The title "Great Expectations" has significant meaning. It refers to the expectations of various characters in the novel, especially Pip, the protagonist. Pip has many expectations throughout his life - to become a gentleman through education, gain social status, and marry Estella. However, nearly all of Pip's expectations are shattered when he discovers Estella will not return his love and his benefactor is actually an escaped convict. The title also reflects author Charles Dickens' own expectations for reforming the injustices of Victorian society that he depicts. Overall, the aptly chosen title represents the high hopes that are ultimately not fulfilled for most characters.
The full name of James Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) is James Augustine Aloysius Joyce.
He is an early 20th century Irish novelist and poet.
Joyce is one of the pioneers of ‘stream of consciousness’ technique in novel and a new type of poetry called ‘Prose Poem’.
He is one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century also.
He used the style of ‘the examination of big events through small happenings in everyday lives’.
Themes of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManFatima Gul
The document discusses several major themes in James Joyce's novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. These include Stephen's rejection of authority and struggle for independence, his development as an artist, his pride and egotism, sin as a liberating force, life as a maze of confusion, his search for identity, dissatisfaction with his surroundings, the role of language and communication, criticism of religion and spirituality, the instability of home, and the centrality of literature and writing to Stephen's life and journey.
The characters and themes of a passage to indianoraahmed141419
This document provides an introduction and summary of the novel "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forster. It discusses the plot, which centers around Dr. Aziz, a young Indian physician who is falsely accused of assaulting a British woman. The introduction notes that the novel examines the difficulty of establishing friendship across cultural boundaries in colonial India. It then summarizes the main characters and themes of the novel, including the central theme of the clash between British and Indian cultures in colonial India and the difficulties of forming friendships across these divides.
1) The document discusses several major themes in Joseph Andrews, including the vulnerability of goodness in a corrupt world, charity and religion as active compassion rather than theology, and Fielding's view of providence as rewarding virtue.
2) It also examines Fielding's views on the contrast between town and country life, with the country promoting basic values. Additionally, it analyzes Fielding's satirization of affectation, vanity, and hypocrisy as well as his positive view of chastity within marriage.
3) Finally, the document discusses Fielding's take on class and birth, seeing them as prone to vices like corruption but also sometimes aligned with moral worth. Fielding accepted
John Osborne wrote Look Back in Anger in 1956, drawing on his own experiences. It follows Jimmy Porter, a working class man married to Alison from an upper middle class family. Jimmy vents his anger at society through bitter tirades against Alison and her friend Helena. The play was considered revolutionary for using informal language and portraying disaffected youth. It helped launch the "Angry Young Men" movement in British theater.
1) The poem depicts a world that is falling into disorder and chaos. Images of a falcon flying away from its handler and a "blood-dimmed tide" drowning innocence are used to represent this breakdown of traditional structures.
2) The narrator has a vision of a mysterious beast, with the body of a lion and head of a man, that seems to herald some kind of ominous change rather than the Christian vision of the Second Coming.
3) The poem presents a darker and more pessimistic view of the future as the speaker questions what kind of "rough beast" is heading to Bethlehem to be born, suggesting the end of the old world order and the birth of some unknown threat
George Bernard Shaw was one of Britain's most famous and controversial playwrights. Born in Dublin in 1856, his most famous play was Pygmalion, about a cockney girl who learns to pass as a lady, which was later adapted into the musical My Fair Lady. Shaw helped found the Fabian Society and supported causes like socialism and spelling reform. He wrote many plays that critiqued contemporary social issues using satire and became renowned as an innovative dramatist who revolutionized English theater.
This document discusses Samuel Beckett and his play Waiting for Godot. It provides background on Beckett, describing him as an Irish writer who took part in the French Resistance during World War 2 and wrote in both English and French. It characterizes Waiting for Godot as an absurdist play, noting that it has a minimal plot, loosely constructed characters, and an ambiguous ending. The document also analyzes how the play uses both tragic and comic elements to portray the absurdity and meaninglessness of human existence.
A very useful presentation for the students and faculty as well.
Since its publication, Heart of Darkness has fascinated readers and critics, almost all of whom regard the novel as significant because of its use of ambiguity and (in Conrad's own words) "foggishness" to dramatize Marlow's perceptions of the horrors he encounters.
The presentation is not a mere creation of the author but it is based on various sources and purely designed to assist students in their examination. Quality of this presentation cannot be compared with the original text and genuine criticism of the literature. Students are advised to prefer the original texts for better results.
