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Wiktionary

mal

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mal"
Languages (51)
Translingual • English
Afrikaans • Albanian • Aleut • Aromanian • Azerbaijani • Bouyei • Cara • Catalan • Cebuano • Cimbrian • Crimean Tatar • Dalmatian • Danish • Dutch • French • Galician • German • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Icelandic • Indonesian • Interlingua • Italian • Kabuverdianu • Latvian • Lombard • Mangas • Middle English • Middle French • Middle Welsh • Miraya Bikol • Norman • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old French • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Occitan • Phalura • Portuguese • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Slovak • Spanish • Swedish • Turkish • West Albay Bikol • Woleaian • Zou
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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mal

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Malayalam.

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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from French mal (“illness”). Doublet of malus.

Noun

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mal (plural mals)

  1. (only in set phrases) illness, affliction.
    a grand mal seizure
Derived terms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Clipping of malibu.

Noun

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mal (plural mals)

  1. (surfing) A longboard (type of surfboard).
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Clipping of malleolus.

Noun

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mal (plural mals)

  1. (medicine, informal) A malleolus.
    lateral mal
Derived terms
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See also

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etymologically unrelated terms containing "mal"

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch mal, from Middle Dutch mal.

Adjective

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mal (attributive mal, comparative maller, superlative malste)

  1. crazy

Albanian

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Albanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sq

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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  A user suggests that this Albanian entry be cleaned up.
Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup(+) or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

From Proto-Albanian *mala,[1] from Illyrian *mol-on. Vladimir Orel proposed Lithuanian malà (“land”) and Latvian mala (“bank, shore”) as cognates. Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[2][3] Preserved in patroynms, ethnonym malësor (“highlander, mountaineer”), in toponym (historical and ethnographic region) Malësia (north Albania and Montenegro). In Kosovo (Malishevë, Gjilan, Mališevo, Prizren), in Serbia (Maleševo (Golubac), Maleševo (Rekovac)) and the name of Maleshevo Mountain (North Macedonia and Bulgaria).[4] Gil'Ferding proposed Sanskrit मरु (marú, “wilderness, mountain, rock”) as a cognate. According to Michel Morvan a common pre-Indo-European substrate with Basque malda (“slope”) and malkor (“precipice”)[5] (cf. pre-Indo-European geonymic root *mal (*mel, *mol), Tamil மலை (malai, “hill, mountain”) and Malayalam മല (mala, “id”)).

La Piana and Huld suggested Old English molda (“forehead”) and Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, “head, top, summit”), both derived from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Also connected to Ancient Greek *μλωθρός (*mlōthrós), μέλαθρον (mélathron, “ridgepole”), βλαστάνω (blastánō, “to sprout, grow”). Compare also Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mərəδō, “demon's head”), with a semantic development from ‘head’ > ‘summit’, compare malë (“tongue tip, tree top”)) > ‘mountain’.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal m (plural male, definite mali, definite plural malet)

  1. mount
    Mali i Korabit ― Mount Korab
  2. mountain
    Synonym: bjeshkë
  3. forest (Gheg)
  4. large amount of something
    Kam marrë një mal me letra. ― I've received a lot of papers.

Declension

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Declension of mal
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative mal mali male malet
accusative malin
dative mali malit maleve maleve
ablative malesh

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Aromanian: mal, meal
  • Romanian: mal (“shore”)

References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
  2. ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
  3. ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
  4. ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[1]
  5. ^ Michel Morvan (1996) Les origines linguistiques du Basque (The linguistic origins of Basque), Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, →ISBN

Aleut

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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mal

  1. to do

References

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Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Cognate to Daco-Romanian mal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Albanian mal). Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[1][2][3][4] See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.

Noun

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mal

  1. shore
  2. pile, heap
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References

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  1. ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[2]
  2. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
  3. ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
  4. ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78


Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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From Arabic مَال (māl, “property”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal (definite accusative malı, plural mallar)

  1. property
    Synonym: əmlak
  2. goods, ware, commodity, product
    Synonyms: məhsul, (formal) əmtəə
    Çindən gətirilən mallar ― goods imported from China
  3. (colloquial) cargo
  4. cattle, livestock
  5. cow
    Synonym: inək
  6. beef (mostly in combination with ət (“meat”))
    mal əti ― beef
  7. (colloquial, by extension) a dumb, dull person; an idiot
    Nə var mal kimi durmusan orada? ― Don't stand there like an idiot!
  8. (colloquial, derogatory, by extension) a well-fed, plump woman

