as carrier sensing, hidden and exposed terminals, and near and far terminals that create challenges for wireless networks. Finally, it introduces various multiple access methods including SDMA, FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA.
This document discusses handoff in mobile communication networks. It begins with defining handoff as the transition of signal transmission from one base station to an adjacent one as a user moves. It then discusses various handoff strategies such as prioritizing handoff calls over new calls, monitoring signal strength to avoid unnecessary handoffs, and reserving guard channels for handoff requests. The document also covers types of handoffs, how handoff is handled differently in 1G and 2G cellular systems, challenges like cell dragging, and concepts like umbrella cells to minimize handoffs for high-speed users.
cellular concepts in wireless communicationasadkhan1327
The document discusses the concept of frequency reuse in cellular networks. It explains that a limited radio spectrum is used to serve millions of subscribers by dividing the network coverage area into cells and reusing frequencies across spatially separated cells. Each cell is allocated a portion of the total available frequencies, and neighboring cells are assigned different frequencies to minimize interference. The frequency reuse factor is defined as the ratio of the minimum distance between co-channel cells to the cell radius. Larger frequency reuse factors provide better isolation between co-channel cells but reduce network capacity. The document also covers additional topics like different channel assignment strategies, handoff methods, interference calculation and optimization of frequency reuse networks.
This document provides an overview of cellular networks. It discusses key concepts like cells, base stations, frequency reuse, and multiple access methods. It describes how location of mobile devices is managed through location updating and paging. It also covers handoff which allows active calls to continue seamlessly as users move between different cells.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a packet-based mobile data service available via GSM networks that allows for more efficient use of network resources and faster connection times compared to traditional circuit-switched data services, offering theoretical maximum speeds of up to 171.2 Kbps; it serves as an intermediate step toward 3G networks and uses an IP-based core network architecture. GPRS introduces new network components like the SGSN and GGSN to handle packet routing and interface with external networks.
Cellular systems allow mobile users to communicate wirelessly using a network of base stations and switches. A mobile station communicates with the nearest base station, which connects to a mobile switching center. The switching center routes calls between mobile stations and the public switched telephone network. Coverage areas are divided into cells served by individual base stations to allow frequency reuse that improves system capacity.
Mobile Network Layer protocols and mechanisms allow nodes to change their point of attachment to different networks while maintaining ongoing communication. Key concepts include:
- Mobile IP adds mobility support to IP, allowing nodes to use the same IP address even when changing networks. It relies on home agents and care-of addresses.
- Registration allows mobile nodes to inform their home agent of their current location when visiting foreign networks. Tunneling and encapsulation techniques are used to forward packets to mobile nodes' current locations.
- Various routing protocols like DSDV have been developed for mobile ad hoc networks which have no fixed infrastructure and dynamic topologies.
What is GSM?
The Global System for Mobile communications is a digital cellular communications system. It was developed in order to create a common European mobile telephone standard but it has been rapidly accepted worldwide.
Formerly it was “Groupe Spéciale Mobile” (founded in 1982)
now: Global System for Mobile Communication.
Services:
Tele-services
Bearer or Data Services
Supplementary services
Applications:
Mobile telephony
GSM-R
Telemetry System
- Fleet management
- Automatic meter reading
- Toll Collection
- Remote control and fault reporting of DG sets
Value Added Services
Advantages:
Better Quality of speech
Data transmission is supported
New services offered due to ISDN compatibility
International Roaming possible
Large market
Crisper, cleaner quieter calls
disadvantages:
Dropped and missed calls
Less Efficiency
Security Issues
conclusion
The mobile telephony industry rapidly growing and that has become backbone for business success and efficiency and a part of modern lifestyles all over the world.
In this session I have tried to give and over view of the GSM system. I hope that I gave the general flavor of GSM and the philosophy behind its design.
The GSM is standard that insures interoperability without stifling competition and innovation among the suppliers to the benefit of the public both in terms of cost and service quality.