This document provides context about Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness. It includes a summary of Conrad's life experiences, including his time working in the Belgian Congo which inspired the novella. It also provides historical context about King Leopold II's exploitation of the Congo Free State in the late 19th century. This led to atrocities against the local population and an international campaign against Leopold's rule. The document examines the narrative style of Heart of Darkness, including its frame narrative structure and use of light and dark motifs. It also discusses the novella's circular structure and Conrad's technique of distancing himself as the author through the frame narrator.
The play "Look Back in Anger" follows Jimmy Porter, an angry young man living in England with his wife Alison. Jimmy constantly insults and provokes both Alison and their friend Cliff through his rants. Alison reveals to Cliff that she is pregnant, though hasn't told Jimmy. Over time, Jimmy's outbursts escalate and Alison decides to leave with her friend Helena, though has second thoughts. In the final act, Alison returns after losing the baby, and finds that her suffering has allowed her and Jimmy to reconnect.
The poem "Thinking of Mohenjo-Daro" by Taufiq Rafat discusses how time relentlessly changes everything. It summarizes that Mohenjo-Daro was an ancient Indus Valley civilization city in present-day Pakistan that was at its peak thousands of years ago, but is now in ruins. The poem reflects on how mighty cities like Mohenjo-Daro, Rome, and Alexandria that were once thriving are now just remnants of the past, as time transforms and destroys all things in its path.
Beckett is believed to have said that the name Godot comes from the French "godillot" meaning a military boot. Beckett fought in the war and so spending long periods of time waiting for messages to arrive would have been commonplace for him. The more common interpretation that it might mean "God" is almost certainly wrong. Beckett apparently stated that if he had meant "God," he would have written "God". Godot: it is relatively common name in French
Beckett is believed to have said that the name Godot comes from the French "godillot" meaning a military boot. Beckett fought in the war and so spending long periods of time waiting for messages to arrive would have been commonplace for him. The more common interpretation that it might mean "God" is almost certainly wrong. Beckett apparently stated that if he had meant "God," he would have written "God". Godot: it is relatively common name in French
Beckett is believed to have said that the name Godot comes from the French "godillot" meaning a military boot. Beckett fought in the war and so spending long periods of time waiting for messages to arrive would have been commonplace for him. The more common interpretation that it might mean "God" is almost certainly wrong. Beckett apparently stated that if he had meant "God," he would have written "God". Godot: it is relatively common name in French
The document discusses key elements of Elizabethan drama including characters, plot, and characterization where good is pitted against bad. It focuses on these core components that define dramas from this period.
The document summarizes Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock" in 3 sentences:
The poem satirizes a real incident where a Lord cuts a lock of hair from a woman named Belinda's head without her permission. It is written as a mock epic in five cantos using rhymed iambic pentameter and deals with the vanities of humankind in a trivial situation. The summary outlines the plot, which involves Belinda getting ready for a card game, a fight over the stolen lock breaking out, and the lock ultimately becoming a star or constellation.
- The speaker has left his country because it is full of youth and life, neglecting the old. As an old man, he feels like a "paltry thing" in this environment.
- He has sailed to the holy city of Byzantium to study the monuments there. He believes this is the only way for his soul to learn how to sing and avoid being a "tattered coat upon a stick."
- In Byzantium, he sees sages standing in God's holy fire as well as a golden bird that scorns earthly things and sings, giving him a vision of spiritual transcendence.
Pip is the protagonist and narrator of Great Expectations. As a child, he meets the wealthy but eccentric Miss Havisham and her adopted daughter Estella. Pip falls in love with Estella but she treats him coldly. Later, Pip receives a mysterious fortune and moves to London to become a gentleman. He learns that the source of his fortune was actually a convict named Magwitch, not Miss Havisham as he had assumed. The novel follows Pip's personal growth and development as he matures and comes to understand the complex social hierarchies and characters that shaped his early life and expectations.
Pip attempts to achieve social advancement and win Estella's love, which puts him in conflict with his core values of loyalty and character. He struggles to choose between the expectations of wealth and status versus his ties to friends and morality. Through interactions with Magwitch, Estella, and Miss Havisham, Pip learns that true happiness comes from within, not without, and returns to the loving friends of his past.
