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Research Interests: Cardiology, Adolescent, Medicine, Humans, Internal Medicine, and 15 moreFemale, Multiple Myeloma, Male, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Adult, Ejection Fraction, Anthracyclines, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Cardiac function, Breast Neoplasms, Busulfan, systole, and Hematologic neoplasms
It is important but sometimes difficult to establish a diagnosis of toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in an HIV-positive immunodeficient patient. The most promising non-invasive method is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Toxoplasma gondii... more
It is important but sometimes difficult to establish a diagnosis of toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in an HIV-positive immunodeficient patient. The most promising non-invasive method is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Toxoplasma gondii in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In a retrospective study PCR was used to analyse CSF for the presence of T. gondii DNA in 5 HIV-infected patients with a clinical suspicion of TE (group 1), 8 patients with other HIV-associated symptoms (group 2) and 7 other patients with neurological disorders (group 3). PCR was positive in 2/4 patients with a final diagnosis of TE and negative in all remaining patients in all 3 groups. The 2 patients with positive PCR had a fulminant course and experienced treatment failure. The albumin index was elevated in 4/5 patients in group 1, of whom 3/4 had a final diagnosis of TE, with suspected TE in 1. This small study confirms earlier data indicating that the PCR test has a low sensitivity but a high specificity.
Research Interests: Toxoplasma, Infectious Diseases, Medicine, Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii, and 15 moreCerebrospinal Fluid, Humans, Internal Medicine, Female, Animals, Male, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Encephalitis, and Fulminant
Research Interests:
The present study was performed to evaluate experimentally the possible cardiotoxicity of high doses of cyclophosphamide after pretreatment with anthracyclines, a regimen used prior to bone marrow transplantation. A total of 27 rabbits... more
The present study was performed to evaluate experimentally the possible cardiotoxicity of high doses of cyclophosphamide after pretreatment with anthracyclines, a regimen used prior to bone marrow transplantation. A total of 27 rabbits received daunorubicin at a dose of 2.25 mg/kg per week for 10 weeks. At 1 week after the last daunorubicin dose, 13 of these rabbits received cyclophosphamide at 100 mg/kg per day x2 (total dose, 200 mg/kg). All animals were killed after 1 additional week. Seven rabbits received cyclophosphamide at 100 mg/kg per day x2 and two animals were given 50 mg/kg per day x2 without additional treatment. In all, 18 untreated rabbits served as controls. At 3 h before the animals were killed, they received [99mTc]-pyrophosphate i.v. Myocardial isotope activity was determined using a detector, and cardiac specimens were examined with a gamma-camera. Cardiotoxic effects were evaluated by myocardial isotope accumulation and pathologic changes were determined by morphology and by light and electron microscopy. The pathologic evaluation showed more frequent and widespread acute myocyte necrosis in daunorubicin/cyclophosphamide-treated rabbits as compared with those treated with daunorubicin or cyclophosphamide only. Myocardial isotope accumulation in rabbits treated with daunorubicin/cyclophosphamide was significantly higher then that in animals treated with either drug alone (2 alpha less than or equal to 0.001). Rabbits receiving cyclophosphamide as a single agent showed minor myocyte lesions but did not differ from controls in terms of isotope accumulation. We conclude that high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment on a dose schedule similar to that used prior to bone marrow transplantation and given soon after long-term daunorubicin therapy is considerably cardiotoxic.
