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Purpose: The paper describes some thin layer chromatographic procedures that allow simple and rapid separation and identification of penicillins and cephalosporins from complex mixtures. Methods: Using silicagel GF254 as stationary phase... more
Purpose: The paper describes some thin layer chromatographic procedures that allow simple and rapid separation and identification of penicillins and cephalosporins from complex mixtures. Methods: Using silicagel GF254 as stationary phase and selecting different mobile phases we succeeded in the separation of the studied beta-lactamins. Our aim was not only to develop a simple, rapid and efficient method for their separation but also the optimization of the analytical conditions. Results: No system will separate all the beta-lactams, but they could be identified when supplementary information is used from color reactions and/or by using additional chromatographic systems. Conclusions: The right combination of solvent system and detection method allows the identification of the studied penicillins and cephalosporins and can be successfully used in the preliminary analysis beta-lactam antibiotics. Conclusion: The right combination of solvent system and detection method allows the identification of the studied penicillins and cephalosporins and can be successfully used in the preliminary analysis beta-lactam antibiotics.
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Since its introduction capillary electrophoresis has shown great potential in areas where electrophoretic techniques have rarely been used before, including here the analysis of pharmaceutical substances. The large majority of... more
Since its introduction capillary electrophoresis has shown great potential in areas where electrophoretic techniques have rarely been used before, including here the analysis of pharmaceutical substances. The large majority of pharmaceutical substances are neutral from electrophoretic point of view, consequently separations by the classic capillary zone electrophoresis; where separation is based on the differences between the own electrophoretic mobilities of the analytes; are hard to achieve. Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, a hybrid method that combines chromatographic and electrophoretic separation principles, extends the applicability of capillary electrophoretic methods to neutral analytes. In micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, surfactants are added to the buffer solution in concentration above their critical micellar concentrations, consequently micelles are formed; micelles that undergo electrophoretic migration like any other charged particle. The separation is based on the differential partitioning of an analyte between the two-phase system: the mobile aqueous phase and micellar pseudostationary phase. The present paper aims to summarize the basic aspects regarding separation principles and practical applications of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, with particular attention to those relevant in pharmaceutical analysis.
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One of the most widely used flavour enhancers in the food industry is monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG consumption has been on an upward trend, worrying in terms of potential toxic effects. This review is focused on the long-term toxicity... more
One of the most widely used flavour enhancers in the food industry is monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG consumption has been on an upward trend, worrying in terms of potential toxic effects. This review is focused on the long-term toxicity of MSG and the experimental evidence that supports it. The article's primary purpose was to survey recently published data regarding the consumption of MSG within safe limits. The administered doses in animal models are very varied and have given rise to controversy. Also, the paper comprises pathways to lower MSG toxicity and highlight other underexploited biological effects, as anti-cancer potential. The administration of MSG, combined with various compounds, has been shown benefit against toxic effects. Several recent studies have identified a possible mechanism that recommends MSG and some derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents. New anti-cancer compounds based on the glutamic acid structure must be studied and further exploited. International regulations require harmonization of safe doses of MSG based on current scientific studies. Replacing MSG with other umami flavour enhancers may be a safer alternative for human health in the future. The biological consequences of MSG consumption or therapeutical administration have not been fully deciphered yet.