This document provides background information on Charles Dickens and his famous novel Great Expectations. It summarizes that Charles Dickens was born in 1812 in England and wrote many famous novels throughout his career, including Great Expectations published between 1860-1861. His last novel, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, was never completed as Dickens passed away in 1870. The document is the cover of a Penguin Classics edition of Great Expectations.
Great Expectations follows the story of Pip, an orphan boy who expects a fortune from an unknown benefactor. He is taken under the wing of the wealthy Miss Havisham and her adopted daughter Estella. After inheriting a large sum of money, Pip distances himself from his old friends and adopts a snobbish new identity in London. He later discovers that the convict he aided as a child was actually his benefactor and Estella's father. In the end, Pip reconciles with his past and meets Estella again as an adult.
A very graphic depiction of the plot and characters in Charles Dickens' novel Great Expectations; done visually to facilitate teaching the book to high school or community college students
Great expectations: Finished powerpointchelseamarie_
Great Expectations tells the story of Pip, an orphan boy from a village in Kent, England. Pip meets the eccentric and jaded Miss Havisham, who takes an interest in him. Later, Pip learns Miss Havisham was jilted on her wedding day many years ago. Pip is also influenced by the beautiful but cold Estella, who was raised by Miss Havisham. Pip dreams of becoming a gentleman and moving to London after receiving a large inheritance from an unknown benefactor. He eventually learns the identity of his benefactor and the secrets of his past.
This document provides an overview of Charles Dickens' novel Great Expectations. It summarizes that the novel follows the Bildungsroman genre in depicting the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist Phillip Pirrip from childhood to adulthood. Many autobiographical elements from Dickens' own life are reflected in the story. The plot involves Phillip striving for social mobility but eventually realizing the unfairness of class distinctions. The characters of Miss Havisham, Estella, and Joe Gargery are also summarized.
Web marketing includes various online marketing techniques like ecommerce websites, affiliate marketing websites, promotional websites, online advertising, and search engine optimization. It uses the internet as a marketing channel to generate sales leads, sell products/services, and support businesses through activities like affiliate marketing. Affiliate marketing works by driving traffic and sales to partner websites through links and ads, with affiliates receiving rewards like commissions based on sales.
This document discusses share capital and provides guidance on auditing share capital. It defines share capital as funds raised by issuing shares in exchange for cash or other considerations. Share capital can include both common and preferred shares and the amount can change as new shares are issued. The document then provides details on authorized share capital and how it differs from issued share capital. It outlines steps auditors should take to verify share capital is properly classified, authorized share movements are correctly recorded, reserves are properly disclosed, and legal requirements are met. Key points for auditing share capital include checking board minutes, testing share applications to cashbook entries, and verifying compliance with company regulations.
This document discusses consent and contracts. It states that when consent is not free due to coercion, undue influence, fraud, or misrepresentation, the contract is usually voidable by the party whose consent was affected. It defines undue influence as using a dominant position over another party to obtain an unfair advantage. A mistake of fact can be either unilateral, where one party is mistaken, or bilateral, where both parties are mistaken about an essential matter, in which case the contract is void.
Control involves ensuring operations follow established plans, orders, and principles. It measures past performance to identify mistakes and take corrective actions to prevent future issues. Control is a continuous process performed by all managers that establishes standards, measures actual performance, analyzes deviations, and takes steps to correct them. In summary, control verifies conformity to plans and instructions, identifies weaknesses, and works to remedy issues and prevent their recurrence.
The document provides an introduction to a translation studies project analyzing Ernest Hemingway's novel A Farewell to Arms translated into Urdu as Widaa-e-Jang by Ashfaq Ahmad. It discusses the source text by Hemingway, introduces the translator Ashfaq Ahmad and his translation, presents the hypothesis and reviews relevant translation theories that will be applied in the analysis, including those of Nida and Taber, Jakobson, and Vinay and Darbelnet.
This document provides a summary of a model for learning based on learning theories and strategies. It discusses that learning is a change in behavior or knowledge as a result of experience. Key aspects of learning include building connections between new and existing knowledge, overcoming obstacles through continued practice and planning, and maintaining motivation. The model is represented by a picture showing how different areas of knowledge are connected like a roadmap or communication network, and how planning and seeing the entire system can help facilitate the learning process.