GSM-architecture-Location tracking and call setup- Mobility management- Handover-
Security-GSM SMS –International roaming for GSM- call recording functions-subscriber and
service data mgt –-Mobile Number portability -VoIP service for Mobile Networks – GPRS –
Architecture-GPRS procedures-attach and detach procedures-PDP context procedure-
combined RA/LA update procedures-Billing
Localization uses a user's cellular or web connection to identify and track their location. The GSM network uses home and visitor location registers to store information about a user's location. This allows a user's location to be identified worldwide using their phone number. Handover is the process of switching a user's radio connection between base stations to maintain connectivity as the user moves.
This document provides an overview of call routing in GSM networks. It discusses key components like the Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) that store subscriber data. It then describes different call routing scenarios like mobile originated calls, mobile terminated calls, and roaming calls. It explains the signaling process and interactions between network elements like the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other switches. Finally, it briefly discusses the handover process to transfer calls between base stations when a mobile changes location.
This document summarizes geographical routing in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an introduction to geographic routing protocols, which route packets based on the geographic position of nodes rather than their network addresses. It then discusses several specific geographic routing protocols, including Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) and Geographical and Energy Aware Routing (GEAR). The document also covers topics like how nodes obtain location information, security issues in geographic routing like the Sybil attack, and concludes that geographic routing can enable scalable and energy-efficient routing in wireless sensor networks.
Motivation for a specialized MAC (Hidden and exposed terminals, Near and far terminals), SDMA, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, Wireless LAN/(IEEE 802.11)
Mobile Network Layer: IP and Mobile IP Network Layers, Packet Delivery and Handover Management, Location Management, Registration, Tunneling and Encapsulation, Route Optimization, DHCP
This document discusses medium access control (MAC) protocols, which regulate access to a shared wireless medium between nodes. It covers key requirements for MAC protocols including throughput efficiency, fairness, and low overhead. It also describes challenges like the hidden terminal problem, exposed terminal problem, and sources of overhead from collisions, overhearing, and idle listening. Finally, it categorizes common MAC protocols as fixed assignment, demand assignment, and random access and notes additional energy conservation requirements for wireless sensor networks.
CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access. It is a digital wireless communication technology that allows multiple users to access a single channel using unique code assignments. CDMA has evolved through standards like IS-95, CDMA2000, and WCDMA. It provides benefits like increased capacity, soft handoffs, and lower power consumption compared to other technologies. While CDMA has advantages, it also faces challenges like higher licensing costs and reduced coverage area with increasing subscriber loads. Overall, CDMA remains an effective multiple access technique for wireless communications.
Cellular communication systems have evolved through multiple generations from analog 1G to digital 4G systems. A cellular network is divided into geographical areas called cells served by base transceiver stations. Cells are grouped into clusters where frequencies are reused to allow for more subscribers. When making a call, the cellular phone registers with the local base station which routes the call through switching centers to establish communication with the intended recipient. Modern cellular networks support additional services beyond voice like texting, internet access, and location tracking through technologies like GSM that employ protocols like TDMA for efficient frequency usage.
3G cellular networks aimed to provide higher bandwidth and data rates, global roaming, and support for multimedia services. The ITU defined the IMT-2000 standard to enable these capabilities. Major 3G technologies included W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and UWC-136. Early 3G networks rolled out starting in 2001, with the Japanese and Koreans among the first to offer services meeting IMT-2000 specifications. Key technologies like higher bandwidths, packet switching, coherent modulation, smart antennas, and interference management helped 3G networks provide improved performance over 2G networks.
Mobile computing unit2,SDMA,FDMA,CDMA,TDMA Space Division Multi Access,Frequ...Pallepati Vasavi
This document discusses various terminology related to the MAC sublayer, including:
1. The station model consisting of independent stations that generate frames for transmission.
2. The single channel assumption where a single channel is available for all communication.
3. The collision assumption where if two frames are transmitted simultaneously they will overlap and be garbled.
It then covers concepts such as carrier sensing, hidden and exposed terminals, and near and far terminals that create challenges for wireless networks. Finally, it introduces various multiple access methods including SDMA, FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA.
