Hip joint - proximal and distal articular surface ppt

The document discusses various pathologies that can affect the hip joint due to alterations in biomechanics. Small changes in forces or joint structure can lead to increased stress and injury over time. Common issues include arthritis/arthrosis from wear and tear, and fractures of the femoral neck which become more likely with age-related bone loss. Conditions like coxa valga/vara and torsion abnormalities of the femur can further impact forces on the joint and predispose to problems. Understanding hip biomechanics and how dysfunctions can influence other areas is important for evaluation and treatment.

1) The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. It supports the weight of the head, arms, and trunk. 2) The hip joint is made up of the femoral head articulating with the acetabulum. Several ligaments and the acetabular labrum provide stability to the joint. The angle of the femoral neck and torsion of the femur also affect biomechanics. 3) During standing and walking, forces from the body weight and ground reaction force act on the hip joint and femoral neck. A system of trabeculae in the femoral neck adapt to these forces. Muscles around the

This document discusses mechanical low back pain, defining it as pain originating from the spine that may be acute or chronic. It describes potential causes like nerve root impingement from herniated discs, musculoskeletal pain syndromes involving the muscles, and skeletal issues. Treatment options discussed include bed rest and light exercise, medications like NSAIDs, chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation, massage, and physical therapy modalities.

The document discusses the biomechanics of the knee joint, including the tibiofemoral joint and patellofemoral joint. It covers the articulating surfaces, degrees of freedom, ligaments, muscles, alignment and weight bearing forces of the knee. It also discusses normal patellar tracking in the trochlear groove during range of motion and the changing contact areas between the patella and femur through different degrees of flexion.

The document discusses hip joint anatomy and biomechanics from the perspective of total hip arthroplasty. It describes key terms like kinematics and kinetics. It provides details on normal ranges of motion for the hip. It discusses femoral head anatomy and the forces acting on the hip during single leg stance, which can be up to 4 times body weight. Factors like leg length, weight, and abductor lever arm influence joint loading.

Running requires greater balance, muscle strength, and joint range of motion compared to walking. During running, the ground reaction forces and center of pressure increase to 250% of body weight, double that of walking. The gait cycle of running consists of stance and swing phases. Key differences from walking include less time in contact with the ground, greater joint motion, and more eccentric muscle work. Running utilizes a float period where both feet are off the ground, distinguishing it from walking. Proper running form involves dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the ankle, as well as flexion and extension of the hip and knee, to efficiently absorb impact and propel the body forward.

This document provides an overview of biomechanics concepts related to the hip joint, including: - Forces acting on the hip joint include body weight and forces generated by hip abductor muscles. The joint reaction force is the force generated within the joint in response. - Parameters like femoral head size, neck length, and offset impact joint stability and the required abductor muscle force. Restoring anatomy reduces joint forces. - Gait adaptations like limping or using a cane bring the body's center of gravity closer to the hip joint, reducing forces on the joint.

This document discusses the biomechanics of the knee joint, including its structure, stability mechanisms, and kinetics. It describes the knee as a complex hinge joint made up of the femur, tibia, and patella. Key stabilizing structures include the collateral and cruciate ligaments, menisci, and surrounding muscles. The document outlines the knee's degrees of freedom and range of motion, including screw-home rotation. It also analyzes the forces acting on the knee during activities like walking, cycling, and squatting using free body diagrams and dynamic analysis.

The document discusses the biomechanics of the ankle joint. It describes the ankle's functions of stability and mobility. It details the bony structures that make up the ankle joint, including the talocrual joint and inferior tibiofibular joint. It explains the kinematics of the ankle in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, including the axis of rotation. It also discusses the muscles, ligaments, and other factors involved in ankle stability and common mechanisms of injury.

impairments of spine lumbar spine cervical spine forward head posture kyphosis scoliosis movement impairments

The normal ROM for each hip motion is provided along with positioning details for accurate goniometric measurement. Precautions and common limiting factors are also outlined to ensure safe assessment.

