Relaciones Integrales para Un Volumen de Control
Relaciones Integrales para Un Volumen de Control
Relaciones Integrales para Un Volumen de Control
a)
𝑄0 = 𝑄1
2.52 𝑉0 = 0.82 (35)
𝑽𝟎 = 𝟑. 𝟓𝟖𝟒 𝒎⁄𝒔
b)
𝑄1 = 𝑄2 + 𝑄𝑠
𝑽𝟐 = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟐𝟑 𝒎⁄𝒔
c)
𝑄2 = 𝑄𝑓
𝜋 𝜋
0.82 (31.23) = 2.22 𝑉
4 4
0.82 (31.23) = 2.22 𝑉
𝑽 = 𝟒. 𝟏𝟑 𝒎⁄𝒔
Datos:
497000
𝑅𝑔𝑎𝑠 =
𝑃𝑚
𝑃𝑚 = 28
497000
𝑅𝑔𝑎𝑠 = = 1775𝐹 𝑓𝑡 2 /(𝑠 2 . °𝑅)
28
𝑇(°𝐹) = 𝑇(°𝐹) + 460[°𝑅]
𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑙𝑏𝑓
15 2
= 15(144) 2 = 2160 2
𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
𝑃 = 𝜌𝑅𝑇
15(144)
𝜌=
49700
28 (1100 + 460)
𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
𝜌 = 0.00078 ⁄𝑓𝑡 2
𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝐴𝑉
𝜋 5.5 2
0.6 = 0.00078 ( ) ( ) 𝑉
4 12
𝒇𝒕⁄
𝑽 = 𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟎 𝒔
𝐹𝑒𝑥𝑡 = −𝐹 = 𝑚̇𝑢
𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝐴𝑉 = (998)(0.04 ∗ 1)(6) = 239.5 𝐾𝑔/𝑠
𝑁 𝜃
124 (1𝑚) = (239.5)(6)(𝑐𝑜𝑠( ) − 1)
𝑚 2
𝜽 = 𝟒𝟖°
∑ 𝐹𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑠 = 0
𝐹𝑥 + (𝑃1 − 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 )𝐴1 + (𝑃2 − 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚 )𝐴2 = (𝑚̇2 )(𝑣2 ) − (𝑚̇1 )(𝑣1 )
𝜋 𝜋
𝐹𝑥 + (165 − 101325) (0.052 ) + (134 − 101325) (0.052 )
4 4
= (−23.45)(12) + (23.45)(−12)
𝑭𝒙 = −𝟕𝟓𝟎 𝑵
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0
𝐹𝑦 = 𝑊𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑟í𝑎 + 𝑊𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑜
𝜋
𝐹𝑦 = 9790 ( ) (0.052 )(0.75) = 𝟏𝟒 𝑵
4
𝑃 101325 𝑘𝑔
𝜌= = = 1.205 ⁄ 3
𝑅𝑇 287(293) 𝑚
𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑚̇1 = (1.205)(0.5)(250) = 151 𝑠
1 𝑘𝑔
𝑚̇2 = 151(1 + ) = 156 ⁄𝑠
30
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐹𝑥 = (−151)(250) + (156)(900)
𝑭𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟔𝟓𝟎 𝑵
𝑃1 + ℎ𝛾𝑎 − ℎ𝛾ℎ𝑔 = 𝑃2
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = ℎ𝛾ℎ𝑔 − ℎ𝛾𝑎
𝑭𝒙 = 𝟏𝟔𝟑 𝑵
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0
0.042 𝜋
𝐹𝑥 = (998)(8)(8) ( ) cos 60°
4
𝑭𝒙 = 𝟒𝟎𝑵
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0
𝐹. 𝑀1 = 𝐹. 𝑀2
𝜌1 𝐴1 𝑉1 = 𝜌2 𝐴2 𝑉2
𝑉2 = 𝐴1 𝑉1 /𝐴2 = (0.25 𝑚)2 ∗ (2.2 𝑚/𝑠) /(0.08 𝑚)2 = 21.48 𝑚/𝑠
𝐹𝐵𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 = [(1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3)(2.2 𝑚/𝑠)(𝜋/4 ∗ (0.25 𝑚)2 ) ∗ (21.48 − 2.2 𝑚/𝑠) + (350
− 100 𝐾𝑃𝑎)(𝜋/4 ∗ (0.25 𝑚)2 ) + (120 − 100 𝐾𝑃𝑎)(𝜋/4 ∗ (0.08 𝑚)2 )
𝑭𝑩𝒓𝒊𝒅𝒂𝒔 = 𝟏𝟒𝟗𝟎𝟎 𝑵
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 = 0
𝑀𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 𝜌𝑄𝑅𝑉𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙
𝑓𝑡3 6 𝑓𝑡
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 = (1.94 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 ) ∗ (0.009 ) ∗ ( 𝑓𝑡) ∗ (13.1 ) = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝒍𝒃𝒇 ∗ 𝒇𝒕 (𝒂)
𝑓𝑡3 𝑠 12 𝑠
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 0
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 = 𝑉𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔 / 𝑅 = (13.1 𝑓𝑡/𝑠) / (6/12 𝑓𝑡) = 𝟐𝟔. 𝟏𝟒 𝒓𝒂𝒅 /𝒔 (𝒃)
P3.115 Por el conducto doblemente acodado de 0,75 in
de diámetro de la Figura P3.115 circula agua a 20 °C con
un caudal de 30 gal/min. Las presiones son p1 = 30
lbf/in2 y p2 = 24 lbf/in2. Calcule el momento T en el
punto B necesario para mantener el conducto sin
rotación.