Declension

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    Declension of mal
singular plural
nominative mal
 mallar
definite accusative malı
 malları
dative mala
 mallara
locative malda
 mallarda
ablative maldan
 mallardan
definite genitive malın
 malların
    Possessive forms of mal
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malım mallarım
sənin (“your”) malın malların
onun (“his/her/its”) malı malları
bizim (“our”) malımız mallarımız
sizin (“your”) malınız mallarınız
onların (“their”) malı or malları malları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malımı mallarımı
sənin (“your”) malını mallarını
onun (“his/her/its”) malını mallarını
bizim (“our”) malımızı mallarımızı
sizin (“your”) malınızı mallarınızı
onların (“their”) malını or mallarını mallarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malıma mallarıma
sənin (“your”) malına mallarına
onun (“his/her/its”) malına mallarına
bizim (“our”) malımıza mallarımıza
sizin (“your”) malınıza mallarınıza
onların (“their”) malına or mallarına mallarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malımda mallarımda
sənin (“your”) malında mallarında
onun (“his/her/its”) malında mallarında
bizim (“our”) malımızda mallarımızda
sizin (“your”) malınızda mallarınızda
onların (“their”) malında or mallarında mallarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malımdan mallarımdan
sənin (“your”) malından mallarından
onun (“his/her/its”) malından mallarından
bizim (“our”) malımızdan mallarımızdan
sizin (“your”) malınızdan mallarınızdan
onların (“their”) malından or mallarından mallarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) malımın mallarımın
sənin (“your”) malının mallarının
onun (“his/her/its”) malının mallarının
bizim (“our”) malımızın mallarımızın
sizin (“your”) malınızın mallarınızın
onların (“their”) malının or mallarının mallarının

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “mal” in Obastan.com.

Bouyei

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“to come”). Cognate with Thai มา (maa), Northern Thai ᨾᩣ (ma), Lao ມາ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱ (maa), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā), 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang maz.

Verb

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mal

  1. to come
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”). Cognate with Thai หมา, Lao ໝາ (mā), Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa), Shan မႃ (mǎa), Zhuang ma.

Noun

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mal

  1. dog
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Cara

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Noun

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mal

  1. water

References

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  • R. Blench, The Rukul language of Central Nigeria and its affinities (2006) (mentions this word in notes)

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Catalan mal, from Latin malus.

Noun

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mal m (plural mals)

  1. evil, bad
    Antonym: bé
  2. illness
    Synonym: malaltia
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Catalan mal, from Latin male.

Adverb

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mal

  1. badly, poorly
    Synonym: malament
    Antonym: bé
Derived terms
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Adjective

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mal (feminine mala, masculine plural mals, feminine plural males)

  1. bad, poor
    Synonym: dolent
    Antonym: bo
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Cebuano

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish mal, apocopic form of malo (“evil”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal

  1. (billiards) a foul

Verb

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mal

  1. (billiards) to commit a foul

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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From Middle High German māl, from Old High German māl, from Proto-West Germanic *māl, from Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measurement; time; meal”). Cognate with German Mal, Mahl, English meal.

Noun

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mal n

  1. (Luserna) meal
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References

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Crimean Tatar

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Etymology

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From Arabic مال (māl, “property”).

Noun

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mal

  1. article, product
  2. cattle, livestocks

Declension

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Declension of mal
singular plural
nominative mal mallar
genitive malnıñ mallarnıñ
dative malğa mallarğa
accusative malnı mallarnı
locative malda mallarda
ablative maldan mallardan

References

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Dalmatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin malus.

Noun

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mal

  1. evil, harm

Danish

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Verb

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mal

  1. imperative of male

Dutch

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Etymology 1

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From Old French modle, an old (11th century) borrowing from Latin modulus (“measure”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal f (plural mallen, diminutive malletje n)

  1. mold, cast (device to help creating shapes)
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch mal, of uncertain origin. Cognate with German malle. Possibly related to French mal (“bad”) or Dutch malen (“to grind, crush”) in the sense "broken, twisted."

Adjective

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mal (comparative maller, superlative malst)

  1. foolish, crazy, lacking common sense
Usage notes
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The adjective mal always refers to an aspect of a thing or person. It is the adjective form of the noun mallerd. For other senses, dwaas, dom and gek are used.