Dr. Amrit parihar IKDRC ITS college of physiotherapy, Ahmedabad amritparihar94@yahoo.com 8233341883

biomechanical principles and force loading by hip joint in single limb stance, bilateral stance and standing with cane.

Range of motion (ROM) measurements are performed to evaluate joint impairment, develop treatment goals, assess progress, and modify treatment. ROM is described in 3 planes and axes and measured using a goniometer. Active ROM is voluntary motion while passive ROM uses external assistance. Several factors determine ROM including joint integrity, scarring, age, gender, joint shape, and health of surrounding tissues. Common causes of limited ROM include contractures, arthritis, and pain. Precise positioning and stabilization are needed to reliably measure ROM of various joints like the shoulder, spine, and knee. Standardized testing procedures and documentation of measurements are important.

The biomechanics concept of hip will be given this ppt and the clear picture of weight bearing concept will help you to understand easily......

This document discusses the biomechanics of the elbow joint. It describes the bones and joints that make up the elbow complex, including the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints. It details the range of motion, ligaments, muscles, and biomechanics involved in flexion, extension, pronation and supination. Common injuries around the elbow joint like compression injuries, distraction injuries, and varus/valgus injuries are also summarized.

The document discusses the biomechanics of the hip complex, including its articulations, angles, ligaments, musculature, and kinematics. Key points include descriptions of the proximal and distal articular surfaces, angles of inclination and torsion, capsular ligaments, weight bearing structures, and osteokinematics of the femur and pelvis during motions like flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation. Gait and stance mechanics are analyzed, such as bilateral stance, unilateral stance, and trunk listing with calculations of joint torques and forces.

The document summarizes the structure and function of the hip joint. It describes the hip joint as a ball and socket joint formed by the acetabulum of the pelvis articulating with the femoral head. It has 3 degrees of freedom including flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and medial/lateral rotation. The document outlines the bones, ligaments, and angles that make up the hip joint, as well as some common abnormalities.

The hip joint connects the femur to the pelvis and supports the weight of the upper body. It has a ball and socket structure, with the femoral head forming the ball and the acetabulum forming the socket. Several ligaments stabilize the hip joint, including the iliofemoral ligament which resembles an inverted Y shape. The hip joint allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Femoroacetabular impingement can occur if the femoral head or acetabulum have abnormal shapes that cause them to impinge upon each other.

The document discusses the anatomy of the pelvic girdle and femur. It describes the bones that make up the pelvic girdle - the hip bones, pubic symphysis and sacrum. It then details the individual bones, their features and articulations. This includes the sacroiliac joint and hip joint. It also outlines the ligaments supporting these joints and the movements they allow. Finally, it lists some of the muscles involved in hip joint movement.

The document describes the anatomy of the lower limb, including the pelvis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, and hip joint. It discusses the bones that make up each part and their blood supply, fractures commonly seen in each bone, and movements at the hip joint. The lower limb consists of the gluteal region, thigh, leg, and foot and its main functions are to support body weight and enable locomotion.

The cervical spine consists of several joints including the atlanto-occipital joint and the atlanto-axial joint. It provides mobility but sacrifices stability, making it vulnerable to injury. The cervical spine can flex and extend between 15-20 degrees, side bend about 10 degrees, and rotate 50 degrees at the atlanto-axial joint. It is stabilized by muscles like the sternocleidomastoid and ligaments such as the transverse ligament of the atlas. Injuries can cause neck pain and symptoms extending into the head, arms, and shoulders.

this is a presentation on atlanto-axial and atlanto-occipital joints. after reading this, most of you will know about atlas and axis, joint type, anatomy of joint, movements allowed by joint and its clinical considerations.