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Research Interests: Analytical Chemistry, Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, Organometallic Chemistry, NMR Spectroscopy, and 15 moreICP-AES, Medicine, DFT calculation, Silver, Density Functional Theory, Combinatorial Chemistry, Organometallics, XRD Crystallography, UV/Vis spectroscopy, Quinolones, Conductivity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fluoroquinolones, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
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Research Interests: Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Chromatography, Capillary electrophoresis, Separation Techniques, and 15 moreMedicine, Antibacterial agents, Separation processes, Quinolones, Electrophoresis, Reproducibility of Results, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Lomefloxacin, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, difloxacin, and Pefloxacin
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Research Interests: Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Capillary electrophoresis, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Medicine, and 12 moreNmr, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Titration, Antibacterial Agent, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Protons, Norfloxacin, Fluoroquinolones, Acid-Base Equilibrium, protonation, Pefloxacin, and Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
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Research Interests: Medicine and protonation
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Acne vulgaris stands out as the most prevalent skin disorder among teenagers and young adults, causing physical discomfort and considerable economic and psychological burdens on individuals and society. A wide range of topical and... more
Acne vulgaris stands out as the most prevalent skin disorder among teenagers and young adults, causing physical discomfort and considerable economic and psychological burdens on individuals and society. A wide range of topical and systemic therapies are available in acne treatment. Chemical peeling is a skin resurfacing technique designed to rebuild healthy skin using exfoliating substances, a simple and affordable process with various dermatological uses. Chemical peels, classified as superficial, medium, and deep, have been utilized for acne vulgaris and multiple other skin issues. In these chemical peels, a diverse range of chemical substances is employed, each with its unique mode of action. Among these, α-hydroxy and β-hydroxy acids have gathered attention for their efficacy in reducing acne lesions and enhancing overall skin appearance. Acids, such as salicylic acid, glycolic acid, or lactic acid, are commonly used in chemical peels due to their exfoliating and sebum-regulatin...
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Glutamic acid is a non-essential amino acid involved in multiple metabolic pathways. Of high importance is its relationship with glutamine, an essential fuel for cancer cell development. Compounds that can modify glutamine or glutamic... more
Glutamic acid is a non-essential amino acid involved in multiple metabolic pathways. Of high importance is its relationship with glutamine, an essential fuel for cancer cell development. Compounds that can modify glutamine or glutamic acid behaviour in cancer cells have resulted in attractive anticancer therapeutic alternatives. Based on this idea, we theoretically formulated 123 glutamic acid derivatives using Biovia Draw. Suitable candidates for our research were selected among them. For this, online platforms and programs were used to describe specific properties and their behaviour in the human organism. Nine compounds proved to have suitable or easy to optimise properties. The selected compounds showed cytotoxicity against breast adenocarcinoma, lung cancer cell lines, colon carcinoma, and T cells from acute leukaemia. Compound 2Ba5 exhibited the lowest toxicity, and derivative 4Db6 exhibited the most intense bioactivity. Molecular docking studies were also performed. The bindi...
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Effective communication between pharmacists and patients is essential for therapeutic success. The pharmacist's perspective may differ from that of the patient in terms of effective communication. Our study aimed to assess the... more
Effective communication between pharmacists and patients is essential for therapeutic success. The pharmacist's perspective may differ from that of the patient in terms of effective communication. Our study aimed to assess the communication efficiency in the pharmacist-patient relationship from the pharmacists' perspective. We hypothesize that the community pharmacist's perspective can lead to relevant aspects of patient-centred communication and their profession. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire addressed to pharmacists. A number of 506 questionnaires were collected, evaluated, analyzed and interpreted. The questionnaire focused on the following main issues: degree of job satisfaction, essential skills of a pharmacist working in a community pharmacy, different aspects of pharmacist-patient communication, shared decision-making, patient monitoring plan and other elements related to a patient under treatment (healthy lifestyle, receptivity to counselling, loyalty and appreciation of pharmaceutical services). The pharmacist's efficiency in communication with the patient and professional education were also targeted in the study. There are no significant differences between job satisfaction in women compared to men. However, the job satisfaction increases with the average age. Caregiver, communicator and lifelong learner were identified as essential skills of a pharmacist. Pharmacists participating in the study generally perceive themselves as good communicators with the patient. Nevertheless, many particular aspects of communication with patients can be greatly improved. The lack of training in the spirit of the "patient-centred communication" concept has been identified. Still, more than a third of the respondents are missing the need for professional training. A periodic evaluation of the efficiency of pharmacist-patient communication in the community pharmacy is necessary. The degree of subjectivity of the pharmacist from this perspective and self-sufficiency would be significantly diminished if the pharmacists had access to the results of the periodic evaluations.