Research Interests:
The lumbar spine of 14 cadavers was studied both by 153Gd dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) at 96 and 125 kVp. The intact spine and the individual vertebrae were analyzed. After these measurements... more
The lumbar spine of 14 cadavers was studied both by 153Gd dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) at 96 and 125 kVp. The intact spine and the individual vertebrae were analyzed. After these measurements the ash content of the vertebral body, the posterior elements, and the transverse processes was determined. The fat content of the vertebral body as well as its volume was also measured. With DPA, the bone mineral content (BMC) determined in situ as well as on excised spine specimens correlated highly with the amount of total vertebral ash (r greater than 0.92, SEE less than 3.2 g). The bone mineral density (BMD, area density) of 3 lumbar vertebrae correlated accurately with the mean ash density of the vertebral body (r greater than 0.81, SEE less than 0.015 g/cm3). The so-called corpus density and central density determinations were less accurate. No difference in accuracy was found between measurements when using 3 mm and 4.5 mm step intervals. Variations in the distribution of mineral between the vertebral body and the posterior elements contribute to the error in predicting vertebral body mineral with DPA. QCT gave a smaller error when a cylindric portion of the vertebral body with a 20 mm diameter was measured compared with one with a 9 mm diameter, when the dual energy technique was used (p less than 0.01). With dual energy QCT a correlation was found between a center segment of 3 vertebrae in the lumbar spine and the mean ash density of the vertebral body of r = 0.92 (SEE = 0.010 g/cm3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Abstract Background: Studies of extraocular muscle (EOM) by mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI) need to be extended to normal subjects of different ages to obtain data on the muscle thickness, cross-sectional ar-ea, and the volume of EOM... more
Abstract Background: Studies of extraocular muscle (EOM) by mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI) need to be extended to normal subjects of different ages to obtain data on the muscle thickness, cross-sectional ar-ea, and the volume of EOM and oth-er orbital tissues. ...
Research Interests: Physics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Morphology, Medicine, Anatomy, and 13 moreOptic Nerve, Measurement, Magnetic Resonance, Technique, Volume, Eye, Optometry and Ophthalmology, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Age Groups, Extraocular Muscles, Magnetic resonance image, Medial Rectus, and cross sectional area
Research Interests:
Study Design. Preclinical studies: Efficacy and toxicological studies on lactic acid (LA)-induced sclerozation in pig lumbar discs. Clinical study: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study... more
Study Design. Preclinical studies: Efficacy and toxicological studies on lactic acid (LA)-induced sclerozation in pig lumbar discs. Clinical study: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study investigating the safety and local tolerability of LA. Objective. To determine if LA produces sclerozation of the porcine nucleus pulposus (NP) followed by a phase Ib study to evaluate preliminary safety, tolerability, and efficacy of LA in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain. Summary of Background Data. Surgical stabilization of a motion segment harboring a painful degenerated disc often affords symptomatic relief. In the present study, the hypothesis was tested that LA can produce sclerozation and stabilization of the NP. Methods. LA (0.2 mL; 60, 120, or 240 mg/mL) or vehicle was injected into the NP or close to the extra spinal region of spinal nerves of young female pigs. The size of the NP, MRI changes, flexural stiffness, and histology of the disc was studied after up to 84 days of survival. Fifteen patients injected intra discally with placebo (iohexol, 1.5 mL, n = 6) or iohexol plus LA (30, 60, or 120 mg/mL; three patients in each group) were followed for up to 12 months. Results. Injection of LA in the pig reproducibly induced sclerozation of the NP and increased flexural rigidity. Histological changes included generation of connective tissue and increased expression of collagen I. No safety concerns were raised. Adverse events in patients were limited to transiently increased low back pain with no obvious difference between treatment groups. There was indication of lower water content of NP injected with the two highest doses of LA. Conclusion. LA has a sclerozing effect on the NP in pigs and patients and is therefore a candidate for further clinical studies powered to determine its potential as a treatment of chronic discogenic low back pain. Level of Evidence: 2
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Abstract Experimental cardiomyopathy in terms of heart hypertrophy and noninflammatory myocardial lesions was induced in rabbit by iv administration of anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin during 2 to 12 weeks. The animals showed a high... more
Abstract Experimental cardiomyopathy in terms of heart hypertrophy and noninflammatory myocardial lesions was induced in rabbit by iv administration of anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin during 2 to 12 weeks. The animals showed a high rate of unexpected ...
