和音
和音（粵拼：wo6 jam1；英文：harmony）喺樂理上係指若干個同時出現但音高等特性上有異嘅聲，同埋聽首音樂嗰個人對呢啲聲嘅感知。亦都可以包埋啲音符喺出現時間上相近得好交關，令聽嘅人覺得呢幾個音符係同時出現嘅：例如係想像一座鋼琴，彈嗰個人一嘢三隻手指同時撳落去中央 C、對上嗰個 E 音（E4）同對上嗰個 G 音（G4）呢三個 key 嗰度，令到呢幾個音符一齊出現，就可以算係一吓和音[註 1][1]。
和音可以包埋琶音（arpeggio）等嘅分解和弦，分解和弦意思係指可能嗰柞音符實質上唔係同時出現嘅，但佢哋之間嘅時間差好短，令到聽嘅人覺得佢哋係同時出現，或者最少將佢哋視為同一嚿物體，呢種情況常見於笛或者小號等唔能夠同時發出多過一個音符嘅樂器[2]。
和弦
[編輯]和弦（chord）係和音嘅一個單位，指三個或者以上嘅音符俾聽嘅人覺得佢哋同時出現。和弦係作曲上好重要嘅一樣嘢，例如和弦行進（chord progression）係指一連串嘅和弦，同埋啲和弦點樣隨時間而變化，例如下面呢串和弦行進係好出名嘅 C 大調 IV–V–I 行進（IV–V–I progression）[註 2][3]：
而眾體行進（omnibus progression）就係指一段聲入面啲和弦嘅音符慢慢噉向相反方向行進－即係話有條和弦，條和弦嗰啲音符喺音高上隨時間彼此之間愈嚟愈近或者愈嚟愈遠，好似係以下呢段嘢嘅下五線譜噉，就見到兩個音符之間愈嚟愈遠[4]：
樂理上嘅研究會將唔同嘅和弦行進分門別類，包含思考「邊啲音符一齊響傾向會好聽」或者「邊啲和音傾向令聽嘅人產生乜嘢情緒」呀噉[5]，而作曲嘅人會運用呢啲知識，作出能夠達到自己想要嘅效果嘅樂曲。順帶一提，唔同曲種偏好嘅和弦行進都唔同[3]，例如眾體行進喺西洋古典樂裏面成日都見到[6]，而另一方面，世界上有啲地區嘅傳統音樂反而係完全唔會使用和弦同和弦行進嘅[7]。
註釋
[編輯]睇埋
[編輯]攷
[編輯]- ↑ Ronald Pen, Introduction to Music (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992): 81. ISBN 0-07-038068-6. "A triad is a set of notes consisting of three notes built on successive intervals of a third."
- ↑ Kamien, Roger (2008). Music: An Appreciation, p.43. McGraw Hill.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Benward & Saker (2003). Music: In Theory and Practice, Vol. I, pp. 67, 359. 7th Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0."A chord is a harmonic unit with at least three different tones sounding simultaneously." "A combination of three or more pitches sounding at the same time."
- ↑ Yellin, Victor Fell. The Omnibus Idea. Warren, MI: Harmonie Park Press, 1998.
- ↑ Dahlhaus, Carl. Gjerdingen, Robert O. trans. (1990). Studies in the Origin of Harmonic Tonality, p. 141. Princeton University Press.
- ↑ Telesco, P. J. (1998). Enharmonicism and the Omnibus Progression in Classical-Era Music. Music Theory Spectrum, 20(2), 242-279.
- ↑ Malm, William P. (1996). Music Cultures of the Pacific, the Near East, and Asia, 3rd edition.
拎
[編輯]- Harmony (music). Encyclopaedia Britannica.
