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We show that, for a continuous set of entangled four-partite states, the task of maximizing the payoff in the symmetric-strategy four-player quantum Minority game is equivalent to maximizing the violation of a four-particle Bell... more
We show that, for a continuous set of entangled four-partite states, the task of maximizing the payoff in the symmetric-strategy four-player quantum Minority game is equivalent to maximizing the violation of a four-particle Bell inequality with each observer choosing the same set of two dichotomic observables. We conclude the existence of direct correspondences between (i) the payoff rule and Bell inequalities, and (ii) the strategy and the choice of measured observables in evaluating these Bell inequalities.
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A protocol for considering decoherence in quantum games is presented. Results for two-player, two-strategy quantum games subject to decoherence are derived and some specific examples are given. Decoherence in other types of quantum games... more
A protocol for considering decoherence in quantum games is presented. Results for two-player, two-strategy quantum games subject to decoherence are derived and some specific examples are given. Decoherence in other types of quantum games is also considered. As expected, the advantage that a quantum player achieves over a player restricted to classical strategies is diminished for increasing decoherence but only vanishes in the limit of maximum decoherence. PACS numbers: 03.67.−a, 05.40.Fb, 02.50.Le 1.
A truel, or a three person generaliztion of a duel, is a popular model in game theory of a struggle of survival. The outcome is often sensitive to the precise rules under which the truel is performed and can be anti-intuitive. We propose... more
A truel, or a three person generaliztion of a duel, is a popular model in game theory of a struggle of survival. The outcome is often sensitive to the precise rules under which the truel is performed and can be anti-intuitive. We propose a quantum scheme, along the lines of recent work in quantum game theory, for the problem of
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Research Interests: Economics and Rationality
The Western consumer society, focused on shopping and material abundance, has been critiqued since the creation of the concept in the 1950s. The chapter discusses the idea of hyper-consumption driven by intense marketing focused on... more
The Western consumer society, focused on shopping and material abundance, has been critiqued since the creation of the concept in the 1950s. The chapter discusses the idea of hyper-consumption driven by intense marketing focused on triggering people’s feeling of relative deprivation and the resulting desire to ‘improve’ and display one’s status through conspicuous consumption. Early modern examples of conspicuous consumption and their contribution to the fund of Western ‘high culture’ are discussed. The chapter juxtaposes the general hyper-consumption with the documented rise in inequality within Western countries since the 1970s, and especially in the Anglosphere where redistribution through the welfare state is limited. The case study of excessive remuneration in the finance industry is contrasted with new forms of poverty, including the working poor.
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The introduction to the topic of the ‘age of post-rationality’ discusses how the phrase ‘It’s the economy, stupid!’ moved beyond a successful slogan for Bill Clinton’s 1992 US presidential campaign and became a dogma that pervades the... more
The introduction to the topic of the ‘age of post-rationality’ discusses how the phrase ‘It’s the economy, stupid!’ moved beyond a successful slogan for Bill Clinton’s 1992 US presidential campaign and became a dogma that pervades the political and public discourse in the West, and particularly the English-speaking countries. In this book, the dogma is defined as ‘economic rationality,’ the more=better calculus of cost-benefit analysis, to which political leaders of all creeds are beholden in the neo-liberal era. The authors claim that the unchallenged rule of economic rationality over the past decades has moved the Western world, and in particular the ‘Anglosphere’ into the age of ‘post-rationality.’ In this context, the global dynamics of West versus the ‘Rest’ is discussed.
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We study a quantum walk in one-dimension using two different “coin” operators. By mixing two operators, both of which give a biased walk with negative expectation value for the walker position, it is possible to reverse the bias through... more
We study a quantum walk in one-dimension using two different “coin” operators. By mixing two operators, both of which give a biased walk with negative expectation value for the walker position, it is possible to reverse the bias through interference effects. This effect is analogous to that in Parrondo’s games, where alternating two losing (gambling) games can produce a winning game. The walker bias is produced by introducing a phase factor into the coin operator, with two different phase factors giving games A and B. We give the range of phases for which the Parrondo effect can be obtained with A and B played alternately or in other (repeated) deterministic sequences. The effect is transitory. For sufficiently large times the original bias resumes.
