Html

INTRODUCTION HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language predominant markup language for web pages Developed by World Wide Web Consortium & WHATWG Type of format Markup language

HTML Tags HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html> HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b> The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags HTML tags are not case sensitive

HTML Headings HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. HTML Paragraphs HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag. HTML Links HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. HTML Images HTML images are defined with the <img> tag. HTML Comments Comments can be inserted in the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable but they are ignored by the browser and are not displayed.

HTML Element An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag and ends with an end tag / closing tag The element content is everything between the start and the end tag Some HTML elements have empty content . Eg.line break Empty elements are closed in the start tag Most HTML elements can have attributes

HTML Attributes Attributes provide additional information about the element Attributes are always specified in the start tag Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value" HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. Eg. <a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>

HTML Styles Styles was introduced to style HTML elements using the style attribute, or indirectly in separate style sheets (CSS) Style Examples: Background Color Font Family, Color and Size Text Alignment

HTML Links Link syntax: <a href="url">Link text</a> A hyperlink is an address to a resource on the web. An anchor is a term used to define a hyperlink destination inside a document. The HTML anchor element <a>, is used to define both hyperlinks and anchors.

HTML Images In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. To display an image on a page, you need to use the src attribute. Src stands for "source". The value of the src attribute is the URL of the image The syntax of defining an image: <img src="url" /> The browser puts the image where the image tag occurs in the document. The alt attribute is used to define an "alternate text" for an image. The "alt" attribute gives information of what is missing on a page if the browser can't load images.

HTML Tables Tables are defined with the <table> tag. A table is divided into rows (with <tr> tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with <td> tag) where td stands for "table data," which is the content of a data cell. Headings in a Table Headings in a table are defined with the <th> tag.

HTML Lists Unordered Lists An unordered list is a list of items marked with bullets. An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. <ul> <li>Coffee</li> </ul> Coffee

Ordered Lists An ordered list is also a list of items marked with numbers. An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. <ol> <li>Coffee</li> </ol> 1.Coffee

Definition Lists A definition list is not a list of single items. It is a list of items with a description of each item. A definition list starts with a <dl> tag ( d efinition l ist). Each term starts with a <dt> tag ( d efinition t erm). Each description starts with a <dd> tag ( d efinition d escription). <dl> <dt>Coffee</dt> <dd>Black hot drink</dd> </dl> Coffee Black hot drink

HTML Forms and Input A form is an area that can contain form elements that allow the user to enter information (like text fields, textarea fields,radio buttons, checkboxes) in a form. A form is defined with the <form> tag. The most used form tag is the <input> tag. When the user clicks on the "Submit" button, the content of the form is sent to the server.

HTML Colors HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values. The lowest value to the light sources is 0 and highest value is 255. Hex values are written as 3 double digit numbers, starting with a # sign. It gives a total of more than 16 million different colors to play with (256 x 256 x 256).

HTML Frames With frames, we can display more than one HTML document in the same browser window. Each HTML document is called a frame, and each frame is independent of the others. The <frameset> tag defines how to divide the window into frames The <frame> tag defines what HTML document to put into each frame The disadvantages of using frames are: The web developer must keep track of more HTML documents It is difficult to print the entire page

TAG DESCRIPTION  Defines a comment <!DOCTYPE> Defines the document type <a> Defines an anchor < abbr > Defines an abbreviation <acronym> Defines an acronym <address> Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document <applet> Deprecated. Defines an embedded applet <area /> Defines an area inside an image-map <b> Defines bold text <base /> Defines a default address or a default target for all links on a page < basefont /> Deprecated. Defines a default font, color, or size for the text in a page < bdo > Defines the text direction <big> Defines big text < blockquote > Defines a long quotation <body> Defines the document's body < br /> Defines a single line break STF <button> Defines a push button STF

<caption> Defines a table caption <center> Deprecated. Defines centered text <cite> Defines a citation <code> Defines computer code text < col /> Defines attribute values for one or more columns in a table < colgroup > Defines a group of columns in a table for formatting < dd > Defines a description of a term in a definition list <del> Defines deleted text < dfn > Defines a definition term <dir> Deprecated. Defines a directory list <div> Defines a section in a document <dl> Defines a definition list < dt > Defines a term (an item) in a definition list < em > Defines emphasized text < fieldset > Defines a border around elements in a form <font> Deprecated. Defines font, color, and size for text <form> Defines an HTML form for user input <frame /> Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset

<h1> to <h6> Defines HTML headings <head> Defines information about the document <hr /> Defines a horizontal line <html> Defines an HTML document <i> Defines italic text < iframe > Defines an inline frame < img /> Defines an image <input /> Defines an input control <ins> Defines inserted text <isindex> Deprecated. Defines a searchable index related to a document < kbd > Defines keyboard text <label> Defines a label for an input element <legend> Defines a caption for a fieldset element < li > Defines a list item <link /> Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource <map> Defines an image-map <menu> Deprecated. Defines a menu list <meta /> Defines metadata about an HTML document < noframes > Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames

< noscript > Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts <object> Defines an embedded object < ol > Defines an ordered list < optgroup > Defines a group of related options in a select list <option> Defines an option in a select list <p> Defines a paragraph < param /> Defines a parameter for an object <pre> Defines preformatted text <q> Defines a short quotation <s> Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text < samp > Defines sample computer code <script> Defines a client-side script <select> Defines a select list (drop-down list) <small> Defines small text <span> Defines a section in a document <strike> Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text <strong> Defines strong text <sup> Defines superscripted text

Html

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