This document discusses handoff in mobile communication networks. It begins with defining handoff as the transition of signal transmission from one base station to an adjacent one as a user moves. It then discusses various handoff strategies such as prioritizing handoff calls over new calls, monitoring signal strength to avoid unnecessary handoffs, and reserving guard channels for handoff requests. The document also covers types of handoffs, how handoff is handled differently in 1G and 2G cellular systems, challenges like cell dragging, and concepts like umbrella cells to minimize handoffs for high-speed users.
cellular concepts in wireless communicationasadkhan1327
The document discusses the concept of frequency reuse in cellular networks. It explains that a limited radio spectrum is used to serve millions of subscribers by dividing the network coverage area into cells and reusing frequencies across spatially separated cells. Each cell is allocated a portion of the total available frequencies, and neighboring cells are assigned different frequencies to minimize interference. The frequency reuse factor is defined as the ratio of the minimum distance between co-channel cells to the cell radius. Larger frequency reuse factors provide better isolation between co-channel cells but reduce network capacity. The document also covers additional topics like different channel assignment strategies, handoff methods, interference calculation and optimization of frequency reuse networks.
This document provides an overview of cellular networks. It discusses key concepts like cells, base stations, frequency reuse, and multiple access methods. It describes how location of mobile devices is managed through location updating and paging. It also covers handoff which allows active calls to continue seamlessly as users move between different cells.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a packet-based mobile data service available via GSM networks that allows for more efficient use of network resources and faster connection times compared to traditional circuit-switched data services, offering theoretical maximum speeds of up to 171.2 Kbps; it serves as an intermediate step toward 3G networks and uses an IP-based core network architecture. GPRS introduces new network components like the SGSN and GGSN to handle packet routing and interface with external networks.
- GPRS is an upgrade to GSM that allows packet-based data services and efficient use of network bandwidth. It provides higher data rates than GSM and constant connectivity.
- The GPRS network architecture introduces new network elements like the SGSN and GGSN to route data packets. The SGSN and GGSN connect to external packet networks through the GPRS backbone network.
- Session management in GPRS involves creating a PDP context for each data connection, which contains information like the assigned PDP address and serving GGSN. Location management tracks the location of mobile devices through routing area updates.
The document discusses the evolution of wireless networks from 2G to 3G. It describes how 3G networks allow a broad range of wireless services to be provided efficiently through technologies like GPRS and EDGE that enhance data capabilities on existing networks. It also explains how completely new radio access technologies like UMTS using WCDMA can be used in new spectrum to optimize support for 3G services. Finally, it provides details on GPRS architecture and interfaces, describing how GPRS allows packet-switched data communications in GSM networks.
General packet radio services (GPRS) is step to efficiently transport high-speed data over the current GSM and TDMA-based wireless network infrastructures.
Deployment of GPRS networks allows a variety of new applications ranging from mobile e-commerce to mobile corporate VPN access
Deployments of GPRS network has already taken place in several countries in Europe and the far east.
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) provides packet-based mobile data and a range of speeds up to 114 kbps within GSM networks. It allows multiple users to share radio channel resources and is charged per megabyte rather than connection time. GPRS uses packet switching rather than circuit switching, and defines quality of service profiles including priority, reliability, delay and throughput. The GPRS architecture introduces new network elements like the SGSN and GGSN to route data, uses tunneling between network elements, and modifies existing GSM components with software upgrades and new hardware like the PCU. Security includes authentication, key management and ciphering. Mobility is managed through routing area updates rather than location area updates as in
The document provides an overview of GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) technology. It discusses:
- The need for GPRS to provide faster speeds, immediacy, new applications, and user-friendly billing.
- The history and development of GPRS from HSCSD as an upgrade path for GSM networks.
- Key GPRS network elements like the SGSN, GGSN, and their roles in routing packets and connecting to external networks.
- GPRS architecture and how it works in parallel with existing GSM networks.
- Logical channels used for control, signaling, and transport of user data packets.
- GPRS is an upgrade to GSM that allows packet-based data services and efficient use of network bandwidth. It provides higher data rates than GSM and constant connectivity.
- The GPRS network architecture introduces new network elements like the SGSN and GGSN to route data packets. The SGSN manages packet data in its service area while the GGSN connects the GPRS network to external packet networks.
- Session management in GPRS includes establishing PDP contexts for data transfer sessions and location management tracks the routing area of mobile devices through routing area updates.
- GPRS is an upgrade to GSM that allows packet-based data services and efficient use of network bandwidth. It provides higher data rates than GSM and constant connectivity.