Declension
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Declension of mal
uninflected mal
inflected malle
comparative maller
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial mal maller het malst
het malste
indefinite m./f. sing. malle mallere malste
n. sing. mal maller malste
plural malle mallere malste
definite malle mallere malste
partitive mals mallers —
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old French mal, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”). Near cognates include Portuguese mal, Italian male and Spanish malo.

Noun

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mal m (plural maux)

  1. (as in the phrase: avoir du mal) trouble, difficulty
    Synonyms: problème, emmerde, misère, difficulté
    J’ai du mal à m’imaginer ça. ― I have trouble imagining that.
  2. pain
    Synonym: douleur
    J’ai mal à la tête. ― I have a headache. (literally, “I have pain at the head.”)
    • 1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:
      Aïe, j’ai mal au bras !
      Ouille, j’ai mal aux dents! Et toi, le lit, tu n’as pas mal aux pieds ?
      Non, mais j’ai mal à la tête.
      Moi, j’ai mal aux oreilles !
      Argh, my arms hurt!
      Oww, my teeth hurt! How about you, bed, don't your legs hurt?
      No, it's my head that hurts.
      As for me, my ears hurt!
  3. evil
    Le philosophe abordait de grandes questions du bon et du mal. ― The philosopher discussed broad questions of good and evil.
  4. damage, harm
    Synonyms: tort, dommage
    Le mal est fait. ― The damage is done.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → English: mal

Etymology 2

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From Old French, from Latin male.

Adverb

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mal

  1. badly
    C’est mal fait. ― It's done badly.

Adjective

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mal (feminine male, masculine plural maux, feminine plural males)

  1. (in set phrases and limited constructions) bad
    bon an, mal an ― good year, bad year
    bon gré, mal gré ― willy-nilly (literally, “good will, bad will”)
    Il est mal de [infinitive] ― It’s wrong to [infinitive]
    C’est mal de [infinitive] ― It’s wrong to [infinitive]
Synonyms
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Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Galician

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈmal/ [ˈmɑɫ]
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Hyphenation: mal

Etymology 1

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From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male.

Adverb

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mal

  1. badly
    Antonym: ben

Etymology 2

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From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin malum.

Noun

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mal m (plural males)

  1. misfortune
  2. bad; evil
  3. sickness; desease

Etymology 3

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Adjective

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mal m sg

  1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of malo

Etymology 4

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Peasants using males ("flails") to thresh cereal

Attested since circa 1300 (máále), from Latin manualis (“manual”). Cognate with Portuguese mangual.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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mal m (plural males)

  1. flail
    • c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 271:
      cõmo faz a lyma ao ferro, et a fornaz ao ouro que o purga et esmera et o faz puro et paresçe mellor, et cõmo faz outrosi o máále áá messe que a degrana em çeueyra et parte a palla do graão que e o mellor
      as the file does to iron, and the furnace to gold, that purges and cleans it and makes it pure and looks better; and also as the flail does to the harvest, that threshes it into sustenance and parts the straw and the grain, which is the best part
    • 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 67:
      Iten, preçaron hun maal en tres maravedis
      Item, they appraised a flail in three coins
  2. handle of the flail
    Synonyms: mango, mangueira, moca

References

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German

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Etymology

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From the noun Mal (“time”). Partly shortened from einmal, which is also derived from the noun.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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mal

  1. times (indicating multiplication of two numbers)
    sechs mal sieben ist zweiundvierzig
    six times seven is forty-two
  2. (informal) Alternative form of einmal (“sometime, ever, once”), may serve to introduce a new information.
    Wenn du in Köln bist, musst du mal bei deiner Tante anrufen.
    When you’re in Cologne, you must call your aunt sometime.
    Ich geh mal zum Kaffeestand.
    I’m off to the coffee stall.
    (going to the coffee stall was not discussed at the moment)
  3. (informal) Softening a sentence, thus making a request or command more polite. By extension, indicating a command or request.
    Haben Sie mal Feuer?
    Do you have a lighter [please]?
    (can not imply that the asker is offering his lighter)
    Haste Feuer?
    D'ya have fire?
    (may imply that the asker is offering his lighter)
    Du musst mal deine Tante anrufen.
    You have to call your aunt.
    (urging to do it now or very soon)

Derived terms

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Verb

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mal

  1. singular imperative of malen
  2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of malen

Further reading

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology

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From Portuguese mal. Cognate with Kabuverdianu mal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad
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Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From mala (“to purr”).