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Objective: The compatibility of four binary active substances combinations adapalene – levofloxacin (ADP-LFX), adapalene – miconazole nitrate (ADP-MCZ), levofloxacin – meloxicam (LFX-MLX) and levofloxacin – miconazole nitrate (LFX-MCZ)... more
Objective: The compatibility of four binary active substances combinations adapalene – levofloxacin (ADP-LFX), adapalene – miconazole nitrate (ADP-MCZ), levofloxacin – meloxicam (LFX-MLX) and levofloxacin – miconazole nitrate (LFX-MCZ) was analysed to be comprised in new transdermal therapeutic systems. Also, the compatibility of selected active substances and four polymeric excipients (hydroxypropyl methyl-cellulose - HPMC 15000, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose - HPMC E5, ethyl cellulose - EC 10, and hydroxyethyl cellulose – HEC) was studied. Methods: Thin layer chromatographic method (TLC) and four selected mobile phases were used. On the plate (in situ) were obtained the binary combinations (active substances and active substance-polymer). Results: A good compatibility of ADP-LFX was found using ammonia : methanol : acetonitrile : methylene chloride 2:4:1:4 mobile phase. Using chloroform : acetone : glacial acetic acid 34:4:3 on the chromatogram of ADP-MCZ, only ADP spots appeared ...
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Introduction: Antibacterial quinolones class comprises a series of synthetic antibacterial agents, following the model of nalidixic acid. Because of their common 6-fl uorosubtituent on the quinolone ring, fluroquinolones are the most... more
Introduction: Antibacterial quinolones class comprises a series of synthetic antibacterial agents, following the model of nalidixic acid. Because of their common 6-fl uorosubtituent on the quinolone ring, fluroquinolones are the most potent analogues with extended spectrum of activity and great pharmacokinetic properties. The applicability of capillary zone electrophoresis for the separation of fl uoroquinolones in acidic background electrolyte has been studied, our aim being the development of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the simultaneous separation of six fl uoroquinolones and also to optimize the analytical conditions. The six studied fl uoroquinolones were ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, enrofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin and sarafloxacin. Material and methods: Preliminary, we studied the electrophoretic behavior of six fluoroquinolones in an acidic pH, which highlighted the possibility of developing a separation method in this area of pH. Electrophoretic parameters i...
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In the current study we developed a micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of the most frequently used tuberculostatics isoniazid and rifampicin. The influence of pH, buffer... more
In the current study we developed a micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of the most frequently used tuberculostatics isoniazid and rifampicin. The influence of pH, buffer concentration, surfactant concentrations, applied voltage, system temperature, injection parameters over the separation were studied as experimental variables. The optimal separation was carried out at 20°C and 25 kV, using a 25 mM borate buffer and 50 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS at pH of 9.30. Under these conditions, the analysis was accomplished in about 3 minutes, the order of migration being isoniazid followed by rifampicin.
Antibacterial fluoroquinolones (FQs) are frequently used in treating infections. However, the value of FQs is debatable due to their association with severe adverse effects (AEs). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued safety... more
Antibacterial fluoroquinolones (FQs) are frequently used in treating infections. However, the value of FQs is debatable due to their association with severe adverse effects (AEs). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued safety warnings concerning their side-effects in 2008, followed by the European Medicine Agency (EMA) and regulatory authorities from other countries. Severe AEs associated with some FQs have been reported, leading to their withdrawal from the market. New systemic FQs have been recently approved. The FDA and EMA approved delafloxacin. Additionally, lascufloxacin, levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin, sitafloxacin, and zabofloxacin were approved in their origin countries. The relevant AEs of FQs and their mechanisms of occurrence have been approached. New systemic FQs present potent antibacterial activity against many resistant bacteria (including resistance to FQs). Generally, in clinical studies, the new FQs were well-tolerated with mild or moderate AEs. All the new ...
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The tetracycline antibiotic class has acquired new valuable members due to the optimisation of the chemical structure. The first modern tetracycline introduced into therapy was tigecycline, followed by omadacycline, eravacycline, and... more
The tetracycline antibiotic class has acquired new valuable members due to the optimisation of the chemical structure. The first modern tetracycline introduced into therapy was tigecycline, followed by omadacycline, eravacycline, and sarecycline (the third generation). Structural and physicochemical key elements which led to the discovery of modern tetracyclines are approached. Thus, several chemical subgroups are distinguished, such as glycylcyclines, aminomethylcyclines, and fluorocyclines, which have excellent development potential. The antibacterial spectrum comprises several resistant bacteria, including those resistant to old tetracyclines. Sarecycline, a narrow-spectrum tetracycline, is notable for being very effective against Cutinebacterium acnes. The mechanism of antibacterial action from the perspective of the new compound is approached. Several severe bacterial infections are treated with tigecycline, omadacycline, and eravacycline (with parenteral or oral formulations)....