Research Interests:
In long-term daunorubicin treated rabbits increased myocardial accumulation of 99Tcm-pyrophosphate and 99Tcm-gluconate of a varying degree were recorded, visible at gamma camera examination in more than half of the animals. Chronic... more
In long-term daunorubicin treated rabbits increased myocardial accumulation of 99Tcm-pyrophosphate and 99Tcm-gluconate of a varying degree were recorded, visible at gamma camera examination in more than half of the animals. Chronic cardiomyopathy morphologically and topographically different from the ischemic myocardial injury was demonstrated in most animals at light microscopic examination. The myocardial abnormalities were classified in qualitative and quantitative scores and compared with the degree of isotope accumulation. The rabbits receiving a large single dose of daunorubicin had slightly increased isotope accumulation in the myocardium but no histopathologic changes.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nuclear medicine, Medicine, Humans, Femur, and 15 moreFemale, Multiple Myeloma, Male, Bone marrow, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Pelvis, Longitudinal Studies, Clinical Imaging, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Image Enhancement, Adult, ACTA, Contrast Media, and lumbar vertebrae
Research Interests: Endocrinology, Calcium, Medicine, Growth Hormone, Humans, and 15 moreInternal Medicine, Female, Bone Density, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Adult, Bone Mineral Density, Osteopenia, Calcitonin, Estradiol, Bromocriptine, lumbar vertebrae, Pituitary Neoplasms, hyperprolactinemia, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Decision Making, Chronic Pain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Medicine, and 15 moreLow back pain, Discography, Humans, Female, Male, Young Adult, Intervertebral disc, Differential Diagnosis, Intervertebral disc degeneration, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Professional Practice, Adult, X ray Computed Tomography, and Neurosciences
To analyse the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the extent of white matter lesions (WMLs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we examined 60 AD patients with magnetic resonance imaging. The WMLs were rated visually in different... more
To analyse the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the extent of white matter lesions (WMLs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we examined 60 AD patients with magnetic resonance imaging. The WMLs were rated visually in different brain regions. The patients with the APOE genotype σ4/4 had more extensive WMLs in the deep white matter than patients with genotypes σ3/3 and σ3/4. There was a correlation with age for WMLs in the deep white matter in patients with the APOE σ3/3 genotype. In patients carrying at least one σ4 allele, the WMLs showed no age correlation. The results could imply that in APOE allele σ4 carriers, the WMLs represent a pathological process related to the aetiology of the disease.
Research Interests:
Purpose: To develop an interpretation model, based on repeatedly acquired images, aimed at improving assessments of technical efficacy and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of small lesions. Material and Methods: A theoretical model is... more
Purpose: To develop an interpretation model, based on repeatedly acquired images, aimed at improving assessments of technical efficacy and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of small lesions. Material and Methods: A theoretical model is proposed. The studied population consists of subjects that develop focal lesions which increase in size in organs of interest during the study period. The imaging modality produces images that can be re‐interpreted with high precision, e.g. conventional radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. At least four repeat examinations are carried out. Results: The interpretation is performed in four or five steps: 1. Independent readers interpret the examinations chronologically without access to previous or subsequent films. 2. Lesions found on images at the last examination are included in the analysis, with interpretation in consensus. 3. By concurrent back‐reading in consensus, the lesions are identified on previous images until they are so small that even in retrospect they are undetectable. The earliest examination at which included lesions appear is recorded, and the lesions are verified by their growth (imaging reference standard). Lesion size and other characteristics may be recorded. 4. Records made at step 1 are corrected to those of steps 2 and 3. False positives are recorded. 5. (Optional) Lesion type is confirmed by another diagnostic test. Conclusion: Applied on subjects with progressive disease, the proposed image interpretation model may improve assessments of technical efficacy and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of small focal lesions. The model may provide an accurate imaging reference standard as well as repeated detection rates and false‐positive rates for tested imaging modalities. However, potential review bias necessitates a strict protocol.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
To detect morphological changes in the prostate, as depicted with MR imaging, in order to clarify the effects of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT). Twenty patients with prostatism and a prostatic volume of 30-71 cm3 underwent... more
To detect morphological changes in the prostate, as depicted with MR imaging, in order to clarify the effects of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT). Twenty patients with prostatism and a prostatic volume of 30-71 cm3 underwent MR examination before, the day after, and 6 months after treatment. TUMT was carried out with a Prostatron. A method to detect oedematous changes on heavily T2-weighted MR images was developed and used as an indicator of morphological changes. The study showed some correlation (r=0.59) between the energy given at TUMT and an increased T2 signal. All patients with increased T2 signal except one were found among those who received the highest amount of energy to the prostate. Of 8 patients, 6 showed a symptomatic response to the treatment and 2 did not. There was a weak statistical correlation (r=0.41) between treatment response and increased T2 signal. The study does not support the view that TUMT leads to significant necrosis in the prostate with loss of tissue and retraction. We theorize that the response to TUMT may be caused by a denervation of the prostate.
