Article

Photon differentials

Authors:

Jeppe Revall Frisvad,

Jon SporringAuthors Info & Claims

GRAPHITE '07: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia

Pages 179 - 186

https://doi.org/10.1145/1321261.1321293

Published: 01 December 2007 Publication History

Abstract

A number of popular global illumination algorithms uses density estimation to approximate indirect illumination. The density estimate is performed on finite points -- particles -- generated by a stochastic sampling of the scene. In the course of the sampling, particles, representing light, are stochastically emitted from the light sources and reflected around the scene. The sampling induces noise, which in turn is handled by the density estimate during the illumination reconstruction. Unfortunately, this noise reduction imposes a systematic error (bias), which is seen as a blurring of prominent illumination features. This is often not desirable as these may lose clarity or vanish altogether.

We present an accurate method for reconstruction of indirect illumination with photon mapping. Instead of reconstructing illumination using classic density estimation on finite points, we use the correlation of light footprints, created by using Ray Differentials during the light pass. This procedure gives a high illumination accuracy, improving the trade-off between bias and variance considerable as compared to traditional particle tracing algorithms. In this way we preserve structures in indirect illumination.

References

[1]

Christensen, P. H., Laur, D. M., Fong, J., Wooten, W. L., and Batali, D. 2003. Ray differentials and multiresolution geometry caching for distribution ray tracing in complex scenes. In Proceedings of Eurographics 2003, Blackwell Publishing Inc, Computer Graphics Forum, 543--552.

[2]

Heckbert, P. S. 1990. Adaptive radiosity textures for bidirectional ray tracing. In Computer Graphics, ACM Siggraph Conference proceedings, 145--154.

Digital Library

[3]

Igehy, H. 1999. Tracing ray differential. In Siggraph 1999, Computer Graphics Proceedings, Addison Wesley Longman, Los Angeles, A. Rockwood, Ed., 179--186.

Digital Library

[4]

Jensen, H. W., and Christensen, N. J. 1995. Photon maps in bidirectional monte carlo ray tracing of complex objects. Computers & Graphics 19, 2 (Mar), 215--224.

[5]

Jensen, H. W. 1996. The Photon Map in Global Illumination. PhD thesis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby.

[6]

Jensen, H. W. 2001. Realistic image synthesis using photon mapping. A. K. Peters, Ltd., Natick, MA, USA.

Digital Library

[7]

Myszkowski, K. 1997. Lighting reconstruction using fast and adaptive density estimation techniques. In Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques '97, Springer-Verlag, London, UK, 251--262.

Digital Library

[8]

Nicodemus, F. E., Richmond, J. C., Hsia, J. J., Ginsberg, I. W., and Limperis, T. 1977. Geometrical considerations and nomenclature for reflectance. Tech. rep., National Bureau of Standards (US), Oct.

[9]

Redner, R. A., Lee, M. E., and Uselton, S. P. 1995. Smooth b-spline illumination maps for bidirectional ray tracing. ACM Trans. Graph. 14, 4, 337--362.

Digital Library

[10]

Schjøth, L., Olsen, O. F., and Sporring, J. 2006. Diffusion based photonmapping. In International conference on Computer Graphics -- Theory and Applications, INSTICC Press, Setúbal, Portugal, 168--175.

[11]

Schregle, R. 2003. Bias compensation for photon maps. Computer Graphics Forum 22, 4, 729--742.

[12]

Shirley, P., Wade, B., Hubbard, P. M., Zareski, D., Walter, B., and Greenberg, D. P. 1995. Global Illumination via Density Estimation. In Proceedings of the Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, 219--230.

[13]

Silverman, B. 1986. Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis. Monographs on Statistics and Applied Probability. Chapman and Hall, London-New York.

[14]

Simonoff, J. S. 1996. Smoothing Methods in Statistics. Springer Series in Statistics. Springer-Verlag, New York.

[15]

Suykens, F., and Willems, Y. D. 2000. Density control for photonmaps. In Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag, London, UK, 23--34.

Digital Library

[16]

Suykens, F., and Willems, Y. D. 2001. Path differentials and applications. In Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Springer-Verlag, London, UK, 257--268.

Digital Library

[17]

Walter, B., Hubbard, P. M., Shirley, P., and Greenberg, D. P. 1997. Global illumination using local linear density estimation. ACM Trans. Graph. 16, 3, 217--259.