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The main objective of this review is to highlight the urgent development of new antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Antiviral medication against SARS-CoV-2 comprises only remdesivir as an... more
The main objective of this review is to highlight the urgent development of new antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Antiviral medication against SARS-CoV-2 comprises only remdesivir as an approved drug. Scientists are making considerable efforts to identify other effective antivirals. Investments into the de novo design of new drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 virus are few. Molnupiravir proved to be effective against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is very close to approval. Pfizer’s two new compounds (PF-07321332, oral administration and PF-07304814, systemic administration) are in the early stages of development. Two types of methods are preferred to discover new antivirals in a short period. Repositioning of approved drugs for antiviral effect conducted to some clinical results for favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, danoprevir/ritonavir, umifenovir, hydroxychloroquine, camostat and nafamostat. Virtual screening of known molecules’ libraries indicate...
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The study of bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) has constantly been expanding, especially in the last decade. The biosynthesis of BNPs mediated by natural extracts is simple, low-cost, and safe for the environment. Plant extracts contain... more
The study of bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) has constantly been expanding, especially in the last decade. The biosynthesis of BNPs mediated by natural extracts is simple, low-cost, and safe for the environment. Plant extracts contain phenolic compounds that act as reducing agents (flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and alkaloids) and stabilising ligands moieties (carbonyl, carboxyl, and amine groups), useful in the green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs), and are free of toxic by-products. Noble bimetallic NPs (containing silver, gold, platinum, and palladium) have potential for biomedical applications due to their safety, stability in the biological environment, and low toxicity. They substantially impact human health (applications in medicine and pharmacy) due to the proven biological effects (catalytic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and regenerative activity). To the best of our knowledge, there are no review papers in the literature on the ...
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The present paper aims to highlight some particular aspects of pharmacy students training, focusing on the pharmacy students’ attitude towards medicine, through cognitive and perceptive construction. The existence of such an attitude can... more
The present paper aims to highlight some particular aspects of pharmacy students training, focusing on the pharmacy students’ attitude towards medicine, through cognitive and perceptive construction. The existence of such an attitude can lead to the implementation of new viable strategies towards education and self-education. A questionnaire-based survey was applied to pharmacy students of the Faculty of Pharmacy from Târgu Mures, Romania, in 3 different stages of their academic development (students from the 1 st year, the 3 rd and the 5 th year), to probe their perceptions and attitudes towards medicines, their use and value. The collected data was then processed and analysed and the responses interpreted usually in the sense that differences seen are not random, but are the expression of the influence of the educational system and academic gradual maturity on the student perspectives and perceptions. However, it is necessary for the pharmacy student to empower and acknowledge, th...
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One of the most effective antituberculosis treatments is the combination between isoniazid and rifampicin. Two alternative UV spectrophotometric methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of isoniazid and rifampicin in... more
One of the most effective antituberculosis treatments is the combination between isoniazid and rifampicin. Two alternative UV spectrophotometric methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of isoniazid and rifampicin in mixture, by employing simultaneous equation method and first-derivative spectrophotometry respectively. The determinations were performed in methanol. In the simultaneous equation method, the absorbtion maxima of the two drugs, 263 nm and 338 nm, were selected for estimation of isoniazid and rifampicin respectively. The second method was based on a first-derivative spectrophotometric method involving the determination of the analytes at their respective zero crossing point, the determinations were made at 263 nm for rifampicin and 290 nm for isoniazid respectively. Both substances obeyed LambertBeer’s law in a concentration range between 5 50 μg/mL. The analytical performances of the proposed methods were verified regarding their accuracy, linearity, pr...