- The GPRS network architecture introduces new network elements like the SGSN and GGSN to route data packets. The SGSN handles mobility management and packet transfer while the GGSN connects the GPRS network to external packet networks.
- Key functions of GPRS include packet routing, mobility management, session management, and logical channel allocation to efficiently share network resources between circuit and packet-switched users.
This document provides an overview of GPRS architecture and 3G cellular systems. It defines GPRS as a new bearer service for GSM that improves wireless access to packet data networks. Key benefits of GPRS include new data services, higher speeds up to 115 kbps, efficient use of bandwidth through statistical multiplexing, and constant connectivity. The document then describes statistical multiplexing and the network elements of GPRS such as SGSN, GGSN, and the GPRS register. It concludes with an overview of 3G technologies like UMTS and CDMA2000, their network architectures and frequency spectrums.
2.5G, second and half generation, All about 2.5..Muhammad Ahad
2.5G networks like GPRS introduced packet switching capabilities to 2G networks, allowing both circuit switched and packet switched domains. GPRS uses timeslot allocation and multislot classes to efficiently utilize radio resources. It introduced new network elements like SGSN and GGSN to route data between mobile devices and external networks. GPRS supports various data applications and services through PDP contexts which contain a PDP address, QoS parameters, and GGSN address for a given session.
This document discusses 2.5G wireless technology, including technologies like GSM, HSCSD, GPRS, and EDGE. It describes how 2.5G networks added packet switching via GPRS to existing 2G networks, allowing higher data rates and always-on internet access. Key network nodes for GPRS like SGSNs and GGSNs are introduced. The document also provides a brief comparison of 2G and 2.5G wireless networks and their data capabilities.
This document discusses GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and its features and benefits over existing GSM networks. It provides an overview of GPRS network architecture including new elements like SGSN and GGSN, and interfaces like Gb, Gn, and Gi. Key benefits of GPRS mentioned are higher speed data rates of 14.4-115kbps, more efficient use of bandwidth, and ability to use circuit and packet switching in parallel. The document also provides a brief introduction to UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) as a 3G cellular standard building on GSM and offering higher data rates and quality of service.
GPRS is a packet-based mobile data service that allows users to send and receive data, including via mobile browsers, across mobile networks. It requires a GPRS-enabled mobile device and subscription. GPRS uses protocols like IP and PPP and provides higher speeds than previous GSM networks, allowing new mobile applications. Key network components that support GPRS include the SGSN, GGSN, MSC, and BSC. Common applications include web browsing, chat, and file transfers. Security, cost savings, and easier application development are benefits of GPRS compared to prior circuit-switched networks.
GPRS Technology, Cellular Mobile CommunicationPVishalNarayan
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a standard for wireless communication that improves data transmission for cellular networks. It allows faster data transmission than previous cellular data services. GPRS uses a packet-based transmission method which improves network capacity and efficiency. The core network elements include SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) and GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node). SGSN manages data transmission to and from mobile stations, while GGSN acts as an interface between the GPRS network and external packet data networks. GPRS supports bandwidth from 5-40kbps and introduces volume-based billing rather than charging by connection time.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a packet-based mobile data service available to users of GSM and IS-136 mobile phones. It allows improved and simplified wireless access to packet data networks. The key components of a GPRS network include the SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) which tracks user locations and performs security functions, and the GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) which acts as an interface to external networks. A PDP (Packet Data Protocol) context must be activated to establish a logical link between a mobile device and the SGSN to transfer data packets between the device and GGSN via tunneling protocols. Common applications of GPRS include email, internet access,
GPRS is a packet-based mobile data service that extends GSM capabilities to provide Internet access and other data services. It requires modifications to GSM network elements including new mobile stations, a packet control unit added to base station controllers, and new GPRS support nodes. The GPRS architecture introduces a serving GPRS support node and gateway GPRS support node that interface with the internal IP-based backbone network to route data traffic through the correct nodes. Routing areas, which are smaller than GSM location areas, help optimize the routing of data packets.
This document discusses 3G UMTS technology. It describes that UMTS is the European 3G standard developed as an upgrade from 2G GSM networks. It provides data rates of up to 2Mbps for indoor environments and supports services like voice, video and packet data. The key components of a UMTS network are the core network, UTRAN access network and user equipment. The core network handles switching and routing, while UTRAN includes Node B base stations and RNC controllers.
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE NetworkARVIND SARDAR
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2. GPRS ( General Packet Radio Services )
● General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) is a packet-based wireless communication service that
promises data rates from 56 up to 114 Kbps and continuous connection to the Internet for mobile
phone and computer users.
● The higher data rates allow users to take part in video conferences and interact with multimedia
Web sites and similar applications using mobile handheld devices as well as notebook computers.
● GPRS is based on Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication and complements existing
services such as circuit-switched cellular phone connections and the Short Message Service (SMS).
3. DATABASES05
All the databases in the network will require software upgrades to
handle the new call models and functions introduced by GPRS.
GPRS SUPPORT NODES04
The deployment of GPRS requires the installation of serving GPRS
support node SGSN and gateway GPRS support node.
BASE STATION CONTROLLER03
The Base Station Controller BSC requires a software upgrade and
the installation of new hardware called the packet control unit PCU.
BASE TRANSCEIVER STATION02 A software upgrade is required in the existing Base Transceiver
Station.
MOBILE STATION01
New Mobile Station is required to access GPRS services. These new
terminals will be backward compatible with GSM for voice calls.
GPRS MODIFICATIONS
6. MAIN ELEMENTS
GPRS SUPPORT
NODES
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
GGSN
Serving GPRS
Support Node
SGSN
GPRS MOBILE
STATIONS
Mobile Station
is required to
access GPRS
services
When either voice
or data traffic is
originated at the
subscriber
mobile, it is
transported over
the air interface
to the BTS
GPRS BASE STATION
SUBSYSTEMS ROUTINGAERA
Routing area is
similar to
Location Area
in GSM,except
that it
generally
contains fewer
cells
INTERNAL
BACKBONE
The internal
backbone is an
IP based
network used
to carry
packets
between
different GSNs
8. SGSN( Serving GPRS Support Node )
● Routing the packet switched data to and from the mobile station.
● Mobility management.
● Data management.
● Authentication and charging for cells.
● Stores the location information of the user.
9. GGSN ( Gateway SPRS Support Node )
● Provides a gateway between GPRS and PDN (Packet Data Networks).
● Converts data from SGSN to PDP format (Packet Data Protocol).
● Stores the current SGSN address.
● Stores the location of user in it’s location register.
● Performs authentication and charging functions.
11. BASE STATION SYSTEM (BSS)
● BSS needs enhancement to
recognize and send packet data
● BSS includes BTS (Base
Transceiver Station) and MS
(Mobile Station)
● It consists of a number of SGSN
(Serving GPRS Support Node)
● Also consists of a number of MSC
(Mobile-Service Switching Center)
● Helps in authentication, operation
and maintenance of subsystems
NETWORK SUB-SYSTEM (NSS)
12. RADIO STATION SUB-SYSTEM (RSS)
● Consists of a number of MS
(Mobile Station), BTS (Base
Transceiver Station) and BSC (Base
Station Controller)
● Stores a CKSN (Cipher Key
Sequence Number - a logical
identity)
● Consists of SGSN (Serving GPRS
Support Node) and GGSN (Gateway
GPRS Support Node)
● Provides connections to other
networks and PDA (Public Data
Network)
GATEWAY SUB-SYSTEM (GSS)
13. GPRS PERFORMANCE CATEGORIES
They are split into three basic categories according to their capabilities in terms of the ability to connect
to GSM and GPRS facilities:
● Class A: - This class describes mobile phones that can be connected to both GPRS and GSM
services at the same time.
● Class B: - These mobiles can be attached to both GPRS and GSM services but they can be used on
only one service at a time. A Class B mobile can make or receive a voice call, or send and or
receive a SMS message during a GPRS connection. During voice calls or texting the GPRS service
is suspended but it is re-established when the voice call or SMS session is complete.
● Class C: - This classification covers phones that can be attached to either GPRS or GSM services
but user needs to switch manually between the two different types.
14. CONCLUSION
● GPRS provides efficient access to Packet Data Networks
● Multislot operation in GPRS leads to efficient channel utilization
● GPRS is more effective for long data packet transmission than short ones.