Noun

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mal n (genitive singular mals, no plural)

  1. purr
Declension
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    Declension of mal
n-s singular
indefinite definite
nominative mal malið
accusative mal malið
dative mali malinu
genitive mals malsins

Etymology 2

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See malur.

Noun

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mal

  1. indefinite accusative singular of malur

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈmal]
  • Hyphenation: mal

Etymology 1

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From Malay mal.

Noun

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mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)

  1. head
    Synonym: kepala
  2. top (of kris)
    Synonym: ganja
  3. bottom (of a blade)
    Synonym: pangkal

Etymology 2

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From Malay mal, from Arabic مَال (māl).

Noun

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mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)

  1. treasure
    Synonyms: khazanah, harta benda
  2. synonym of dana

Etymology 3

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From Dutch mal (“mold, cast”), from Old French modle, from Latin modulus (“measure”). Doublet of modulus.

Noun

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mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)

  1. mold, cast.
    Synonym: cetakan
  2. pattern.
    Synonym: pola

Etymology 4

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From English mall.

Noun

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mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)

  1. shopping centre, mall.
    Synonyms: plaza, pusat perbelanjaan

Further reading

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Interlingua

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Etymology

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From Latin malus.

Adjective

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mal (comparative plus mal, superlative le plus mal)

  1. bad
  2. evil

Adverb

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mal (comparative plus mal, superlative le plus mal)

  1. badly, poorly
  2. wrongfully

Noun

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mal (plural males)

  1. bad, badness, something bad
  2. evil
  3. illness
  4. pain, ache

Italian

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Noun

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mal m (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of male

Kabuverdianu

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Etymology

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From Portuguese mal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad
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Latvian

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Verb

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mal

  1. inflection of malt:
    1. second-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Lombard

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Etymology

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Akin to Italian male, from Latin malus.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad

Mangas

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal

  1. heart

References

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  • Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.

Middle English

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Noun

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mal

  1. Alternative form of male

Adjective

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mal

  1. Alternative form of male

Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French mal.

Noun

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mal m (plural maulx)

  1. bad act

Descendants

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Adjective

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mal m (feminine singular male or malle, masculine plural maulx, feminine plural males or malles)

  1. bad; evil

Descendants

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Adverb

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mal

  1. evilly; badly; poorly

Descendants

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Middle Welsh

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Noun

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mal

  1. tax

Miraya Bikol

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Malay mahal. Compare Bikol Central mahal and Tagalog mahal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. expensive
    Antonym: barato

Norman

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Etymology

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From Old French mal, from Latin male.

Adverb

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mal

  1. (Guernsey) badly

Adjective

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mal

  1. (Guernsey) bad

Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Iranian *dmáHnaH.

Noun

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mal f

  1. home
  2. family, dynasty, house

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Dutch mal.

Noun

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mal m (definite singular malen, indefinite plural maler, definite plural malene)

  1. a template

Etymology 2

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Verb

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mal

  1. imperative of male

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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From Dutch mal.

Noun

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mal m (definite singular malen, indefinite plural malar, definite plural malane)

  1. a template

Etymology 2

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Verb

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mal

  1. imperative of mala

References

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Germanic *mailą.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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māl n

  1. mole (spot on the skin)
  2. mark, spot
Declension
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Declension of māl (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative māl māl
accusative māl māl
genitive māles māla
dative māle mālum
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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māl n

  1. a suit, legal case, prosecution, defense
Derived terms
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References

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Old French

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Etymology 1

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From Latin male.

Adverb

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mal

  1. evilly
  2. badly; poorly
Descendants
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  • Middle French: mal

Etymology 2

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From Latin malus.

Noun

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mal oblique singular, m (oblique plural maus or max or mals, nominative singular maus or max or mals, nominative plural mal)

  1. evil
  2. pain, suffering
Descendants
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  • Middle French: mal

Adjective

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mal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular male, comparative peior, superlative peior)

  1. bad (undesirable; not good)
Descendants
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  • Middle French: mal

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Etymology

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From Latin male (“badly; wrongly”).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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mal

  1. badly

Descendants

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  • Fala: mal
  • Galician: mal
  • Portuguese: mal (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin malus. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French mal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad (negative)
  2. bad (evil)

Descendants

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References

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Phalura

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal f (Perso-Arabic spelling مل)

  1. goats

Inflection

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i-decl (Obl): -í

References

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  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “mal”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[5], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Portuguese

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Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pt

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male (“badly; wrongly”).

