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  The Consequences of Paying to Publish

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  In the last part of the previous century, the world witnessed the rise of a movement aiming to organise access towards scientific knowledge in a more egalitarian manner. The initial aims of the open science movement, as it was coined, revolved around ensuring fair access to scientific, or scholarly, literature (Fecher and Friesike 2013). Exorbitant prices are often practised for this type of liter

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  • 2024/11/14 19:15
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  Exploring the applicability of large language models to citation context analysis - Scientometrics

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  Exploring the applicability of large language models to citation context analysis Published: 24 September 2024 (2024) Cite this article Unlike traditional citation analysis, which assumes that all citations in a paper are equivalent, citation context analysis considers the contextual information of individual citations. However, citation context analysis requires creating a large amount of data th

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  • 2024/09/25 21:56
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  ChatGPT is bullshit - Ethics and Information Technology

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  Large language models (LLMs), programs which use reams of available text and probability calculations in order to create seemingly-human-produced writing, have become increasingly sophisticated and convincing over the last several years, to the point where some commentators suggest that we may now be approaching the creation of artificial general intelligence (see e.g. Knight, 2023 and Sarkar, 202

  • テクノロジー
  • 2024/06/10 09:22

  • 論文
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  Statistical manifold with degenerate metric - Information Geometry

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  Amari, S.: Information Geometry and Its Application. Springer, Berlin (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55978-8 Book Google Scholar Amari, S., Nagaoka, H.: Method of Information Geometry. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2000) Google Scholar Arnol’d, V.I., Gusein-Zade, S.M., Varchenko, A.N.: Singularities of Differentiable Maps I. Birkhäuser, Basel (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-817

  • 世の中
  • 2024/06/10 07:35
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  Theories of Discrimination

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  This chapter reviews the main theories developed to explain discrimination. Mirroring the historical development of the field, while reflecting a theoretically systematic approach, the chapter adopts an approach by analytical scales to present and discuss theories of discrimination. The first section presents theories seeking the cause of prejudice and discrimination at the individual level, the s

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  • 2024/03/27 19:44
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  Relictithismia kimotsukiensis, a new genus and species of Thismiaceae from southern Japan with discussions on its phylogenetic relationship - Journal of Plant Research

  2 users

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  The family Thismiaceae J.Agardh, commonly referred to as “fairy lanterns” for their vibrant, urn- or bell-shaped flowers with basally fused tepals, consists of non-photosynthetic flowering monocots primarily found in tropical regions, with extensions into subtropical and temperate areas (Garrett et al. 2023; Merckx and Smets 2014; Thorogood and Mat Yunoh 2021). Most studies considered that this fa

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  • 2024/03/01 16:09
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  Anti-vaccine rabbit hole leads to political representation: the case of Twitter in Japan - Journal of Computational Social Science

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  The global spread of COVID-19 has highlighted the challenge posed by anti-vaccine attitudes. Despite scientific evidence that supports the effectiveness of vaccines in reducing the severity and mortality rates of COVID-19 infections, a significant segment of the population remains hesitant about or completely resistant to vaccination. This vocal minority presents a significant obstacle to public h

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  • 2024/02/06 12:00

  • エレクトリック
  • university
  • 医療
  • science
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  An Introduction to Stochastic Thermodynamics

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  This book presents the fundamentals of stochastic thermodynamics, one of the most central subjects in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. It also explores many recent advances, e.g., in information thermodynamics, the thermodynamic uncertainty relation, and the trade-off relation between efficiency and power. The content is divided into three main parts, the first of which introduces readers to

  • 暮らし
  • 2023/08/13 23:40

  • book
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  Does social rigidity predict cognitive rigidity? Profiles of socio-cognitive polarization - Psychological Research

  3 users

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  Since Adorno and colleagues’ classic work on the authoritarian personality, psychologists and sociologists have theorized a connection between different forms of social rigidity (Cools & Robbins, 2004; Kehagia et al., 2010, Adorno et al.,1950; Frenkel-Brunswik, 1948, 1949, 1951; Jost, 2017). While most of the theories have hypothesized a relationship between a rigid ‘cognitive style’ of reasoning

  • 学び
  • 2023/07/31 12:18

  • 心理
  • 科学
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  Learning from mistakes in climate research - Theoretical and Applied Climatology

