Ana Lazar

Despite the relatively short history of the Brazilian Society of Mammalogy (SBMz) with its 31 years, some remarkable women made significant contributions, not only to the SBMz, but also to the Brazilian mammalogy in general. Even before the consolidation of the SBMz, several women, regardless of their position in the society and academy, developed and participated in activities that were essential to the current knowledge on Neotropical mammalogy. To highlight the contributions of such women and her successors in Mammalogy, we describe the careers and accomplishments of 21 women in short biographical notes. Our selection includes women that worked from the early 20 th century until the beginnings of the 21 st century in two categories: SBMz's members and relevant non-members. We shall not forget the Archduchess Leopoldine of Austria, an educated and natural sciences enthusiast that, through her marriage with the Crown Prince D. Pedro I of Brazil, literally brought in her "wedding baggage" the opening to the natural history knowledge of Brazil in early XIX century. Resumo: Mulheres na mastozoologia brasileira: as pioneiras e a Sociedade Brasileira de Mastoozologia. Apesar da Sociedade Brasileira de Mastozoologia (SBMz) ser relativamente nova (31 anos), algumas mulheres notáveis fizeram significativas contribuições, não somente para a SBMz, mas para o estudo de mamíferos no Brasil, porém nunca receberam uma merecida homenagem. Ainda, antes da consolidação da SBMz, algumas delas, a despeito de sua posição na sociedade e na academia, desenvolveram ou participaram de atos que foram essenciais para o que hoje conhecemos sobre a Mastozoologia Neotropical. Para divulgar as contribuições dessas importantes mulheres na mastozoologia, nós elaboramos resumos biográficos de 21 delas, do início do século XX até o ano 2000, separando os registros entre membros da SBMz e aquelas que não são membros. Não podemos nos esquecer da Arquiduquesa Leopoldina da Áustria, uma mulher extremamente culta e interessada em ciências naturais, que no início do século XIX, através de seu casamento com o Príncipe-herdeiro D. Pedro I do Brasil, literalmente trouxe em sua bagagem de núpcias o que seria a abertura do Brasil para o conhecimento científico nas disciplinas da história natural. Palavras-Chave: Emilie Snethlage; Imperatriz Maria Leopoldina; Mastozoologia Neotropical; Pesquisa; Século XX. We delineated our essay to include pioneer women dedicated to studies on the Brazilian mammalian fauna and women that contributed to consolidate mammalogy in Brazil (several still contributing to this date). For the latter group, we have arbitrarily included those women with PhD completed until 2000 (four exceptions, being two PhDs, a collection manager and a noblewoman, are explained in the proper sections). Consequently, some important women were excluded, but were not forgotten. Some of the women mentioned herein suffered some kind of prejudice or harassment during their careers, as most women still do in most professions nowadays. In spite of that, they have become examples of successful women and here they are remembered for their great contribution to mammalogy in Brazil. We included, when possible, personal notes from our own experience or the experience of colleagues that have known, lived and/or worked with some of these exceptional women. The account was organized in chronological order of their graduation. Their professional information was taken from Plataforma Lattes (http://buscatextual.cnpq. br/buscatextual), or other sources when specified, and the cutoff date was May 2018, when the first draft of EnSAioS 128 Boletim da Sociedade Brasileira de Mastozoologia, 85: 128-143, 2019

A large geographic differentiation has been reported in Sylvilagus brasiliensis based on external characters of a small number of specimens. A new karyotype with 2n = 40 and FNa = 74 from Rio de Janeiro is herein reported. Phylogenetic analyses based on cytochrome b DNA of eight samples from the states of Paraíba, Tocantins, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro suggested a strongly structured population. Altogether, molecular and karyotypic data suggested that the diversity of Sylvilagus in eastern Brazil may be larger than the one reported in the literature on the basis of external characters.

A large geographic differentiation has been reported in Sylvilagus brasiliensis based on external characters of a small number of specimens. A new karyotype with 2n = 40 and FNa = 74 from Rio de Janeiro is herein reported. Phylogenetic analyses based on cytochrome b DNA of eight samples from the states of Paraíba, Tocantins, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro suggested a strongly structured population. Altogether, molecular and karyotypic data suggested that the diversity of Sylvilagus in eastern Brazil may be larger than the one reported in the literature on the basis of external characters.

A review of small non-volant mammal species of the APA Gama e
Cabeça de Veado was carried out, including new surveys in the “Estação Ecológica
do Jardim Botânico” (EEJBB) and “Reserva Ecológica do Instituto Brasileiro de
Geografia e Estatística” (REIBGE). Thirty-one small mammal’s species are
registered for the APA Gama and Cabeça de Veado, including one exotic species.
Didelphis albiventris, Hylaeamys megacephalus, and Oxymycterus delator were
collected for the first time in EEJBB. The APA Gama e Cabeça de Veado has a
central position in the Cerrado domain sharing six species with the Amazon domain,
five with Atlantic Forest, and 13 with Caatinga. The APA Gama e Cabeça de Veado
encompasses the home range of at least six non-volant small mammal species
endemic of Cerrado domain, and it has an important role in the protection of these
endemic species and species that occurs in those four South America morphoclimatic
domains.