From the particular to the universal re-reading pessimism in dream on monke...Fatima Gul
This document provides a summary and analysis of Derek Walcott's play Dream on Monkey Mountain. It argues that while the play seems to present a pessimistic view of attempts to reclaim African identity, a closer reading reveals nuance. While mimicry of white colonizers and the African revival both initially appear futile according to the theories of Fanon, Walcott's text can be read more optimistically. Specifically, the initial stages of Makak's reclamation of his African identity seem authentic in addressing his suffering, despite the revival ultimately descending into madness. This suggests the universal and particular should not be viewed as entirely oppositional.
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This document provides an overview of theories related to translation studies. It discusses Vinay and Darbelnet's model of direct and oblique translation, Catford's model of translation shifts including level and category shifts, and Roman Jakobson's model of equivalence. The document also outlines the structure of a research project analyzing the translation of Gone With the Wind from English to Urdu using these theoretical frameworks.
Cognitivism is a learning theory that looks beyond observable behaviors to explain learning as a mental process. It views humans as active thinkers who process new information by relating it to their prior knowledge through mental constructs. Constructivism, a cognitive learning theory, holds that learning is an active process where learners construct new knowledge by integrating new information into existing mental frameworks. The cognitive approach sees language acquisition as similar to other types of learning, where knowledge is represented and organized mentally according to cognitive principles. Cognitivism has influenced English for Specific Purposes by focusing on giving learners meaningful activities and reading strategies related to their fields to facilitate comprehension and knowledge construction.
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Manu Herbstein is a South African author who has lived in Ghana since 1970. His novel Ama, a Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade won the 2002 Commonwealth Writers Prize and tells the story of a woman captured and sold into slavery in Brazil. Zakes Mda is a critically acclaimed post-Apartheid South African author whose works explore the struggle to maintain traditional African values against Western influences. One such work is The Heart of Redness, which depicts a man returning to a rural village after time abroad. Zoë Wicomb's book You Can't Get Lost in Cape Town explores the experience of "Coloured" South Africans under apartheid through the story of a girl sent to integrate a prestigious school in
The document provides an analysis of the translation of Charles Dickens' novel Great Expectations into Urdu. It begins with an introduction on translation studies and theories of translation. The objectives are then stated as tracing the theoretical framework applied in the translation process. Key research questions focus on identifying the theoretical model used and its application/findings. The literature review outlines theories that will be applied, including Nida's theory of equivalence, Vinay and Darbelnet's translation techniques model, and Catford's linguistic shift approach. The analysis section applies these theories to examine examples from both the source and target texts. Elements like gender, aspect, and semantic fields are compared between the English and Urdu texts based on the outlined translation theories.
The document provides a detailed summary and analysis of the novel "The Tenth Man" by Graham Greene. It discusses how the novel follows Aristotle's three unities of time, action, and place with a clear beginning, middle, and end across its four parts. Some of the major themes explored in the novel include the significance of time and identity, existentialism and the struggle for survival, redemption, and the triumph of good over evil in human nature. In conclusion, the document states that Greene explores the complexity and dynamism of human life while preserving optimism that through faith, one can find new life or satisfaction through their actions.
Naipaul uses sharp imagery to describe Pakistan as fragmented, economically stagnant, and despotically ruled. He argues that Pakistan and Iran use religion for political gain due to lacking scientific progress. Naipaul discusses Pakistan's struggling economy by comparing it to Iran's. He also notes how Pakistani leaders misuse religion, such as General Zia collecting loans under the guise of a pilgrimage. Naipaul questions the original logic of partitioning India, suggesting Muslim leaders exploited religion. Through conversations in Karachi, Naipaul seeks to understand the application of Islam but finds most have limited knowledge and vision, causing him to doubt the potential for an ideal Islamic state.
This document provides an overview of the history and literature of several Caribbean islands including Jamaica, Dominica, Barbados, Trinidad, Saint Lucia, and the wider Caribbean region. It discusses the indigenous peoples, European colonization, the slave trade and its abolition, independence movements, and important post-colonial writers from each island such as George Lamming of Barbados, Merle Hodge of Trinidad, and Roderick Walcott of Saint Lucia. The document examines how these writers addressed themes of identity, racism, and the Caribbean experience under colonial rule in their works.
This document provides a summary of the Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing and discusses how travel writings about India were influenced by European traditions from the 1500s to the present. Early accounts criticized India and depicted Calcutta negatively. By the 19th century, the British lens dominated depictions of India in travel texts. Travel writings established genres and helped the British transition from trade to rule. Accounts documented people, customs and helped assert British dominance and understanding of India. Representations of places like Calcutta shifted from a city of palaces to one of chaos and disease over time.
