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User Authentication via Electrical Muscle Stimulation

Authors:

Haitao ZhengAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Article No.: 6, Pages 1 - 15

https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445441

Published: 07 May 2021 Publication History

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Abstract

We propose a novel modality for active biometric authentication: electrical muscle stimulation (EMS). To explore this, we engineered an interactive system, which we call ElectricAuth, that stimulates the user’s forearm muscles with a sequence of electrical impulses (i.e., EMS challenge) and measures the user’s involuntary finger movements (i.e., response to the challenge). ElectricAuth leverages EMS’s intersubject variability, where the same electrical stimulation results in different movements in different users because everybody’s physiology is unique (e.g., differences in bone and muscular structure, skin resistance and composition, etc.). As such, ElectricAuth allows users to login without memorizing passwords or PINs.

ElectricAuth’s challenge-response structure makes it secure against data breaches and replay attacks, a major vulnerability facing today’s biometrics such as facial recognition and fingerprints. Furthermore, ElectricAuth never reuses the same challenge twice in authentications – in just one second of stimulation it encodes one of 68M possible challenges. In our user studies, we found that ElectricAuth resists: (1) impersonation attacks (false acceptance rate: 0.17% at 5% false rejection rate); (2) replay attacks (false acceptance rate: 0.00% at 5% false rejection rate); and, (3) synthesis attacks (false acceptance rates: 0.2-2.5%). Our longitudinal study also shows that ElectricAuth produces consistent results over time and across different humidity and muscle conditions.

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Junhan Zhou, Yang Zhang, Gierad Laput, and Chris Harrison. 2016. AuraSense: Enabling Expressive Around-Smartwatch Interactions with Electric Field Sensing. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (Tokyo, Japan) (UIST ’16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 81–86. https://doi.org/10.1145/2984511.2984568

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Cited By

Hallal LRhinelander JVenkat R(2024)Recent Trends of Authentication Methods in Extended Reality: A SurveyApplied System Innovation10.3390/asi70300457:3(45)Online publication date: 28-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/asi7030045
Jiao ADuan DXu W(2024)Medusa3D: The Watchful Eye Freezing Illegitimate Users in Virtual Reality InteractionsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765158:MHCI(1-21)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3676515
Shao WLuo SYan ZGanesan DLane NShi W(2024)Cross-content User Authentication in Virtual RealityProceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3636534.3696212(2098-2105)Online publication date: 4-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3636534.3696212
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

User Authentication via Electrical Muscle Stimulation
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
2. Security and privacy
  1. Security services
    1. Authentication
      1. Biometrics

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

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cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

May 2021

10862 pages

ISBN:9781450380966

DOI:10.1145/3411764

General Chairs:
Yoshifumi Kitamura
Tohoku University, Japan
,
Aaron Quigley
University of New South Wales, Australia
,
Program Chairs:
Katherine Isbister
University of California Santa Cruz, USA
,
Takeo Igarashi
The University of Tokyo, Japan
,
Publications Chairs:
Pernille Bjørn
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
,
Steven Drucker
Microsoft Research, USA

Copyright © 2021 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

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New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 07 May 2021

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Refereed limited

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National Science Foundation

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CHI '21

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SIGCHI

CHI '21: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

May 8 - 13, 2021

Yokohama, Japan

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Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

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CHI 2025

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ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 26 - May 1, 2025

Yokohama , Japan

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Citations

Cited By

Hallal LRhinelander JVenkat R(2024)Recent Trends of Authentication Methods in Extended Reality: A SurveyApplied System Innovation10.3390/asi70300457:3(45)Online publication date: 28-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/asi7030045
Jiao ADuan DXu W(2024)Medusa3D: The Watchful Eye Freezing Illegitimate Users in Virtual Reality InteractionsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765158:MHCI(1-21)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3676515
Shao WLuo SYan ZGanesan DLane NShi W(2024)Cross-content User Authentication in Virtual RealityProceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3636534.3696212(2098-2105)Online publication date: 4-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3636534.3696212
Saini APatibanda ROverdevest NVan Den Hoven EMueller FCiolfi LHogan TDöring TJenkins Tvan Dijk JHuron SLi ZCoyle DSigner B(2024)PneuMa: Designing Pneumatic Bodily Extensions for Supporting Movement in Everyday LifeProceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction10.1145/3623509.3633349(1-16)Online publication date: 11-Feb-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3623509.3633349
Jiang HJi PZhang TCao HLiu D(2024)Two-Factor Authentication for Keyless Entry System via Finger-Induced VibrationsIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2024.336833123:10(9708-9720)Online publication date: Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2024.3368331
Liebers JKley TLiebers CGruenefeld USchneegass S(2024)Useckit: An Open-Source Deep-Learning Toolkit Bundling State-Of-The-Art Algorithms for Evaluating Behavioral Biometrics2024 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)10.1109/IJCB62174.2024.10744488(1-10)Online publication date: 15-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCB62174.2024.10744488
Vhaduri SDibbo SMuratyan ACheung W(2024)mWIoTAuth: Multi-wearable data-driven implicit IoT authenticationFuture Generation Computer Systems10.1016/j.future.2024.05.025159(230-242)Online publication date: Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2024.05.025
Wu YShi CZhang TWalker PLiu JSaxena NChen Y(2023)Privacy Leakage via Unrestricted Motion-Position Sensors in the Age of Virtual Reality: A Study of Snooping Typed Input on Virtual Keyboards2023 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)10.1109/SP46215.2023.10179301(3382-3398)Online publication date: May-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/SP46215.2023.10179301
Zhong HHuang CZhang XPan M(2023)Metaverse CAN: Embracing Continuous, Active, and Non-Intrusive Biometric AuthenticationIEEE Network10.1109/MNET.2023.331889037:6(67-73)Online publication date: Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2023.3318890
Faltaous SKoelle MSchneegass S(2022)From Perception to Action: A Review and Taxonomy on Electrical Muscle Stimulation in HCIProceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia10.1145/3568444.3568460(159-171)Online publication date: 27-Nov-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3568444.3568460
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