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Zap++: a 20-channel electrical muscle stimulation system for fine-grained wearable force feedback

Published: 04 September 2017 Publication History

Abstract

Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) has been used successfully in HCI to generate force feedback and simple movements both in stationary and mobile settings. However, many natural limb movements require the coordinated actuation of multiple muscles. Off-the-shelf EMS devices are typically limited in their ability to generate fine-grained movements, because they only have a low number of channels and do not provide full control over the EMS parameters. More capable medical devices are not designed for mobile use or still have a lower number of channels and less control than is desirable for HCI research. In this paper we present the concept and a prototype of a 20-channel mobile EMS system that offers full control over the EMS parameters. We discuss the requirements of wearable multi-electrode EMS systems and present the design and technical evaluation of our prototype. We further outline several application scenarios and discuss safety and certification issues.

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      cover image ACM Conferences
      MobileHCI '17: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
      September 2017
      874 pages
      ISBN:9781450350754
      DOI:10.1145/3098279
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      Published: 04 September 2017

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      Author Tags

      1. electrical muscle stimulation
      2. electrode grid
      3. mobile
      4. mobile haptic output
      5. wearable
      6. wearable force feedback

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      • (2024)Shock Me The Way: Directional Electrotactile Feedback under the Smartwatch as a Navigation Aid for CyclistsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765218:MHCI(1-25)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
      • (2024)Can a Smartwatch Move Your Fingers? Compact and Practical Electrical Muscle Stimulation in a SmartwatchProceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3654777.3676373(1-15)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2024
      • (2024)A Touch of Gold - Spraying and Electroplating 3D Prints to Create Biocompatible On-Skin WearablesAdjunct Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/3640471.3680227(1-7)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2024
      • (2024)Paired-EMS: Enhancing Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS)-based Force Feedback Experience by Stimulating Both Muscles in Antagonistic PairsProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642841(1-7)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
      • (2024)Multimodal Haptic Feedback for Virtual Collisions Combining Vibrotactile and Electrical Muscle StimulationIEEE Transactions on Haptics10.1109/TOH.2024.335426817:1(33-38)Online publication date: Jan-2024
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      • (2023)Colorful Electrotactile Feedback on the WristProceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia10.1145/3626705.3627800(172-184)Online publication date: 3-Dec-2023
      • (2023)Interactive Benefits from Switching Electrical to Magnetic Muscle StimulationProceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3586183.3606812(1-12)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2023
      • (2023)Take My Hand: Automated Hand-Based Spatial Guidance for the Visually ImpairedProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3581415(1-16)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
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