Ted Hughes' conception of nature is marked by a recognition of violence and aggression that reflects the mood of his era. He highlights the darker, violent aspects of nature unlike Wordsworth. Hughes' poetry depicts different forms of violence through animal imagery - poems like Pike show the brutality and ferocity in nature as pike fish kill their own kind. Bayonet Charge depicts the gory, violent realities of war in contrast to the typical glorification of war. Hughes uses birds and fish to symbolize complex issues of power, authority, and violence in countries like England. His portrayal of the macabre in nature reflects the post-war depression and alienation of his time.
Here are some examples of borrowing from the source text to the target text:
1. Baseball, skiff, Gulf stream, sheet, shark Factory, block and tackle, guano
The translator directly borrowed these English words and terms instead of translating them into Urdu.
2. Calque:
No clear examples of calque found.
3. Literal translation:
Many parts of the source text seem to have been translated literally word-for-word into Urdu, such as descriptions of objects and actions. For example:
"It made the boy sad... and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and harpoon and the sail that was
1. INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
SUBJECT: FICTION
TOPIC: SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TITLE GREAT EXPECTATION AND
PIP’S EXPECTATIONS
SUBMITTED TO: MADAM NEELAM
SUBMITTED BY: HUMA ASLAM
HUMA HAFEEZ
KINZA GHAFOOR
SUMAIRA BIBI
DATE: 25 MAY, 2012
2. The title of the novel great expectations by Charles dickens is a very significant one. The title
can be evaluated by different aspects. The title is ironic and it also has the autobiographical
aspect of Charles dickens prominent in it. The title itself suggests that different characters in the
novel are going to have different expectations. The expectations of the readers are also taken into
account. Along all these aspects expectations of Pip; the protagonist are emphasized in a
remarkable way.
Most importantly Charles dickens own expectations are reflected through the novel‟s title. His
suppressed desires and expectations are expressed especially through the personality of the main
character Pip. Dickens depicts the Victorian society. He was oppressed and disheartened by the
cruel and harsh evils which were prevalent in the society at that time; child hood labor,
hypocrisy, slothfulness, broken families and class discrimination were the evils which flourished
rapidly. Thus Charles dickens has represented all these occurrences through the character of Pip.
So, fundamentally dickens expectations lie in the reformation of the contemporary society which
is portrayed through Pip as he also wants to reform himself.
The title of the novel “Great Expectations” has been chosen well. It has overtones of ironic
bitterness. The great expectations of various characters have an extricable connection. The title is
so obviously ironic. Pip‟s so called expectations are exposed being so empty and vain when he
realizes that it‟s a convict who has been providing for him so that he could pas superficially as a
„gentleman‟ and that he has actually been in love all these years with a murderess‟ daughter.
The Title of the Novel “Great Expectations” has a notable significance for its readers ,as
well. The subject matter of the Novel remains the same throughout; which is common to all
individual‟s lives and is universal. Everyone has some expectations in one‟s life and thus he
strives for the achievement of something better as pip does, in fact the reader identifies himself
with the character of pip.
In the 18th Chapter of the Novel it can be perceived for the first time that why the book
been named “Great Expectations”. There is a sudden dramatic development when the London
lawyer Mr. Jaggers suddenly appears at the bargemen in and then comes to Joes place bringing
the unexpected message that Pip would come into a handsome property and be brought up as a
gentleman in a word, as a young fellow of Great Expectations. Thus the phrase becomes the title
of this great novel. If the expectations of other characters analysis one come to know that almost
every character is prisoned in the cage of desires and wishes. The hero of the novel, Pi is in
search for identity and a family. He wished to be educated in order to get social status and to
become gentleman. He also fancies gaining his love Estella. Miss Havisham is a character who
as a young woman left by her fiancé just minute before her wedding. Hence forth , due to which
still “She was dressed in rich materials – satin lace and silks- all of white ….And she has a long
white veil dependent from her hair and she had bridal flower in her hair , but her hair was white”.
So, her expectation is to obtain revenge on the male sex and so she adopts Estella and
deliberately raises her to be the tool of her revenge.