Adapalene (ADP) is a representative of the third retinoids generation and successfully used in first-line acne treatment. ADP binds to retinoic acid nuclear receptors. The comedolytic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and... more
Adapalene (ADP) is a representative of the third retinoids generation and successfully used in first-line acne treatment. ADP binds to retinoic acid nuclear receptors. The comedolytic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory are the known ADP effects. Its safety profile is an advantage over other retinoids. ADP recently was found to be effective in the treatment of several dermatological diseases and photoaging besides the utility in the treatment of acne vulgaris. New biological effects of adapalene with therapeutic potential are highlighted in this review paper. Thus, adapalene could be a valuable therapeutic drug into the treatment of several types of cancer. Additionally, some neurodegenerative diseases could be treated with a suitable formulation for intravenous administration. The antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of an analogue of ADP has been proven. In different therapeutic schemes, ADP is more effective in combina...
Research Interests: Pharmacology, Cancer, Dermatology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medicine, and 15 moreNeuroprotection, Pharmaceuticals, Acne Treatment, Acne Vulgaris, Acne, Antibacterial activity, Pharmaceutical science, Immunomodulatory, Mechanism of action, Antitumor Activity, Antiinflammatory Activity, Adapalene, depigmentation, comedolytic effect, and keratolytic effect
One of the most widely used flavour enhancers in the food industry is monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG consumption has been on an upward trend, worrying in terms of potential toxic effects. This review is focused on the long-term toxicity... more
One of the most widely used flavour enhancers in the food industry is monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG consumption has been on an upward trend, worrying in terms of potential toxic effects. This review is focused on the long-term toxicity of MSG and the experimental evidence that supports it. The article's primary purpose was to survey recently published data regarding the consumption of MSG within safe limits. The administered doses in animal models are very varied and have given rise to controversy. Also, the paper comprises pathways to lower MSG toxicity and highlight other underexploited biological effects, as anti-cancer potential. The administration of MSG, combined with various compounds, has been shown benefit against toxic effects. Several recent studies have identified a possible mechanism that recommends MSG and some derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents. New anti-cancer compounds based on the glutamic acid structure must be studied and further exploited. International regulations require harmonization of safe doses of MSG based on current scientific studies. Replacing MSG with other umami flavour enhancers may be a safer alternative for human health in the future. The biological consequences of MSG consumption or therapeutical administration have not been fully deciphered yet.
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Rusu A. Uivaroşi V. Chinolone antibacteriene – evoluţie şi perspective de dezvoltare. Editura Medicală, 2013, 307 pagini, ISBN 978-973-39-0760-2, cod CNCS 167... more
Rusu A. Uivaroşi V. Chinolone antibacteriene – evoluţie şi perspective de dezvoltare. Editura Medicală, 2013, 307 pagini, ISBN 978-973-39-0760-2, cod CNCS 167 http://www.librariaonline.ro/medicina/umana/diverse/chinolone_antibacteriene_evolutie_si_perspective_de_dezvoltare-rusu_aura-p10070321
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The evolution of the class of antibacterial quinolones includes the introduction in therapy of highly successful compounds. Although many representatives were withdrawn due to severe adverse reactions, a few representatives have proven... more
The evolution of the class of antibacterial quinolones includes the introduction in therapy of highly successful compounds. Although many representatives were withdrawn due to severe adverse reactions, a few representatives have proven their therapeutical value over time. The classification of antibacterial quinolones into generations is a valuable tool for physicians, pharmacists, and researchers. In addition, the transition from one generation to another has brought new representatives with improved properties. In the last two decades, several representatives of antibacterial quinolones received approval for therapy. This review sets out to chronologically outline the group of approved antibacterial quinolones since 2000. Special attention is given to eight representatives: besifloxacin, delafoxacin, finafloxacin, lascufloxacin, nadifloxacin and levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin, and zabofloxacin. These compounds have been characterized regarding physicochemical properties, formulatio...
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Cephalosporins are beta-lactam antibiotics classified into five generations. The newest generation has three representatives: ceftaroline fosamile, the combination ceftolozane/tazobactam (cephalosporin/beta-lactamase inhibitor), and... more
Cephalosporins are beta-lactam antibiotics classified into five generations. The newest generation has three representatives: ceftaroline fosamile, the combination ceftolozane/tazobactam (cephalosporin/beta-lactamase inhibitor), and ceftobiprole medocaril. These new cephalosporins are valuable anti-infective agents, with potent activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria, and with a positive balance between benefits and side effects. However, the fifth-generation cephalosporins should be judiciously used to prevent the occurrence of bacterial resistance phenomenon.