LINGUISTIK

STRUKTURAL
 KELOMPOK 04

01 02 03 04
MUTI
05
ALVIAN ANNISA SINDI
AMELIA DWI
QURNAWAN NUR AULIAH
HANAFI
NABILA
RAHMAH MUTASYA AMBARWATI
PENGERTIAN
LINGUISTIK
STRUKTURAL
Struktural adalah berkenaan dengan struktur,
sedangkan struktur merupakan  pengaturan pola
dalam bahasa secara sintagmatis (hubungan linier
antara unsur-unsur bahasa dalam tataran tertentu).
Dalam hal ini dapat disimpulkan, Linguistik
struktural sebagai kajian linguistik yang membahas
bahasa menggunakan pendekatan pada bahasa itu
sendiri
Sejarah Munculnya
Aliran Linguistik
Struktural
Menurut para ahli sejarah, tata bahasa yang dilahirkan oleh aliran ini merupakan
warisan dari studi preskriptif (abad ke 18). Studi preskriptif adalah studi yang pada
prinsipnya ingin merumuskan aturan-aturan berbahasa yang benar. Sejak tahun
1930-an sampai akhir tahun 1950-an aliran linguistik yang paling berpengaruh
adalah aliran struktural. Tokoh linguis dari Amerika yang dianggap berperan
penting pada era ini adalah Bloomfield. Linguistik Bloomfield berbeda dari yang lain.
Dia melandasi teorinya berdasarkan psikologi behaviorisme. Menurut Behaviorisme
ujaran dapat dijelaskan dengan kondisi-kondisi eksternal yang ada di sekitar
kejadiannya. Kelompok Bloomfield menyebut teori ini mekanisme, sebagai kebalikan
dari mentalisme. Bloomfield berusaha rnenjadikan linguistik sebagai suatu ilmu yang
besifat empiris. Karena bunyi-bunyi ujaran merupakan fenomena yang dapat
diamati langsung maka ujaran mendapatkan perhatian yang istimewa. Akibatnya,
kaum strukturalis memberikan fokus perhatiannya pada fonologi, morfologi, sedikit
sekali pada sintaksis, dan sama sekali tidak pada semantik. Tata bahasa tagmemik
dipelopori oleh Kenneth L. Pike, Bukunya yang terkenal adalah Linguage in Relation
to a United Theory of The Structure of Human Behaviour (1954).
 TOKOH-TOKOH ALIRAN
STRUKTURAL

INAND DE LOUIS VILEM MICHAEL LEONARD

USSURE HJELMSLEV MATHESIUS HALLIDAY BLOOMFIELD

KENNETH LEE PIKE JOHN RUTHER FIRTH

CIRI-CIRI ALIRAN STRUKTURAL
1. Berlandaskan pada paham behavioristik.
2. Bahasa berupa ujaran.
3. Bahasa berupa sistem tanda.
4. Bahasa merupakan faktor kebiasaan.
5. Kegramatikalan berdasarkan keumuman.
6. Level-level gramatikal ditegakkan secara rapi.
7. Tekanan analis pada bidang morfologi.
8. Bahasa merupakan deretan sintagmatik dan paradigmatik.
9. Analisis bahasa secara deskriptif.
10.Analisis struktur bahasa berdasarkan unsur langsung.
Keunggulan Aliran Struktural

Aliran ini sukses

Kriteria
membedakan Metode drill and
practice membentuk
kegramatikalan
konsep grafem dan
keterampilan berbahasa berdasarkan
fonem
berdasarkan kebiasaan keumuman sehingga
mudah diterima
masyrakat awam

Level Berpijak pada fakta,

kegramatikalan tidak mereka-reka
mulai rapi mulai data
dari morfem, kata,
frase, klausa, dan
kalimat
 KELEMAHAN LINGUISTIK
STRUKTURALISME
Metode drill and practice
Bidang morfologi dan sangat memerlukan Proses berbahasa merupakan proses
sintaksis dipisahkan ketekunan, kesabaran, dan rangsang-tanggap berlangsung secara
secara tegas sangat menjemukan. fisis dan mekanis padahal manusia
bukan mesin

Kegramatikalan
berdasarkan kriteria Faktor historis sama Objek kajian terbatas
keumuman , suatu sekali tidak sampai level kalimat,
kaidah yang salah pun diperhitungkan dalam tidak menyentuh aspek
bisa benar jika dianggap analisis bahasa komunikatif
umum
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Awesome
Words
What Is This Topic About?

Here you could give a brief

description of the topic you want to
talk about
 1,500 Books
Venus has a beautiful name

15 Classrooms
Saturn is a gas giant and has rings

65,500
Despite being red, Mars is cold
 Solving Process

Problem Solution
Venus has a beautiful Despite being red, Mars is
name, but it’s hot a cold place
 Features of the Topic

Mercury Mars Saturn

Mercury is the smallest Despite being red, Mars Saturn is a gas giant and
planet is a cold place has rings
 Here Goes the
Introduction

Venus has a beautiful name and is the

second planet from the Sun
 Definition of Concepts

Mercury Mars Saturn Venus

Mercury is the smallest Despite being red, Mars Saturn is a gas giant and Venus has a beautiful
planet is a cold place has rings name
X 1,000,000² Y
Z Big numbers catch your
audience’s attention

X
This is a Map

Despite being red, Mars

is quite cold

Venus has a really

beautiful name

Saturn is the one with

rings around it
Did You Know This?

● Mercury is the smallest planet of them all

● Neptune is the farthest one from the Sun

● Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

● Despite being red, Mars is a cold place

● Saturn is a gas giant and has rings

 This Is an Exercise

X Does Mercury’s name have anything

to do with the liquid metal?

Y
No, the truth is that this
planet was named after
the Roman messenger
god, Mercury
 Process

Step 01 Step 02 Step 03 Step 04

Mercury is the smallest Despite being red, Mars Jupiter is the biggest Venus has a beautiful
planet is a cold place planet name
 Overview
To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change
the data and paste the new graph here

It’s the innermost one Mercury

It’s where we live on Earth

It’s a very hot planet Venus

It’s the outermost one Neptune

Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3
A Picture
Is Worth a
Thousand
Words
 This Is a Timeline

2018 2019 2020

Jupiter: Venus: Saturn:

Biggest one Beautiful name Ringed one
 This is a Table

2017 2018 2019 2020

Venus

Mars
Here Is Your Assignment

● Mercury is the smallest planet of all of them

● Neptune is the farthest one from the Sun

● Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

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