Research Interests: Mathematics and Physics
Parrondo’s Paradox arises when two losing games are combined to produce a winning one. A history dependent quantum Parrondo game is studied where the rotation operators that represent the toss of a classical biased coin are replaced by... more
Parrondo’s Paradox arises when two losing games are combined to produce a winning one. A history dependent quantum Parrondo game is studied where the rotation operators that represent the toss of a classical biased coin are replaced by general SU(2) operators to transform the game into the quantum domain. In the initial state a superposition of qubits can be used to couple the games and produce interference leading to quite different payoffs to those in the classical case. pacs: 03.67.-a, 02.50.le keywords: quantum games, Parrondo’s paradox
In the concluding chapter, the authors argue that the West, and especially the Anglosphere as its global avant-garde, is in need of a new enlightenment through a gradual change of public discourse and a policy reform, away from the... more
In the concluding chapter, the authors argue that the West, and especially the Anglosphere as its global avant-garde, is in need of a new enlightenment through a gradual change of public discourse and a policy reform, away from the dogmatic rule of economic rationality. The authors suggest deliberative, dialogical democracy is a path back to a rational society: economic rationality, bolstered by globalisation, has to be tempered by serious considerations of the social and environmental cost of the neo-liberal capitalist version of progress. Some past and current visions of the moral foundations of the ‘good society’ and some practical attempts to achieve it are discussed. The chapter reviews ideas about social groups that can be leading forces of social change.
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In Zeng et al. [Fluct. Noise Lett. 7 (2007) L439--L447] the analysis of the lowest unique positive integer game is simplified by some reasonable assumptions that make the problem tractable for arbitrary numbers of players. However, here... more
In Zeng et al. [Fluct. Noise Lett. 7 (2007) L439--L447] the analysis of the lowest unique positive integer game is simplified by some reasonable assumptions that make the problem tractable for arbitrary numbers of players. However, here we show that the solution obtained for rational players is not a Nash equilibrium and that a rational utility maximizer with full computational capability would arrive at a solution with a superior expected payoff. An exact solution is presented for the three- and four-player cases and an approximate solution for an arbitrary number of players.
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The chapter analyses the subordination of the natural environment to economic rationality as the central example of ‘post-rationality,’ most dramatically manifested in the climate change debate and denial. The chapter discusses other... more
The chapter analyses the subordination of the natural environment to economic rationality as the central example of ‘post-rationality,’ most dramatically manifested in the climate change debate and denial. The chapter discusses other environmental issues such as waste, resource depletion and pollution of the land, sea, air and even the Earth’s orbit. The chapter presents several illustrative case studies of environmental disasters that became milestones to environmental awareness in Western countries. Built-in obsolescence and industrial food production are presented as case studies of economic rationality ultimately harming society and the natural environment. The authors discuss whether Western capitalism, driven by the economic imperative, is able to reform itself in order to account for negative environmental externalities, in particular the global problem of climate change.
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The Western claim to global leadership and the legitimation of its dominance relies on the argument that the West is a rational, democratic, science-based civilisation. This chapter briefly traces the history of the Western claim to... more
The Western claim to global leadership and the legitimation of its dominance relies on the argument that the West is a rational, democratic, science-based civilisation. This chapter briefly traces the history of the Western claim to rationality, embedded in scientific inquiry and the development of secular democracy, both based in free critical discourse. The principle of quantification is the pivot of scientific rationality, as the development of the scientific method means switching from judging to measuring. Economic rationality is a derivative of scientific rationality, and its ontology of numbers is therefore difficult to challenge. The historical and ideological foundations of market-based capitalism are discussed. Finally, the use of GDP as a measure of progress of the affluent society is examined.