Research Interests:
The non-ionic monomeric contrast media iopamidol and iohexol were compared concerning enhancement in the organs of the upper abdomen in CT. The average peak enhancement above the base line for the 2 contrast media in the liver, vena cava,... more
The non-ionic monomeric contrast media iopamidol and iohexol were compared concerning enhancement in the organs of the upper abdomen in CT. The average peak enhancement above the base line for the 2 contrast media in the liver, vena cava, aorta and spleen was calculated. No difference between the contrast media was found with regard to increase in contrast enhancement. No correlation between the peak enhancement and body weight and body surface was found with either of the 2 contrast media.
Research Interests:
This Swedish multicenter trial was performed on patients with known or suspected lesions of the CNS for which an MR examination using a contrast medium was indicated. A total of 8 MR centers participated in the study to establish the... more
This Swedish multicenter trial was performed on patients with known or suspected lesions of the CNS for which an MR examination using a contrast medium was indicated. A total of 8 MR centers participated in the study to establish the safety and efficacy of Omniscan (gadodiamide injection) in clinical routine using a standard dose of 0.1 mmol Gd/kg b.w. Seven hundred adult patients who had been referred for MR investigation of suspected CNS lesions were included in the study. Since most patients were examined on an outpatient basis, it was decided to use an explicit questionnaire regarding adverse events that developed within 24 h after examination. The efficacy evaluation involved comparisons of detectability, delineation, and number of lesions before and after injection of Omniscan. No serious or unexpected adverse event was found. There were a total of 70 (10.2%) patients with adverse events, excluding those judged not to be contrast media-related. However, only 15 patients (2.2%) had adverse events that possibly or probably were related to the contrast medium. Usually, the symptoms were headache, dizziness, abnormal taste, and nausea. Two patients complained of itching, but only one developed urticaria. The efficacy was similar to that of other currently used Gd-based MR agents. Lesions were more often seen on T2-weighted images, but the contrast medium improved lesion delineation, contributing to higher certainty in diagnosis, and provided more confidence in excluding suspected abnormality. Omniscan was found to be a safe and clinically valuable contrast medium for MR imaging of the CNS.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
A 26-year-old previously healthy woman developed granulomatous pneumonitis, encephalitis, and genital ulceration during primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV DNA was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction analysis of serum,... more
A 26-year-old previously healthy woman developed granulomatous pneumonitis, encephalitis, and genital ulceration during primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV DNA was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction analysis of serum, lung tissue, and genital ulcer specimens. Serology verified primary EBV infection. The patient lacked lymphocytes cytotoxic to autologous EBV-transformed B lymphocytes. No spontaneous or in vitro EBV-induced interferon g (IFN-g) production was evident in peripheral blood. The cells had normal IFN-g production when stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus exotoxin A. In the bone marrow and peripheral blood, the number of large granular CD56/ lymphocytes (natural killer cells) increased 39% – 55%, but no CD4 or CD8 cell lymphocytosis was initially found. A partial clinical response was achieved with treatment with acyclovir, corticosteroids, and intravenous g-globulin. Because of persistent granulomatous central nervous system and lung involvement, subcut...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Study Design. Preclinical studies: Efficacy and toxicological studies on lactic acid (LA)-induced sclerozation in pig lumbar discs. Clinical study: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study... more
Study Design. Preclinical studies: Efficacy and toxicological studies on lactic acid (LA)-induced sclerozation in pig lumbar discs. Clinical study: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study investigating the safety and local tolerability of LA. Objective. To determine if LA produces sclerozation of the porcine nucleus pulposus (NP) followed by a phase Ib study to evaluate preliminary safety, tolerability, and efficacy of LA in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain. Summary of Background Data. Surgical stabilization of a motion segment harboring a painful degenerated disc often affords symptomatic relief. In the present study, the hypothesis was tested that LA can produce sclerozation and stabilization of the NP. Methods. LA (0.2 mL; 60, 120, or 240 mg/mL) or vehicle was injected into the NP or close to the extra spinal region of spinal nerves of young female pigs. The size of the NP, MRI changes, flexural stiffness, and histolo...