Alternative forms

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  • mar (eye dialect spelling, representing Caipira Portuguese)

Adverb

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mal (comparable, comparative pior)

  1. badly (in a faulty, dysfunctional or incorrect manner)
    O carro está a funcionar/funcionando bem mal.
    The car is running pretty badly.
    (O) João fala inglês mal.
    John speaks English badly.
  2. (preceding verbs) hardly; barely
    Ele mal consegue estudar com todo este barulho.
    He can hardly study with all this noise.
  3. wrong (incorrect)
    A resposta está mal.
    The answer is wrong.
  4. unfavourably (in an unfavourable manner)
    Penso mal de ti.
    I think unfavourably of you.
    Ele fala mal de ti.
    He speaks unfavourably of you.
  5. (in compounds) evilly
    mal-assombrado ― haunted (literally, “evilly-shadowed”)
    mal-agourado ― cursed (literally, “evilly-foreboded”)
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.

Synonyms
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Conjunction

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mal

  1. have/had just; have/had barely
    Mal tinha saído quando a encontrei.
    I had barely gone out when I found her.
Quotations
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Etymology 2

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From Latin malus. Compare Italian male, Sicilian mali.

Noun

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mal m (plural males)

  1. (uncountable) evil (malevolent forces or behaviour)
    As forças do mal cercaram o castelo.
    The forces of evil sieged the castle.
  2. harm
    Ela não fez por mal.
    She meant no harm.
    Não faz mal.
    No problem. (It does not matter.)
  3. malady (any ailment or disease, especially a lingering one)
    mal de Parkinson
    Parkinson's disease
    Males como a SIDA e pneumonia são mortais.
    Illnesses such as AIDS and pneumonia are deadly.
Quotations
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Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Adjective

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mal

  1. (Brazil) Misspelling of mau.

Descendants

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  • Guinea-Bissau Creole: mal
  • Kabuverdianu: mal

Romanian

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Etymology

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Cognate to Aromanian mal and meal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Standard Albanian mal).[1][2][3][4] See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.

Noun

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mal n (plural maluri)

  1. shore

Declension

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Declension of mal
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) mal malul (niște) maluri malurile
genitive/dative (unui) mal malului (unor) maluri malurilor
vocative malule malurilor

References

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  1. ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[3]
  2. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
  3. ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
  4. ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *malъ, from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁los.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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mȃl (Cyrillic spelling ма̑л, definite mȃlī, comparative mȁnjī)

  1. small

Declension

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positive indefinite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mal mala malo
genitive mala male mala
dative malu maloj malu
accusative inanimate
animate 		mal
mala 		malu malo
vocative mal mala malo
locative malu maloj malu
instrumental malim malom malim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mali male mala
genitive malih malih malih
dative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
accusative male male mala
vocative mali male mala
locative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
instrumental malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
positive definite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mali mala malo
genitive malog(a) male malog(a)
dative malom(u/e) maloj malom(u/e)
accusative inanimate
animate 		mali
malog(a) 		malu malo
vocative mali mala malo
locative malom(e/u) maloj malom(e/u)
instrumental malim malom malim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mali male mala
genitive malih malih malih
dative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
accusative male male mala
vocative mali male mala
locative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
instrumental malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
comparative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative manji manja manje
genitive manjeg(a) manje manjeg(a)
dative manjem(u) manjoj manjem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		manji
manjeg(a) 		manju manje
vocative manji manja manje
locative manjem(u) manjoj manjem(u)
instrumental manjim manjom manjim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative manji manje manja
genitive manjih manjih manjih
dative manjim(a) manjim(a) manjim(a)
accusative manje manje manja
vocative manji manje manja
locative manjim(a) manjim(a) manjim(a)
instrumental manjim(a) manjim(a) manjim(a)
superlative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative najmanji najmanja najmanje
genitive najmanjeg(a) najmanje najmanjeg(a)
dative najmanjem(u) najmanjoj najmanjem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		najmanji
najmanjeg(a) 		najmanju najmanje
vocative najmanji najmanja najmanje
locative najmanjem(u) najmanjoj najmanjem(u)
instrumental najmanjim najmanjom najmanjim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative najmanji najmanje najmanja
genitive najmanjih najmanjih najmanjih
dative najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a)
accusative najmanje najmanje najmanja
vocative najmanji najmanje najmanja
locative najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a)
instrumental najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a)
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Further reading

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  • “mal” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak

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Pronunciation

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Participle

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mal

  1. masculine singular l-participle of mať

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Apocopic form of malo, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”).

