Objective: High mortality from cancer and rising patient numbers can trigger distress among oncol... more Objective: High mortality from cancer and rising patient numbers can trigger distress among oncologists because of a heavy and emotionally demanding workload. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the prevalence of high levels of distress among oncologists.
Methods: The PRISMA protocol is registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register (Ref. 2015:CRD42015016325). We categorized data items according to the following distress factors: burnout, psychiatric morbidity, stress, depression, disrupted sleep, stress-induced physical symptoms, and substance use. We meta-analysed the prevalence of burnout and psychiatric morbidity using random effects models with MetaXL software.
Results: The meta-analyses showed that 32% of 4876 oncologists had high burnout (±CI 28% to 36%) and 27% of 2384 had high psychiatric morbidity (±CI 23% to 32%). Studies also showed that 42 to 69% feel stressed at work, > 12% of oncologists screen positive for depression, many oncologists suffer from sleep deprivation, up to 30% drink alcohol in a problematic way, up to 20% of junior oncologists use hypnotic drugs and some frequently experience stress-induced complaints such as ulcers, gastric problems, headaches and arrhythmia.
Conclusions: Occupational distress reduces career satisfaction, affects patient care and increases the chances of oncologists switching to another area of medicine therefore future research should explore appropriate interventions.
When a recruiter is assessing a large number of job candidates, the stereotype "What is beau... more When a recruiter is assessing a large number of job candidates, the stereotype "What is beautiful is good" can be used as a cognitive shortcut towards a quick decision. Previous literature has not explained the role of individual differences among recruiters. This article is drawing a possible connection between activation of the stereotype "What is beautiful is good" and recruiters' ideological attitudes, personality, their own physical attractiveness, and their socio-demographic characteristics. Understanding these relations could help to improve selection processes by reducing bias in hiring decisions based on stereotypical thinking. Recruitment staff should be trained about social cognition and Human Resource (HR) departments should establish protocols and policies that anonymise job applicants. HR departments should commission psychometric testing to evaluate personality/ideological attitudes of potential would-be recruitment staff and gain advice about ...
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama skirtingų suvokiamo organizacinio teisingumo aspektų reikšmė socialinei i... more Straipsnyje nagrinėjama skirtingų suvokiamo organizacinio teisingumo aspektų reikšmė socialinei identifikacijai su darbo grupe viešojo ir privataus sektoriaus organizacijose ir aptariami gauti rezultatai. [The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of different aspects of perceived organizational justice on social identification with group in public and private sector.]
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2014
Abstract Nurses suffer disproportionate levels of stress and are at risk of sickness-absence and ... more Abstract Nurses suffer disproportionate levels of stress and are at risk of sickness-absence and turnover intentions but there is a lack of research clarifying preventions. This study investigated the impact of inductions (job preparation courses) about mental health for nurses' job stress, general health and organizational commitment. Data from 6,656 nurses were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), showing that mental health inductions increase nurses' job satisfaction, which reduces their occupational stress and improves their health. SEM showed that these occupational health benefits increase the nurses' commitment to the organization. Job satisfaction (feeling valued, rewarded) also had a direct effect on nurses' intentions to continue working for the organization. Mental health inductions are therefore beneficial beyond job performance: they increase occupational health in the nursing profession.
Background: Poor occupational health of employees is a powerful psychological force linked to neg... more Background: Poor occupational health of employees is a powerful psychological force linked to negative consequences for employees themselves, their organizations, and patients. Studies reveal that doctors who work in palliative medicine experience high levels of stress, burnout and fatigue which is caused by dealing with terminally ill patients and their relatives. Therefore, understanding doctors' occupational health is extremely important in order to plan and implement a psychologically healthy work environment in palliative medicine.