Research Interests:
In long-term daunorubicin treated rabbits increased myocardial accumulation of 99Tcm-pyrophosphate and 99Tcm-gluconate of a varying degree were recorded, visible at gamma camera examination in more than half of the animals. Chronic... more
In long-term daunorubicin treated rabbits increased myocardial accumulation of 99Tcm-pyrophosphate and 99Tcm-gluconate of a varying degree were recorded, visible at gamma camera examination in more than half of the animals. Chronic cardiomyopathy morphologically and topographically different from the ischemic myocardial injury was demonstrated in most animals at light microscopic examination. The myocardial abnormalities were classified in qualitative and quantitative scores and compared with the degree of isotope accumulation. The rabbits receiving a large single dose of daunorubicin had slightly increased isotope accumulation in the myocardium but no histopathologic changes.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Decision Making, Chronic Pain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Medicine, and 15 moreLow back pain, Discography, Humans, Female, Male, Young Adult, Intervertebral disc, Differential Diagnosis, Intervertebral disc degeneration, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Professional Practice, Adult, X ray Computed Tomography, and Neurosciences
It is important but sometimes difficult to establish a diagnosis of toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in an HIV-positive immunodeficient patient. The most promising non-invasive method is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Toxoplasma gondii... more
It is important but sometimes difficult to establish a diagnosis of toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in an HIV-positive immunodeficient patient. The most promising non-invasive method is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Toxoplasma gondii in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In a retrospective study PCR was used to analyse CSF for the presence of T. gondii DNA in 5 HIV-infected patients with a clinical suspicion of TE (group 1), 8 patients with other HIV-associated symptoms (group 2) and 7 other patients with neurological disorders (group 3). PCR was positive in 2/4 patients with a final diagnosis of TE and negative in all remaining patients in all 3 groups. The 2 patients with positive PCR had a fulminant course and experienced treatment failure. The albumin index was elevated in 4/5 patients in group 1, of whom 3/4 had a final diagnosis of TE, with suspected TE in 1. This small study confirms earlier data indicating that the PCR test has a low sensitivity but a high specificity.