Adjective

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mal m (apocopate, standard form malo)

  1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of malo bad; evil
  2. amiss, awry, off, wrong
    Me di cuenta de que algo estaba mal.
    I realized something was amiss.
Usage notes
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  • Mal is only used before a masculine singular noun. In other positions, malo is used instead.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Latin male.

Adverb

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mal (comparative peor)

  1. badly, poorly, ill
    No hables mal de los muertos.
    Don't speak ill of the dead.
    Qué mal.
    Too bad. / That's too bad.
  2. awry, amiss, wrong, wrongly
    Tu plan maestro salió mal bastante rápido
    Your master plan went awry pretty quickly.
  3. hard (functions as an adverb in Spanish but translates as an adjective in English)
    Estoy pasándolo mal con todo ahora mismo.
    I'm just having a hard time with everything right now.
Derived terms
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Noun

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mal m (plural males)

  1. evil, harm; a bad thing or situation
    de mal en peor ― from bad to worse
  2. disease, illness, ailment
    ... le curaremos, si es que su mal tiene cura...
    ... we shall cure him, if his ailment has a cure...
    (Cervantes, Quijote, ch. 23)
  3. worse (substantive)
    para bien o para mal ― for better or for worse
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
 
en mal (sense 1)
 
en mal (sense 2)

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse mǫlr, from Proto-Germanic *malwan, from Proto-Indo-European *molH-(y)o-. See also Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍉 (malō) and German Milbe.

Noun

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mal c

  2. moth
  4. wels catfish, Silurus glanis
Declension
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Declension of mal
nominative genitive
singular indefinite mal mals
definite malen malens
plural indefinite malar malars
definite malarna malarnas
See also
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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mal

  1. inflection of mala:
    1. imperative
    2. present indicative

References

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Anagrams

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Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish مال (mal), from Arabic مَال (māl, “property”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal (definite accusative malı, plural mallar or (dated) emval)

  1. cattle
  2. goods, property
  3. asset
  4. (economy) merchandise
  5. (law) goods, commodity
  6. (colloquial, derogatory) (no equivalent expression; likely) an expendable or ignorable stupid and annoying person, douche, prick
  7. (slang, vulgar) a prostitute
  8. (slang) heroin

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative mal
Definite accusative malı
Singular Plural
Nominative mal mallar
Definite accusative malı malları
Dative mala mallara
Locative malda mallarda
Ablative maldan mallardan
Genitive malın malların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular malım mallarım
2nd singular malın malların
3rd singular malı malları
1st plural malımız mallarımız
2nd plural malınız mallarınız
3rd plural malları malları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular malımı mallarımı
2nd singular malını mallarını
3rd singular malını mallarını
1st plural malımızı mallarımızı
2nd plural malınızı mallarınızı
3rd plural mallarını mallarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular malıma mallarıma
2nd singular malına mallarına
3rd singular malına mallarına
1st plural malımıza mallarımıza
2nd plural malınıza mallarınıza
3rd plural mallarına mallarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular malımda mallarımda
2nd singular malında mallarında
3rd singular malında mallarında
1st plural malımızda mallarımızda
2nd plural malınızda mallarınızda
3rd plural mallarında mallarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular malımdan mallarımdan
2nd singular malından mallarından
3rd singular malından mallarından
1st plural malımızdan mallarımızdan
2nd plural malınızdan mallarınızdan
3rd plural mallarından mallarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular malımın mallarımın
2nd singular malının mallarının
3rd singular malının mallarının
1st plural malımızın mallarımızın
2nd plural malınızın mallarınızın
3rd plural mallarının mallarının
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular malım mallarım
2nd singular malsın mallarsın
3rd singular mal
maldır 		mallar
mallardır
1st plural malız mallarız
2nd plural malsınız mallarsınız
3rd plural mallar mallardır
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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “mal”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

West Albay Bikol

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Malay mahal. Compare Bikol Central mahal and Tagalog mahal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. expensive
    Antonym: barato

Woleaian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal

  1. bird

Zou

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Mal.

Noun

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mal

  1. thigh

References

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  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 45
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