The chapter discusses the social dynamics of the economically rational use of hyper-connectivity made possible by the internet. Internet-mediated work in the ‘sharing economy’ is reviewed: should we celebrate the flexibility or fear the... more
The chapter discusses the social dynamics of the economically rational use of hyper-connectivity made possible by the internet. Internet-mediated work in the ‘sharing economy’ is reviewed: should we celebrate the flexibility or fear the precarious and isolated employment with the loss of workers’ rights? We argue that democracy may be enhanced by the internet connectivity but also endangered by the ubiquity of social media leading to opinion ‘echo chambers,’ the spread of ‘fake news’ and the corruption of the public discourse articulated through the concept of ‘post-truth society.’ Wikipedia is presented as a primary example of the cooperative, participatory potential of the internet. Finally, we discuss the emerging disrespect for experts and knowledge in a world of information hyper-accessibility and overload.
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Parrondo’s Paradox arises when two losing games are combined to produce a winning one. A history dependent quantum Parrondo game is studied where the rotation operators that represent the toss of a classical biased coin are replaced by... more
Parrondo’s Paradox arises when two losing games are combined to produce a winning one. A history dependent quantum Parrondo game is studied where the rotation operators that represent the toss of a classical biased coin are replaced by general SU(2) operators to transform the game into the quantum domain. In the initial state, a superposition of qubits can be used to couple the games and produce interference leading to quite different payoffs to those in the classical case. pacs: 03.67.-a, 02.50.le keywords: quantum games, Parrondo’s paradox
The authors discuss how the finance industry moved beyond its remit of ensuring efficient capital allocation and providing financial intermediation to becoming the prevailing force in the global capitalist economy: the tail that wags the... more
The authors discuss how the finance industry moved beyond its remit of ensuring efficient capital allocation and providing financial intermediation to becoming the prevailing force in the global capitalist economy: the tail that wags the dog of the ‘real economy.’ The highly calculative and purportedly rational, but in reality extremely reckless world of global finance is nowadays comparable to a global super-casino. The chapter details some of the milestones in the rise of ‘unreal money’ and the establishment of powerful stock markets. The dotcom bubble and the US housing market collapse in 2007–2008 are given as examples of the irrational boom-bust nature of the global financial system, which has been further exacerbated in recent years by the advent of ‘high frequency trading.’
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We study a quantum walk in one-dimension using two different "coin" operators. By mixing two operators, both of which give a biased walk with negative expectation value for the walker position, it is possible to reverse the bias through... more
We study a quantum walk in one-dimension using two different "coin" operators. By mixing two operators, both of which give a biased walk with negative expectation value for the walker position, it is possible to reverse the bias through interference effects. This effect is analogous to that in Parrondo's games, where alternating two losing (gambling) games can produce a winning game. The walker bias is produced by introducing a phase factor into the coin operator, with two different phase factors giving games $A$ and $B$. We give the range of phases for which the Parrondo effect can be obtained with $A$ and $B$ played alternately or in other (repeated) deterministic sequences. The effect is transitory. For sufficiently large times the original bias resumes.
We introduce a multi-coin discrete quantum random walk where the amplitude for a coin flip depends upon previous tosses. Although the corresponding classical random walk is unbiased, a bias can be introduced into the quantum walk by... more
We introduce a multi-coin discrete quantum random walk where the amplitude for a coin flip depends upon previous tosses. Although the corresponding classical random walk is unbiased, a bias can be introduced into the quantum walk by varying the history dependence. By mixing the biased random walk with an unbiased one, the direction of the bias can be reversed leading to a new quantum version of Parrondo's paradox.