Research Interests: Toxoplasma, Infectious Diseases, Medicine, Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii, and 15 moreCerebrospinal Fluid, Humans, Internal Medicine, Female, Animals, Male, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Clinical Sciences, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Encephalitis, and Fulminant
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Computer Science, Psychiatry, Neuroimaging, Methodology, and 15 moreAphasia, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Medicine, Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance, Clinical Sciences, Dimensional, Aged, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Alzheimer Disease, Neurosciences, Automatic data processing, Magnetic resonance image, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests:
To correlate exophthalmos with the volume of extraocular muscle and orbital fatty tissue in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), using MRI that enables the orbital soft tissues to be well defined. Thirty-three orbits, 20 from 10... more
To correlate exophthalmos with the volume of extraocular muscle and orbital fatty tissue in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), using MRI that enables the orbital soft tissues to be well defined. Thirty-three orbits, 20 from 10 patients with TAO and 13 from 13 controls, were employed. T1-weighted orbital MR slices 2 or 3 mm thick were obtained in axial, coronal and sagittal planes. Tracing the outlines of each structure, we measured the total sectional areas. Volumes of the extraocular muscle, of the fatty tissue and of the bony orbital cavity were calculated by multiplying the slice thickness. Exophthalmos was also measured using axial MRI. In TAO the volume increment of orbital fatty tissue (6.19 cm(3)) was much greater than that of extraocular muscle (1.16 cm(3)). Increase of exophthalmos by 1 mm needed a total orbital volume increment of 0.92 cm(3). The total orbital fatty tissue volume (correlation coefficient 0.70, P=0.06%) and the anterior orbital fatty tissue volume (0.64, P=0.23%) were more closely correlated with the degree of exophthalmos than was extraocular muscle volume (0.58, P=0.8%). Moreover, the volume increment of extraocular muscle and orbital fatty tissue was not always proportional. The results show that the orbital fatty tissue involvement is closely related to the degree of exophthalmos. For studying exophthalmos in TAO, the volumetric change, not only in ocular muscles, but also in orbital fatty tissue, should be taken into consideration.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Abstract Background: Studies of extraocular muscle (EOM) by mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI) need to be extended to normal subjects of different ages to obtain data on the muscle thickness, cross-sectional ar-ea, and the volume of EOM... more
Abstract Background: Studies of extraocular muscle (EOM) by mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI) need to be extended to normal subjects of different ages to obtain data on the muscle thickness, cross-sectional ar-ea, and the volume of EOM and oth-er orbital tissues. ...
Research Interests: Physics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Morphology, Medicine, Anatomy, and 13 moreOptic Nerve, Measurement, Magnetic Resonance, Technique, Volume, Eye, Optometry and Ophthalmology, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Age Groups, Extraocular Muscles, Magnetic resonance image, Medial Rectus, and cross sectional area
Abstract Experimental cardiomyopathy in terms of heart hypertrophy and noninflammatory myocardial lesions was induced in rabbit by iv administration of anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin during 2 to 12 weeks. The animals showed a high... more
Abstract Experimental cardiomyopathy in terms of heart hypertrophy and noninflammatory myocardial lesions was induced in rabbit by iv administration of anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin during 2 to 12 weeks. The animals showed a high rate of unexpected ...
Research Interests:
Hyperprolactinemia is associated with decreased bone mineral density, which may be caused by the hypogonadism and hypoestrogenicity noticed in patients with hyperprolactinemia. Since calcitonin inhibits the bone resorption, and... more
Hyperprolactinemia is associated with decreased bone mineral density, which may be caused by the hypogonadism and hypoestrogenicity noticed in patients with hyperprolactinemia. Since calcitonin inhibits the bone resorption, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has important anabolic effects on the skeleton, lack of one or both peptides may contribute to the development of osteopenia. We therefore measured the plasma calcitonin and IGF-I levels in nine women with hyperprolactinemia caused by a prolactin-producing pituitary tumor. The calcium-stimulated C-cell reactivity was studied by measuring calcitonin in plasma during a calcium clamp before and after normalization of serum prolactin during treatment with bromocriptine. Basal CT levels were measurable but lower than in healthy controls. Basal IGF-I levels and calcium-stimulated plasma calcitonin were normal in the hyperprolactinemic state and similar to the calcitonin and IGF-I levels during bromocriptine treatment. The serum ...