3. Another important character is Magwitch who was an escaped convict. The kind help of Pip
becomes unforgettable for him that‟s why is devotes himself to earning money that he denotes to
Pip without making him aware that who actually is denoting. Moreover, relatives of Mis
Havisham also have great expectation in a sense that they expect the inheritance of lot of wealth
and money to themselves after the death of Miss Havisham but even that expectation or desire
remains unfulfilled .
Similarly when Pip returns from Miss Havisham house, Mrs. joe hopes to be well mannered.
Along Mrs. Joe, Pumblechook also seems to have some expectations from Pip that Miss
Havisham might help Pip in gaining status as Pip says “while they sat debating what results
would come to me from Miss Havisham acquaintance and favor. They had no doubt that Miss
Havisham would do something for me; there doubts related to form that something would take.
My sister stood out for property .M r Pumble chook was in favor of handsome premium for
binding me apprentice to some genteel trade”. But all their hopes were devastated.
Pip has different stages of expectations which are interlinked with developmental phases of his
life. Pips expectations seems to be the main concern as these are more emphasized than those of
others . Foremost aspect of Pips life is that he lacks a proper family he is an orphan her sister is
responsible for bringing him up. The treatment that she gives him has made him fragile and
sensitive the girl Estella also insults him by calling him a boy, though she is of his age. Thus in
such a way the complex of inferiority and uncertainty are induce into his personality. Hence forth
the urge of getting some status in the society has been induced in his mind. Pip has distorted
family structure though he has a mother like sister with “hard and heavy hand” and a father like
brother in-law; Mr. Joe.
Another important desire of Pip is to acquire education in order to become a gentleman, he wants
to be educated so that he could be a knowledgeable and well mannered person so that he could
become uncommon and respectable. He wants to enjoy some social status in society. This urge
comes into his mind due to the attitude of Estella, her proud and haughty behavior with him. She
makes fun of him by pointing out his “thick boots” and “coarse hands” again and again. This
inferiority complex induce by Estella forces pip for “becoming uncommon” and he knows that it
can only be done making himself educated and well mannered . The behavior of Estella and
influence of Satis house put so pressure on Pips mind and his expectations has grown so much
that he even starts feeling a ashamed of his poor little house, of Joe‟s mannerism and education.
All these things seems to be a hurdle in his way of becoming a gentleman as he says “I wished
that Joe had been rather more gently brought u and then I should have been so too”. Therefore
instantly takes the help if biddy to read and right.
Pips sees his expectation being fulfilled when a lawyer named Mr. Jaggers advocates I kind of
different education for Pip , for that now he is supposed to be a gentle man rather than
blacksmith. When he takes him away to London, Pip energetically gets involved into becoming a
gentleman. The expectation of being wealthy and rich provides him a stimulus to be a egoistic
4. and haughty. Now the ways of upper class attract him and so he starts adopting them, due to
which he feels embracement of his previous relatives as David Daiches says „Pip seeks to
become a gentleman and to wash from his mouth forever the flavor of his early life‟. Pip thinks
that being wealthy and gaining a social status are the requisite for being a gentleman which he
has acquired and so now Estella with whom he is in love, should also confess love for him.
Marrying Estella seems to be more desired expectation of Pip. In fact it is either due to the proud
attitude and haughty behavior of Estella or for the sake of Estella that Pip want to get educated ,
civilized gentleman of high social position in a society so that he could unable himself to marry
Estella. Pip is so much blinded by his expectation that he even ignores the arrogant and harsh
behavior of Estella with him as Pip says about Estella „it was impossible for me to separate her,
in the past or in the present, from the inner most life of my life”.
One of the expectations Pip has is that he was certain that Miss Havisham is his real patroness or
„benefactor‟ and „well wisher‟. he seems quite sure that she was planning to bring Estella and hi
m together in marriage but his expectation shattered because actually it was Miss Havisham cruel
plan to wreak vengeance on male folk for her on agony and suffering caused by one of them.
Unfortunately Pips drams are not fulfilled and are absolutely shattered when she „coolly‟ and
cruelly reveals her decision about her marriage with Drumble.
Another expectation of Pip was that after marrying Estella, he would be able to inherit Miss
Havisham‟s property i.e. Satis house, but this expectation of his also turns out ti be un attainable
, he comes to know that Estella is actually daughter of Magwitch. Thus once again his
expectations are shattered .
Concluding all the discussion it can be said that , the title of the novel „Great Expectations‟ by
Charles Dickens does contains a proper significance in fact it depicts the great expectations of
various characters inseparably connected in a remarkable way.