𝐻 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎 = 𝐻 – ℎ 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 = 𝐻 – 𝐶𝑄 2
𝑸 = [𝑯/𝟑𝑪]𝟎.𝟓
𝑑 𝑃 𝑣2
(∫ 𝑒𝜌𝑑𝑣) − 𝑚 (𝑢 + + + 𝑔𝑧) = 𝑄 − 𝑊 = 0
𝑑𝑡 𝜌 2
𝑑 𝑑𝑇 𝑑𝜌
(𝜌𝑣𝑐𝑣 𝑇) = 𝑚𝑐𝑝 𝑇 = 𝜌𝑣𝑐𝑣 + 𝑐𝑣 𝑇𝑣
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑 𝑑𝜌
(∫ 𝜌𝑑𝑣) − 𝑚 = 0 𝑣 =𝑚
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑇 𝑚(𝑐𝑝 − 𝑐𝑣 )𝑇
= = 𝟑. 𝟐 𝑪⁄𝒔
𝑑𝑡 𝜌𝑣𝑐𝑣
𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑃2 𝑉22
+ + 𝑧1 = + + 𝑧2 + ℎ𝑓 + ℎ𝑡
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔
3.5𝑣 2 𝑃 𝑄
50 = 10 + + 𝑣= 𝜋
2𝑔 𝛾𝑄 ( )(42 )
4
𝑄 3 − 35410𝑄 + 2.261𝑀 = 0
𝟑
𝑸 = 𝟕𝟔. 𝟓 𝒎 ⁄𝒔
P3.157 El fluido de trabajo del manómetro de la Figura
P3.157 es mercurio. Estime el gasto volumétrico en el tubo
si el fluido que circula por él es (a) gasolina y (b) nitrógeno,
a 20 °C y 1 atm.
𝜌𝑣12
𝑃1 + = 𝑃2
2
𝑣1 = √2(𝑃2 − 𝑃1)/𝜌
1
𝑃2 − 𝑃1 = (26.34 − 1.32)(32.2) ( 𝑓𝑡) = 67.1 𝑙𝑏𝑓/𝑓𝑡 2
12
𝑓𝑡⁄
𝑣1 = √2(67.1)/1.32 = 10.1 𝑠
𝒇𝒕𝟑⁄
𝑸 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟗𝟓 𝒔
1
𝑃2 − 𝑃1 = (26.34 − 0.00226)(32.2) ( 𝑓𝑡) = 70.7 𝑙𝑏𝑓/𝑓𝑡 2
12
𝑓𝑡⁄
𝑣1 = √2(70.7)/0.00226 = 250 𝑠
𝒇𝒕𝟑⁄
𝑸 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟑 𝒔
120 3
𝑄= = 0.018 𝑚 ⁄𝑠
680(9.81)
0.018
𝑣1 = = 3.58 𝑚⁄𝑠
0.042 𝜋
0.018
𝑣2 = = 9.16 𝑚⁄𝑠
0.0252 𝜋
𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑃2 𝑉22
+ + 𝑧1 = + + 𝑧2
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔
𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑉22
+ = + 𝑧2
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 2𝑔
𝑷𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝑷𝒂
𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑃2 𝑉22
+ + 𝑧1 = + + 𝑧2
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔
𝑉22
𝑧1 =
2𝑔
𝑽𝟐 = √𝟐𝒈𝒉