Theoretical arguments suggest that transformational leaders deter work harassment by facilitating... more Theoretical arguments suggest that transformational leaders deter work harassment by facilitating a moral and ethical environment, by effectively managing stress and employee conflicts, by addressing self-worth of the followers, and by facilitating the core job characteristics of autonomy, feedback, and task identity. In the present study we investigated the potential effect of transformational leadership and the core job characteristics as deterrents of workplace harassment. The findings in a sample of 320 employees demonstrated that the probability to report elevated levels of work harassment was negatively related to transformational leadership. In addition, the relationship between transformational leadership and workplace harassment decreased when three job characteristics were included in the analysis. The mediation analysis in process (Hayes, 2012) indicated that only autonomy partially explained the indirect relationship between transformational leadership and harassment. The present study demonstrated that a transformational leader facilitates autonomy and provides employees with the resources of independence and power. This deters work harassment, because the target does not appear in an inferior position in comparison with the instigator.
Keywords: Work harassment; Transformational leadership; Core job characteristics
Objective: High mortality from cancer and rising patient numbers can trigger distress among oncol... more Objective: High mortality from cancer and rising patient numbers can trigger distress among oncologists because of a heavy and emotionally demanding workload. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the prevalence of high levels of distress among oncologists.
Methods: The PRISMA protocol is registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register (Ref. 2015:CRD42015016325). We categorized data items according to the following distress factors: burnout, psychiatric morbidity, stress, depression, disrupted sleep, stress-induced physical symptoms, and substance use. We meta-analysed the prevalence of burnout and psychiatric morbidity using random effects models with MetaXL software.
Results: The meta-analyses showed that 32% of 4876 oncologists had high burnout (±CI 28% to 36%) and 27% of 2384 had high psychiatric morbidity (±CI 23% to 32%). Studies also showed that 42 to 69% feel stressed at work, > 12% of oncologists screen positive for depression, many oncologists suffer from sleep deprivation, up to 30% drink alcohol in a problematic way, up to 20% of junior oncologists use hypnotic drugs and some frequently experience stress-induced complaints such as ulcers, gastric problems, headaches and arrhythmia.
Conclusions: Occupational distress reduces career satisfaction, affects patient care and increases the chances of oncologists switching to another area of medicine therefore future research should explore appropriate interventions.
When a recruiter is assessing a large number of job candidates, the stereotype "What is beau... more When a recruiter is assessing a large number of job candidates, the stereotype "What is beautiful is good" can be used as a cognitive shortcut towards a quick decision. Previous literature has not explained the role of individual differences among recruiters. This article is drawing a possible connection between activation of the stereotype "What is beautiful is good" and recruiters' ideological attitudes, personality, their own physical attractiveness, and their socio-demographic characteristics. Understanding these relations could help to improve selection processes by reducing bias in hiring decisions based on stereotypical thinking. Recruitment staff should be trained about social cognition and Human Resource (HR) departments should establish protocols and policies that anonymise job applicants. HR departments should commission psychometric testing to evaluate personality/ideological attitudes of potential would-be recruitment staff and gain advice about ...
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama skirtingų suvokiamo organizacinio teisingumo aspektų reikšmė socialinei i... more Straipsnyje nagrinėjama skirtingų suvokiamo organizacinio teisingumo aspektų reikšmė socialinei identifikacijai su darbo grupe viešojo ir privataus sektoriaus organizacijose ir aptariami gauti rezultatai. [The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of different aspects of perceived organizational justice on social identification with group in public and private sector.]
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2014
Abstract Nurses suffer disproportionate levels of stress and are at risk of sickness-absence and ... more Abstract Nurses suffer disproportionate levels of stress and are at risk of sickness-absence and turnover intentions but there is a lack of research clarifying preventions. This study investigated the impact of inductions (job preparation courses) about mental health for nurses' job stress, general health and organizational commitment. Data from 6,656 nurses were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), showing that mental health inductions increase nurses' job satisfaction, which reduces their occupational stress and improves their health. SEM showed that these occupational health benefits increase the nurses' commitment to the organization. Job satisfaction (feeling valued, rewarded) also had a direct effect on nurses' intentions to continue working for the organization. Mental health inductions are therefore beneficial beyond job performance: they increase occupational health in the nursing profession.