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In Zeng et al. [Fluct. Noise Lett. 7 (2007) L439--L447] the analysis of the lowest unique positive integer game is simplified by some reasonable assumptions that make the problem tractable for arbitrary numbers of players. However, here... more
In Zeng et al. [Fluct. Noise Lett. 7 (2007) L439--L447] the analysis of the lowest unique positive integer game is simplified by some reasonable assumptions that make the problem tractable for arbitrary numbers of players. However, here we show that the solution obtained for rational players is not a Nash equilibrium and that a rational utility maximizer with full computational
Research Interests:
A protocol for considering decoherence in quantum games is presented. Results for general two-player, two-strategy quantum games subject to decoherence are derived and some specific examples are given. Decoherence in other types of... more
A protocol for considering decoherence in quantum games is presented. Results for general two-player, two-strategy quantum games subject to decoherence are derived and some specific examples are given. Decoherence in other types of quantum games is also considered. As expected, the advantage that a quantum player achieves over a player restricted to classical strategies is diminished for increasing decoherence but
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Research Interests:
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Cellular automata provide a means of obtaining complex behaviour from a simple array of cells and a deterministic transition function. They supply a method of computation that dispenses with the need for manipulation of individual cells... more
Cellular automata provide a means of obtaining complex behaviour from a simple array of cells and a deterministic transition function. They supply a method of computation that dispenses with the need for manipulation of individual cells and they are computationally universal. Classical cellular automata have proved of great interest to computer scientists but the construction of quantum cellular automata pose particular difficulties. We present a version of John Conway's famous twodimensional classical cellular automata Life that has ...
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Research Interests: Engineering, Probability Theory, Stochastic Process, Algorithms, Communication Theory, and 11 moreOptical Communication, Computer Simulation, Mathematical Sciences, Physical sciences, Random Noise, Photons, Model System, Analog to Digital Conversion, Refractometry, Information capacity, and suprathreshold stochastic resonance
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A program of true height analysis of routine ionograms is being carried out using the generalized polynomial analysis program POLAN (Titheridge 1967, 1975, 1985). Representative quiet day electron density profiles are being obtained for... more
A program of true height analysis of routine ionograms is being carried out using the generalized polynomial analysis program POLAN (Titheridge 1967, 1975, 1985). Representative quiet day electron density profiles are being obtained for equinoctial and solstitial periods of 1976 (solar minimum) and 1980 (solar maximum) for a range of Australian ionospheric stations. The analysis technique combines scaled virtual height data with physical constraints using a weighted least squares fit. X-ray data are included where available to provide additional information on underlying or valley regions of the profile. This work should contribute to an improved model of the electron density profile at mid-latitudes and, in particular, provide additional data for the International Reference Atmosphere. Concurrently with the ionogram analysis, work is being undertaken on a theoretical/numerical study of the ionosphere based on the model and computer program of Anderson (1973). This should be able to...
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The application of the methods of quantum mechanics to game theory provides us with the ability to achieve results not otherwise possible. Both linear superpositions of actions and entanglement between the players' moves can be... more
The application of the methods of quantum mechanics to game theory provides us with the ability to achieve results not otherwise possible. Both linear superpositions of actions and entanglement between the players' moves can be exploited. We provide an introduction to quantum game theory and review the current status of the subject.
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In Zeng et al. [Fluct. Noise Lett. 7 (2007) L439–L447] the analysis of the lowest unique positive integer game is simplified by some reasonable assumptions that make the problem tractable for arbitrary numbers of players. However, here we... more
In Zeng et al. [Fluct. Noise Lett. 7 (2007) L439–L447] the analysis of the lowest unique positive integer game is simplified by some reasonable assumptions that make the problem tractable for arbitrary numbers of players. However, here we show that the solution obtained for rational players is not a Nash equilibrium and that a rational utility maximizer with full computational capability would arrive at a solution with a superior expected payoff. An exact solution is presented for the three- and four-player cases and an approximate solution for an arbitrary number of players.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
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Abstract: We study a quantum walk in one-dimension using two different" coin" operators. By mixing two operators, both of which give a biased walk with negative expectation value for the walker position, it is possible to... more
Abstract: We study a quantum walk in one-dimension using two different" coin" operators. By mixing two operators, both of which give a biased walk with negative expectation value for the walker position, it is possible to reverse the bias through interference effects. This effect is analogous to that in Parrondo's games, where alternating two losing (gambling) games can produce a winning game. The walker bias is produced by introducing a phase factor into the coin operator, with two different phase factors giving games $ A $ and $ B $. We give ...