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint that connects the femur to the pelvis. It is the body's largest weight bearing joint. The rounded head of the femur fits into the cup-shaped acetabulum of the pelvis. Strong ligaments and muscles provide stability to the joint. Damage to any of the hip joint components can negatively affect its range of motion and weight bearing ability, and may require hip replacement surgery. The hip allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation.

It is very essential to know about the hip complex for the medico person. The knowledge of hip complex is necessary to know about gait abnormalities.

This document describes the anatomy of the hip joint. It discusses the bones that make up the joint, including the femoral head, femoral neck, and acetabulum. It describes the articular surfaces and cartilage in the joint. It also discusses the capsule, ligaments, blood supply, nerve supply, range of motion, muscles that act on the joint, and biomechanics of the hip joint.

This document discusses the structure and biomechanics of the hip joint. It describes the anatomy of the acetabulum and femoral head that form the ball and socket joint. It details the angles of the acetabulum, including the center edge angle and acetabular anteversion angle. It also describes the acetabular labrum and angles of the femur relative to the shaft. The primary function of the hip joint is to support weight and enable mobility through walking, running, and other activities.

The vertebral column is a complex structure composed of 33 vertebrae and intervertebral disks that meets the demanding needs of mobility and stability. It protects the spinal cord and attaches the pelvis. Each vertebra has a cylindrical vertebral body anteriorly and an irregularly shaped neural arch posteriorly. The vertebrae are arranged into five regions with variations to meet functional demands. Curves in the vertebral column provide increased resistance to compression and change throughout development. Intervertebral disks separate and cushion vertebrae. The vertebral column undergoes motions of flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and coupled rotations which place structures under varying degrees of compression and tension resisted by ligaments, disks, and facets.

The cervical spine consists of seven vertebrae that provide mobility but less stability than other regions of the spine. It has three subsystems that contribute to stability - passive (bones and ligaments), active (muscles), and neural control. Cervical instability occurs when the neutral zone between ranges of motion increases, the stabilizing subsystems can no longer compensate, and motion quality becomes poor. It can result from trauma, surgery, disease, or degeneration and often involves pain.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a hinge and gliding joint located in the skull that allows for depression, elevation, protraction, and retraction movements. It is formed by the mandibular condyle articulating with the temporal bone and is supported by ligaments and an articular disc that separates the bones. TMJ disorders can cause widespread pain in the head due to irritation of the trigeminal nerve, which innervates the face and head.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a hinge and gliding joint located in the skull that allows for depression, elevation, protraction, and retraction movements. It is formed by the mandibular condyle articulating with the temporal bone and is supported by ligaments and an articular disc that separates the bones. TMJ disorders can cause widespread pain in the head due to irritation of the trigeminal nerve, which innervates the face and scalp.

The hip joint is a ball and socket synovial joint that connects the femur to the acetabulum. It is the largest and most stable joint in the body. The hip joint allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Several strong ligaments reinforce the hip joint capsule to provide stability, including the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments. The main muscles that act on the hip joint are the gluteal muscles, iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, and adductors.

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint that connects the femur to the pelvis. It has 3 degrees of freedom and its primary function is to support the weight of the head, arms, and trunk. The hip joint has an acetabulum socket in the pelvis and a femoral head ball. It is surrounded by strong ligaments and a capsule that provide stability, especially in extension. The hip joint positioning in extension, slight abduction and medial rotation places the joint in its closest packed and most stable position.

The document provides an overview of the anatomy and examination of the hip joint. It describes the hip joint as the largest joint in the body that connects the femur to the acetabulum. It details the articular surfaces, bones, ligaments, muscles, nerves, blood supply and movements of the hip joint. The document also discusses ossification of the hip bone and bursae that can form around the joint.

This document provides an overview of the biomechanics of the knee complex. It describes the anatomy of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints, including the femoral condyles, tibial plateaus, and alignment of the femur and tibia. It also discusses how weight bearing forces are distributed during static and dynamic activities, and how malalignment can increase stresses on the medial or lateral compartments.

Shoulder joint