Background: Poor occupational health of employees is a powerful psychological force linked to neg... more Background: Poor occupational health of employees is a powerful psychological force linked to negative consequences for employees themselves, their organizations, and patients. Studies reveal that doctors who work in palliative medicine experience high levels of stress, burnout and fatigue which is caused by dealing with terminally ill patients and their relatives. Therefore, understanding doctors' occupational health is extremely important in order to plan and implement a psychologically healthy work environment in palliative medicine.
Theoretical arguments suggest that transformational leaders deter work harassment by facilitating... more Theoretical arguments suggest that transformational leaders deter work harassment by facilitating a moral and ethical environment, by effectively managing stress and employee conflicts, by addressing self-worth of the followers, and by facilitating the core job characteristics of autonomy, feedback, and task identity. In the present study we investigated the potential effect of transformational leadership and the core job characteristics as deterrents of workplace harassment. The findings in a sample of 320 employees demonstrated that the probability to report elevated levels of work harassment was negatively related to transformational leadership. In addition, the relationship between transformational leadership and workplace harassment decreased when three job characteristics were included in the analysis. The mediation analysis in process (Hayes, 2012) indicated that only autonomy partially explained the indirect relationship between transformational leadership and harassment. The present study demonstrated that a transformational leader facilitates autonomy and provides employees with the resources of independence and power. This deters work harassment, because the target does not appear in an inferior position in comparison with the instigator.
Keywords: Work harassment; Transformational leadership; Core job characteristics
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Methods: The PRISMA protocol is registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register (Ref. 2015:CRD42015016325). We categorized data items according to the following distress factors: burnout, psychiatric morbidity, stress, depression, disrupted sleep, stress-induced physical symptoms, and substance use. We meta-analysed the prevalence of burnout and psychiatric morbidity using random effects models with MetaXL software.
Results: The meta-analyses showed that 32% of 4876 oncologists had high burnout (±CI 28% to 36%) and 27% of 2384 had high psychiatric morbidity (±CI 23% to 32%). Studies also showed that 42 to 69% feel stressed at work, > 12% of oncologists screen positive for depression, many oncologists suffer from sleep deprivation, up to 30% drink alcohol in a problematic way, up to 20% of junior oncologists use hypnotic drugs and some frequently experience stress-induced complaints such as ulcers, gastric problems, headaches and arrhythmia.
Conclusions: Occupational distress reduces career satisfaction, affects patient care and increases the chances of oncologists switching to another area of medicine therefore future research should explore appropriate interventions.
Keywords: stress, burnout, psychiatric morbidity, sleep, meta-analysis, oncology, cancer.
Keywords: Work harassment; Transformational leadership; Core job characteristics
Methods: The PRISMA protocol is registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register (Ref. 2015:CRD42015016325). We categorized data items according to the following distress factors: burnout, psychiatric morbidity, stress, depression, disrupted sleep, stress-induced physical symptoms, and substance use. We meta-analysed the prevalence of burnout and psychiatric morbidity using random effects models with MetaXL software.
Results: The meta-analyses showed that 32% of 4876 oncologists had high burnout (±CI 28% to 36%) and 27% of 2384 had high psychiatric morbidity (±CI 23% to 32%). Studies also showed that 42 to 69% feel stressed at work, > 12% of oncologists screen positive for depression, many oncologists suffer from sleep deprivation, up to 30% drink alcohol in a problematic way, up to 20% of junior oncologists use hypnotic drugs and some frequently experience stress-induced complaints such as ulcers, gastric problems, headaches and arrhythmia.
Conclusions: Occupational distress reduces career satisfaction, affects patient care and increases the chances of oncologists switching to another area of medicine therefore future research should explore appropriate interventions.
Keywords: stress, burnout, psychiatric morbidity, sleep, meta-analysis, oncology, cancer.
Keywords: Work harassment; Transformational leadership; Core job characteristics