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  There is a strong degree of agreement in climate sciences on the question regarding anthropogenic climate change. Anderegg et al. (2010) suggested that 97–98 % of the actively publishing climate researchers support the main conclusions by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (IPCC 2007). Cook et al. (2013) reviewed nearly 12,000 climate abstracts and received 1200 self-ratings from

  • テクノロジー
  • 2023/07/21 15:01
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  Instructor fluency leads to higher confidence in learning, but not better learning - Metacognition and Learning

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  Instructor fluency leads to higher confidence in learning, but not better learning Published: 28 July 2017 Volume 13, pages 1–14, (2018) Cite this article Students’ judgements of their own learning often exceed their knowledge on a given topic. One source of this pervasive overconfidence is fluency, the perceived ease with which information is acquired. Though effects of fluency on metacognitive j

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  • 2023/06/13 20:43
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  Brief Report: Sex Differences in ASD Diagnosis—A Brief Report on Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behaviors - Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

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  American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th edn.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. Book Google Scholar Attwood, T., Grandin, T., Bolick, T., Faherty, C., Iland, K., Myers, J. M., & Wroble, M. (2006). Asperger’s and girls. Texas: Future Horizons. Google Scholar Bodfish, J. W., Symons, F. W., & Lewis, M. H. (1999). The Repetitive B

  • 世の中
  • 2023/06/08 21:36

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  Spatial machine learning: new opportunities for regional science - The Annals of Regional Science

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  Since its growth on the 1980s, machine learning (ML) has attracted the attention of many disciplines which are based on quantitative methods. Machine learning uses automated algorithms to discover patterns from data and enable high-quality forecasts, although the relationships between input data have not been widely studied. This is contrary to classic statistics and econometrics, which are design

  • テクノロジー
  • 2023/03/16 07:40
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  Incidence of and Ivermectin Prescription Trends for COVID-19 in Japan - Journal of General Internal Medicine

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  Ivermectin has been used to treat coronavirus disease (COVID-19),1 despite a lack of evidence for its effectiveness2 and reports of adverse events.3 In Japan, the potential effectiveness of ivermectin for COVID-19 has been widely publicized by the media with the support of a group of physicians.4 However, there have been no studies on how ivermectin, a drug with unknown effects as a treatment opti

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  • 2023/01/16 09:31
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  Scientists are working overtime: when do scientists download scientific papers? - Scientometrics

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  Alesina, A., Glaeser, E., & Sacerdote, B. (2005). Work and leisure in the United States and Europe: Why so different? NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 20, 1–64. Article Google Scholar Barabasi, A. L. (2005). The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics. Nature, 435(7039), 207–211. Article Google Scholar Barnett, A., Mewburn, I., & Schroter, S. (2019). Working 9 to 5, not the way to make an ac

  • テクノロジー
  • 2022/10/19 19:26
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  Visions of Artificial Intelligence and Robots in Science Fiction: a computational analysis - International Journal of Social Robotics

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  Science fiction (SF) as a literary genre draws on the interaction between technology and society. SF describes the influence of technology on society in terms of human drama based on compelling storytelling. The SF genre is an important component of our contemporary society owing to its popularization of science and technology along with an understanding of their transformative potential. The impa

  • テクノロジー
  • 2022/09/04 20:24

  • ロボット
  • AI
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  Designing Data Spaces

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  This open access book provides a comprehensive view on data ecosystems and platform economics from methodical and technological foundations up to reports from practical implementations and applications in various industries. To this end, the book is structured in four parts: Part I “Foundations and Contexts” provides a general overview about building, running, and governing data spaces and an intr

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  • 2022/08/12 22:52

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  How a Gene from Japan Revolutionized the World of Wheat: CIMMYT’s Quest for Combining Genes to Mitigate Threats to Global Food Security

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  How a Gene from Japan Revolutionized the World of Wheat: CIMMYT’s Quest for Combining Genes to Mitigate Threats to Global Food Security Thomas A. Lumpkin4 Conference paper Open Access In 1935, the work of Japanese scientist Gonjiro Inazuka to cross a semi-dwarf Japanese wheat landrace with two American varieties resulted in an improved semi-dwarf variety, known as Norin 10. Unlike other varieties,

  • テクノロジー
  • 2022/07/06 07:47
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  A practical guide to multi-objective reinforcement learning and planning - Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems

  2 users

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  In most real-world decision problems, we care about more than one aspect. For example, if we have a water reservoir with a hydro-electric power plant we may care about maximising energy production, while minimising irrigation deficits as well as minimising the risk of flooding [19, 122, 133]. In medical treatment, we may want to maximise the effectiveness of the treatment, while minimising a varie

