Yoko Ishigami
Dalhousie University, Community Health and Epidemiology, Department Member
Although it is becoming more and more accepted that driving while talking on a cell phone can be hazardous, most jurisdictions are making handheld phone use illegal while allowing hands- free phone use. The scientific literature exploring... more
Although it is becoming more and more accepted that driving while talking on a cell phone can be hazardous, most jurisdictions are making handheld phone use illegal while allowing hands- free phone use. The scientific literature exploring the effects of these two types of cell phone use on driving and driving-related performance is reviewed here. Our review shows that talking
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Residual switch costs are notoriously difficult to eliminate. Yet Hunt and Klein (2002) eliminated them in a task that required observers to alternate between 8 trials of prosaccades and 8 trials of antisaccades, as long as there was at... more
Residual switch costs are notoriously difficult to eliminate. Yet Hunt and Klein (2002) eliminated them in a task that required observers to alternate between 8 trials of prosaccades and 8 trials of antisaccades, as long as there was at least 1 sec between the task cue and the onset of the saccade target. It was proposed that the elimination of residual switch costs occurred because prosaccade responses are computed very rapidly. These so-called hypercompatible responses bypass memory retrieval stages of the response process, thereby eliminating the source of residual switch costs. Here we tested this hypothesis by requiring observers to alternate between responding with the finger that was vibrated (another task that meets the criteria for hypercompatibility) and responding with the finger of the opposite hand. Residual switch costs were not eliminated, suggesting that their elimination in Hunt and Klein (2002) was due to special properties of the prosaccade-antisaccade task.
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Our conception of attention is intricately linked to limited processing capacity and the consequent requirement to select, in both space and time, what objects and actions will have access to these limited resources. Seminal studies by... more
Our conception of attention is intricately linked to limited processing capacity and the consequent requirement to select, in both space and time, what objects and actions will have access to these limited resources. Seminal studies by Treisman (Cognitive Psychology, 12, 97-136, 1980) and Broadbent (Perception and Psychophysics, 42, 105-113, 1987; Raymond et al. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 849-860, 1992) offered the field tasks for exploring the properties of attention when searching in space and time. After describing the natural history of a search episode we briefly review some of these properties. We end with the question: Is there one attentional "beam" that operates in both space and time to integrate features into objects? We sought an answer by exploring the distribution of errors when the same participant searched for targets presented at the same location with items distributed over time (McLean et al. Quarterly Journ...
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Modulation of attentional capture by attentional control settings was explored using performance and phenomenology. Trials began with four figure-8s presented above, below, left, and right of fixation. Any figure-8 (or none) brightened... more
Modulation of attentional capture by attentional control settings was explored using performance and phenomenology. Trials began with four figure-8s presented above, below, left, and right of fixation. Any figure-8 (or none) brightened uninformatively (cue) before presentation of either a digit target (2 or 5 made from a figure-8 by deletion) calling for a speeded identification, or a line connecting adjacent
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Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Science, Information Visualization, Attention, Adolescent, and 21 moreExecutive Control, Evidence-Based Practice (Psychology), Executive Function, Humans, Cues, Female, Ant, Male, Reaction Time, Young Adult, Spatial Information, Visual Cues, Repeated Measures, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Time Factors, Reproducibility of Results, Psychological Models, Statistical Methods for Neuroscience, Neurosciences, and Acoustic Stimulation
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Abstract Automatic attentional capture by a salient distractor can be prevented by spatial attentional control settings (ACSs)(eg, Yantis and Jonides in J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 16: 121–134, 1990). Earlier, converging evidence... more
Abstract Automatic attentional capture by a salient distractor can be prevented by spatial attentional control settings (ACSs)(eg, Yantis and Jonides in J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 16: 121–134, 1990). Earlier, converging evidence for a spatial ACS (Eason et al. 1969) was found in event-related potentials (ERPs). In these studies, the ACS was defined by a single target-relevant location.