Research Interests: Endocrinology, Calcium, Medicine, Growth Hormone, Humans, and 15 moreInternal Medicine, Female, Bone Density, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Adult, Bone Mineral Density, Osteopenia, Calcitonin, Estradiol, Bromocriptine, lumbar vertebrae, Pituitary Neoplasms, hyperprolactinemia, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
To analyse the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the extent of white matter lesions (WMLs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we examined 60 AD patients with magnetic resonance imaging. The WMLs were rated visually in different... more
To analyse the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the extent of white matter lesions (WMLs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we examined 60 AD patients with magnetic resonance imaging. The WMLs were rated visually in different brain regions. The patients with the APOE genotype σ4/4 had more extensive WMLs in the deep white matter than patients with genotypes σ3/3 and σ3/4. There was a correlation with age for WMLs in the deep white matter in patients with the APOE σ3/3 genotype. In patients carrying at least one σ4 allele, the WMLs showed no age correlation. The results could imply that in APOE allele σ4 carriers, the WMLs represent a pathological process related to the aetiology of the disease.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The present study was performed to evaluate experimentally the possible cardiotoxicity of high doses of cyclophosphamide after pretreatment with anthracyclines, a regimen used prior to bone marrow transplantation. A total of 27 rabbits... more
The present study was performed to evaluate experimentally the possible cardiotoxicity of high doses of cyclophosphamide after pretreatment with anthracyclines, a regimen used prior to bone marrow transplantation. A total of 27 rabbits received daunorubicin at a dose of 2.25 mg/kg per week for 10 weeks. At 1 week after the last daunorubicin dose, 13 of these rabbits received cyclophosphamide at 100 mg/kg per day x2 (total dose, 200 mg/kg). All animals were killed after 1 additional week. Seven rabbits received cyclophosphamide at 100 mg/kg per day x2 and two animals were given 50 mg/kg per day x2 without additional treatment. In all, 18 untreated rabbits served as controls. At 3 h before the animals were killed, they received [99mTc]-pyrophosphate i.v. Myocardial isotope activity was determined using a detector, and cardiac specimens were examined with a gamma-camera. Cardiotoxic effects were evaluated by myocardial isotope accumulation and pathologic changes were determined by morphology and by light and electron microscopy. The pathologic evaluation showed more frequent and widespread acute myocyte necrosis in daunorubicin/cyclophosphamide-treated rabbits as compared with those treated with daunorubicin or cyclophosphamide only. Myocardial isotope accumulation in rabbits treated with daunorubicin/cyclophosphamide was significantly higher then that in animals treated with either drug alone (2 alpha less than or equal to 0.001). Rabbits receiving cyclophosphamide as a single agent showed minor myocyte lesions but did not differ from controls in terms of isotope accumulation. We conclude that high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment on a dose schedule similar to that used prior to bone marrow transplantation and given soon after long-term daunorubicin therapy is considerably cardiotoxic.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Mathematics, Biomedical Engineering, Minerals, Medicine, Tomography, and 15 moreClinical Practice, Humans, Female, Male, Radionuclide imaging, Calcified tissue, Clinical Sciences, Cadaver, Aged, Middle Aged, Surface Area, Mineral content, Biochemistry and cell biology, lumbar vertebrae, and Bone mineral content
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Cardiology, Adolescent, Medicine, Humans, Internal Medicine, and 15 moreFemale, Multiple Myeloma, Male, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Adult, Ejection Fraction, Anthracyclines, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Cardiac function, Breast Neoplasms, Busulfan, systole, and Hematologic neoplasms
Research Interests:
Purpose: To develop an interpretation model, based on repeatedly acquired images, aimed at improving assessments of technical efficacy and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of small lesions. Material and Methods: A theoretical model is... more
Purpose: To develop an interpretation model, based on repeatedly acquired images, aimed at improving assessments of technical efficacy and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of small lesions. Material and Methods: A theoretical model is proposed. The studied population consists of subjects that develop focal lesions which increase in size in organs of interest during the study period. The imaging modality produces images that can be re‐interpreted with high precision, e.g. conventional radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. At least four repeat examinations are carried out. Results: The interpretation is performed in four or five steps: 1. Independent readers interpret the examinations chronologically without access to previous or subsequent films. 2. Lesions found on images at the last examination are included in the analysis, with interpretation in consensus. 3. By concurrent back‐reading in consensus, the lesions are identified on previous images unti...