Digital Library

[18]

Walter, B. 1998. Density estimation techniques for global illumination. PhD thesis, Cornell University.

Digital Library

Cited By

Kougianos GMoustakas K(2021)Large-scale ray traced water caustics in real-time using cascaded caustic mapsComputers and Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2021.06.00898:C(255-267)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.cag.2021.06.008
Zhu SXu ZJensen HSu HRamamoorthi R(2020)Deep Kernel Density Estimation for Photon MappingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1405239:4(35-45)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2020
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14052
Xu XWang BWang LXu YYang CMeng X(2019)A Task and Data Balanced Distributed Photon Mapping MethodComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2019.05.009Online publication date: May-2019
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2019.05.009
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Photon differentials
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Image and video acquisition
        3D imaging
  2. Computer graphics
    1. Animation

Recommendations

Hardware-accelerated global illumination by image space photon mapping
HPG '09: Proceedings of the Conference on High Performance Graphics 2009

We describe an extension to photon mapping that recasts the most expensive steps of the algorithm -- the initial and final photon bounces -- as image-space operations amenable to GPU acceleration. This enables global illumination for real-time ...
Simulating photon mapping for real-time applications
EGSR'04: Proceedings of the Fifteenth Eurographics conference on Rendering Techniques

This paper introduces a novel method for simulating photon mapping for real-time applications. First we introduce a new method for selectively redistributing photons. Then we describe a method for selectively updating the indirect illumination. The ...
Photon Differential Splatting for Rendering Caustics

We present a photon splatting technique which reduces noise and blur in the rendering of caustics. Blurring of illumination edges is an inherent problem in photon splatting, as each photon is unaware of its neighbours when being splatted. This means ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

GRAPHITE '07: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia

December 2007

335 pages

ISBN:9781595939128

DOI:10.1145/1321261

Conference Chair:
Andrew Rohl
iVEC

Copyright © 2007 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 December 2007

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

GRAPHITE07

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH

GRAPHITE07: International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques in Australasia and South East Asia

December 1 - 4, 2007

Perth, Australia

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 124 of 241 submissions, 51%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

25
Total Citations
View Citations
441
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)6
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2

Reflects downloads up to 10 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Kougianos GMoustakas K(2021)Large-scale ray traced water caustics in real-time using cascaded caustic mapsComputers and Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2021.06.00898:C(255-267)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.cag.2021.06.008
Zhu SXu ZJensen HSu HRamamoorthi R(2020)Deep Kernel Density Estimation for Photon MappingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1405239:4(35-45)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2020
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14052
Xu XWang BWang LXu YYang CMeng X(2019)A Task and Data Balanced Distributed Photon Mapping MethodComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2019.05.009Online publication date: May-2019
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2019.05.009
Marco JJarabo AJarosz WGutierrez D(2018)Second-Order Occlusion-Aware Volumetric Radiance CachingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/318522537:2(1-14)Online publication date: 2-Jul-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3185225
Grittmann PPérard‐Gayot ASlusallek PKřivánek J(2018)Efficient Caustic Rendering with Lightweight Photon MappingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1348137:4(133-142)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2018
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13481
Belcour LYan LRamamoorthi RNowrouzezahrai D(2017)Antialiasing Complex Global Illumination Effects in Path-SpaceACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3072959.299049536:4(1)Online publication date: 16-Jul-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3072959.2990495
Belcour LYan LRamamoorthi RNowrouzezahrai D(2017)Antialiasing Complex Global Illumination Effects in Path-SpaceACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/299049536:1(1-13)Online publication date: 6-Jan-2017
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2990495
Spencer BJones MLim I(2015)A Visualization Tool Used to Develop New Photon Mapping TechniquesComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1246434:1(127-140)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1111/cgf.12464
Tandianus BJohan HSeah HLin F(2015)Spectral caustic rendering of a homogeneous caustic object based on wavelength clustering and eye sensitivityThe Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics10.1007/s00371-014-1037-z31:12(1601-1614)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s00371-014-1037-z
Duvenhage BBouatouch KKourie Dde Villiers Cvan der Merwe A(2014)Light Beam Tracing for Multi-Bounce Specular and Glossy Transport PathsProceedings of the Southern African Institute for Computer Scientist and Information Technologists Annual Conference 2014 on SAICSIT 2014 Empowered by Technology10.1145/2664591.2664610(199-208)Online publication date: 29-Sep-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2664591.2664610
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents