Field Crop Research Institute

Two field experiments were carried out at the farm of the Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt, during 2008 and 2009 rice growing seasons, to determine the effect of some stimulating compound applications and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth and yield of Hybrid 1 (Egyptian hybrid rice). Nitrogen fertilizer levels were (50,100, 150 and 200 kg N ha -1). Stimulating compounds were ascorbic acid, ascobien (13% citric acid, 25% ascorbic acid plus 62% organic materials), hammer (86% humate potassium), pepton (85% amino acid + 12% organic nitrogen + 3% k 2 o) and water as a control. All these compounds were applied twice with the concentration of 1g/litre as a foliar application at 25 and 40 days after transplanting. Increasing nitrogen level from 50 to 200 kg N ha -1 caused significant increase in each of plant height (cm), dry weight (g/m 2), number of tillers hill -1 , number of panicles hill -1 , panicle weight, panicle length, number of filled grain...

Enhancing nutrients use efficiency and protecting rice from environmental stress, can be ascertained by nano fertilizers foliar application. Silicon (Si) as macronutrient has a key role in improving rice growth and sustain yield. The present study was conducted at Rice Research and Training Center during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons in order to determine the efficacy of foliar sprays of nano-Si (30 mg/L and 60 mg/L), N foliar spray (1% and 2%) and their combinations on growth parameters, rice grain yield as well as nutrients content of Giza 178 rice cultivar. A field experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were: control, foliar spray with 1% N (N1), 2% N (N2), 30 mg/L nano-Si (Si1), 60 mg/L nano-Si (Si2), N1Si1, N1Si2, N2Si1 and N2Si2. The results showed that the nano-Si and N foliar fertilizers spray significantly affected number of tillers, leaf area index, crop growth rate, leaf area ratio an...

A field trial was performed in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr ELSheikh, Egypt, during 2018 and 2019 rice growing seasons, to investigate the effect of three sowing dates (May 10th, June 1st and June 20th) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 55, 110 and 165 kg N/ha) on the productivity of Sakha Super 300 variety. The results showed that the sowing date June 1st produced the highest grain yield 10.67 and 10.71 t ha-1 in both seasons. Nitrogen level of 165 kg N ha-1 produced the highest grain yield 10.50 and 10.45 t ha-1 without any significant difference with level of 110 kg N ha-1 in 2018 and 2019 seasons. The interaction between sowing dates and nitrogen levels was highly significant for number of panicles hill-1, panicle length, number of filled grains panicle-1, unfilled grains percentage and 1000-grain weight, as well as grain and straw yield and harvest index in both sea...

Hybrid rice seed production predominantly relies on the pollen ability of restorer lines and the stigma properties of the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines. Improving the pollen ability and agronomic performance of restorer lines could be achieved using mutation to reinforce the outcrossing rate and seed set percentage of CMS lines. Two commercial restorer cultivars (Giza-178 and Giza-179) were treated with three different doses of gamma-ray; 200, 300, and 400 Gy. The derived mutant restorer lines were selfed and constantly evaluated with their corresponding parental cultivars until the M6 generation. Six promising mutant lines were chosen based on their performance to be evaluated with their parents for their pollen and agronomic characteristics. The novel-induced mutant restorer lines exhibited significant differences in all studied pollen and agronomic characteristics. The mutant restorer lines R4 and R7 exhibited superior desirable anther length (2.36 and 2.38 mm, in the same...

Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses responsible for reducing crop yields worldwide. In hybrid rice production, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) displays an alternative plan for producing high-yielding hybrid rice depending on the hybrid vigor. Kinetin (Kin) has an essential role during the early phase of grain setting by regulating cell division, assimilate flow, and osmotic modification under water deficit. Growth, floral, and yield-related traits were evaluated in two CMS lines under five irrigation intervals and two concentrations of the phytohormone kinetin. Our study was conducted to explore the effects of irrigation intervals (continuous flooding (CF), irrigation every six (I6), nine (I9), twelve (I12), and fifteen (I15) days, and kinetin exogenously applied (control, 15 mg L−1, and 30 mg L−1) on growth, floral, and yield-related traits. Growth traits (i.e., number of leaves (NOL), days to complete leaf number (DCLN), days to heading (DTH, 50%), flag leaf area (FLA), a...

Background Water deficit is one of the most significant abiotic factors affecting rice and agricultural production worldwide. In hybrid rice, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important technique for creating high-yielding crop based on heterosis. The phytohormone kinetin (Kin) regulates cell division in plant during the early stages of grain formation, as well as flow assimilation and osmotic regulation under water stress. The present study performed to estimate the effects of irrigation intervals (irrigation each six days (I6), nine days (I9), twelve days (I12) and fifteen days (I15) against continuous flooding (CF, each three days)) and kinetin exogenously application (control, 15 mg L−1 and 30 mg L−1) on hybrid rice (L1, IR69625A; L2, G46A and R, Giza 178 R) seed production. Results Leaves traits (Chlorophyll content (CHC), relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (SC), Leaf temperature (LT) and transpiration rate (TR)), floral traits such as style length (SL) and...

Two field Experiments were carried out in summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research section Agricultural Research station, El-Gemmiza, Gharbia Governorate. This investigation was conducted to study the response of two rice cultivars (Giza 178 and Egyptian Hybrid 1), Three seedling ages (15, 20 and 25 days after planting) and three transplanting spaces (20 × 20, 25 × 25 and 30 × 30 cm) as well as their interactions on growth characters, yield and its attributes. The main results could be summarized as follows: cultivars significantly differed for all traits, Egyptian Hybrid 1 variety produced the maximum number of tillers / m², number of panicle / m², panicle length (cm) , number of total grains / panicle, 1000- grain weight (g) and grain yield (t/fed). While lowest values of these traits were recorded when using Giza 178 cultivar. Seedling ages had asignificant effect on all studied charactarist. Younger seedlings (15 day old) produced significantly the highest values. While the minimum values of the previous traits were obtained when plants were transplanting at (25 day old) seedlings. Plant spacing significantly differed for all traits. Wider spacing (30×  30 cm) gave maximum number of tillers/ m², number of panicle/ m², panicle length (cm), number of total grains / panicle, 1000- grain weight (g). and grain yield (t/fed) While closer spacing (20×  20 cm) gave the lowest values. Significant effect for the the interaction between the three factors under study. The highest values of all traits were recorded when using Egyptian Hybrid 1 cultivar, youngest seedling age (15 day old) and widest spacing between hills (30×  30 cm).On the other hand, the lowest values were recorded when using Giza 178 cultivar, the oldest seedling age (25 day old) and closest spacing between hills (20×20cm)in the both seasons. In general it could be recommended that, using Egyptian Hybrid 1 with seedling age 15 days and plant spacing of 30 × 30 cm under transplanting.

We have been studying some factors of the system of rice intensification (SRI), According to the obtained results from this study, it can be concluded that, application Egyptian Hybrid 1 cultivar with youngest seedling age (15 day old) and widest spaces between hills and rows (30 × 30 cm) under the system of rice intensification (SRI), could be recommend to raise rice productivity under the environmental conditions of Rice Research section Agricultural Research station, El-Gemmiza, Gharbia Governorate.