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  • 2022/04/16 06:42
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  Motor restrictions impair divergent thinking during walking and during sitting - Psychological Research

  2 users

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  The notion that walking and thinking are linked goes back to the Peripatetic school of philosophy in ancient Greece and throughout history, there have been anecdotal claims that walking helps people think, solve problems and come up with creative ideas. Over the past couple of decades, some empirical evidence for these claims has been obtained. Creativity has been proposed to involve two main proc

  • テクノロジー
  • 2022/01/25 14:11
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  Docs for Developers

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  Overview Authors: Jared Bhatti 0, Sarah Corleissen 1, Jen Lambourne 2, David Nunez 3, … Heidi Waterhouse 4 Show authors Jared Bhatti Berkeley, USA

  • アニメとゲーム
  • 2021/09/10 14:16
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  Database Design and Implementation

  11 users

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  This textbook examines database systems from the viewpoint of a software developer. This perspective makes it possible to investigate why database systems are the way they are. It is of course important to be able to write queries, but it is equally important to know how they are processed. We e.g. don’t want to just use JDBC; we also want to know why the API contains the classes and methods that

  • テクノロジー
  • 2021/09/09 00:45

  • DB
  • Java
  • 本
  • book
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  Descriptions of two new species of Callogobius (Gobiidae) found in Japan - Ichthyological Research

  9 users

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  Akihito Prince (1984) Suborder Gobioidei. In: Masuda H, Amaoka K, Araga C, Uyeno T, Yoshino T (eds) The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. First English edition. Tokai Univ Press, Tokyo, pp 236–238 Akihito Prince, Meguro K (1977) Five species of the genus Callogobius found in Japan and their relationships. Jpn J Ichthyol 24:113–127 Google Scholar Akihito, Sakamoto K, Iwata A, Ikeda Y (1993) Cepha

  • 世の中
  • 2021/06/24 15:33

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  Impact of university reform on research performance aggregated and disaggregated across research fields: a case study of the partial privatization of Japanese national universities - The Japanese Economic Review

  2 users

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  Universities play an important role in the creation and accumulation of knowledge. They drive technological innovation and create positive economic spillovers (Jaffe 1989; Kantor and Whalley 2014). The demand for a more productive form of university governance exists at any time in any country. In Japan, national universities’ political independence and financial autonomy have been recognized as e

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  • 2021/06/15 00:30
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  Elective lung resection after treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia - General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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  A 65-year-old man with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography detected bilateral pneumonia with a lung nodule suspicious for lung cancer. Lobectomy was performed 3 months after the treatment for COVID-19 without any complications. The surgical specimen revealed fibrosis below the pleura with a small collection of lymphocytes and intravascular hemorrha

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  • 2021/05/08 17:02
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  Developing Web Components with TypeScript

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  Create professional and progressive web apps with the native HTML API on the latest technology stack. This book describes the basics of web components and how to create them using plain JavaScript as well as how to make professional applications based on web components using TypeScript. Developing Web Components with TypeScript looks at APIs using examples, techniques, and tricks. You will start w

  • テクノロジー
  • 2021/03/25 16:30

  • book
  • あとで読む
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  From “the Moon Is Rounder Abroad” to “Bravo, My Country”: How China Misperceives the World - Studies in Comparative International Development

  3 users

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  How does the Chinese public perceive the world? Studies on Chinese citizens’ international outlooks focus on subjective attitudes toward foreign countries and international affairs including nationalistic sentiments (Gries and Sanders 2016; Han and Zweig 2010; Johnston 2004; Shi et al. 2011; Woods and Dickson 2017; Zhang et al. 2018).Footnote 1 Some scholars and analysts have also examined the Chi

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  • 2021/03/05 15:24
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  WAIC and WBIC for mixture models - Behaviormetrika

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  Akaike H (1974) A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Trans Autom Control 19(6):716–723 Article MathSciNet MATH Google Scholar Akaike H (1980) On the transition of the paradigm of statistical inference. Proc Inst Stat Math 27:5–12 MathSciNet MATH Google Scholar Aoyagi M (2005) Stochastic complexities of reduced rank regression in Bayesian estimation. Neural Netw 18:924–933 Artic

  • 世の中
  • 2021/02/17 02:32

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