The paper deals with the study of epilithic periphyton and detritus standing stock in the river Eastern Nayar, which forms an important part of the food for macrozoobenthos and the fish, thus contributing greatly to the productivity of... more
The paper deals with the study of epilithic periphyton and detritus standing stock in the river Eastern Nayar, which forms an important part of the food for macrozoobenthos and the fish, thus contributing greatly to the productivity of the stream.
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The paper deals with maturation biology and spawning behaviour of a hillstream fish Botia dayi (Hora) collected from river Khoh in the foothills of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttaranchal. Seven maturity stages were determined for the fish. Based... more
The paper deals with maturation biology and spawning behaviour of a hillstream fish Botia dayi (Hora) collected from river Khoh in the foothills of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttaranchal. Seven maturity stages were determined for the fish. Based on GSI, Dobriyal index and availability of different maturity stages during months, it was inferred that the fish spawns during August- September as one time protracted spawner.
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The paper deals with the analysis of reproductive capacity of Puntius conchonius (Ham.-Buch.), an important ornamental fish inhabiting the river MandaI in Garhwal Himalaya. Study is based on 73 mature female... more
The paper deals with the analysis of reproductive capacity of Puntius conchonius (Ham.-Buch.), an important ornamental fish inhabiting the river MandaI in Garhwal Himalaya. Study is based on 73 mature female specimens in a length ranging from 53 to 79 mm were collected from river Mandal. The absolute fecundity ranged from 523.0 1± 100.3 ( fish length 54.2 ± 1.I mm, fish weight 2782.5 ± 84.6 mg, ovary length 17.5 ± 1.2 mm and ovary weight 250.1 1 12.7 mg) to 1366± 282 (fish length 77.4±1.4 mm, fish wight 8408 ± 861 mg, ovary length 26.2 ± 2.2 mm and ovary weight 584.7 ± 112.7 mg). Four linear relationships were observed between fecundity and different body parameters calculated by the method of least squares. Sex ratio of fish in nature was also studied monthly, which varied from 1:1 (April) to 1:1.8 (July) with an annual average I :1.17 (male: female, X ...
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Substratum plays an important role in the thriving of biota at the bottom. It is the medium upon which insects move, find shelter and seek food. In fact it determines to a large extent the micro environmental conditions under which the... more
Substratum plays an important role in the thriving of biota at the bottom. It is the medium upon which insects move, find shelter and seek food. In fact it determines to a large extent the micro environmental conditions under which the insect live. Present Contribution is based on study of substratum and some indicator zoo-benthic species of the river Eastern Nayar from Garhwal Himalaya. Key W o rd s -R iv e r Eastern Nayar, Substratum, Indicator Zoobenthos. INTRODUCTION Substratum is the medium upon which the aquatic insects move rest, find shelter and seek food. According to Minshall (1984) the substratum is a stage upon which the drama of aquatic ecology is acted upon. It consists of various types of organic and inorganic materials which is sufficiently stable for insects to crawl on, cling to or burrow in. In fact the substratum provides different micro-environmental conditions for insect community. Majority of research on substratum-biota relationship is attributed to marine a...
Arid and semiarid regions are characterized by a very stochastic environment, where biotic and abiotic factors exert determinant influences on plant metabolism and restrict distribution and productivity of plants. Adaptation to stress is... more
Arid and semiarid regions are characterized by a very stochastic environment, where biotic and abiotic factors exert determinant influences on plant metabolism and restrict distribution and productivity of plants. Adaptation to stress is undoubtedly one of the most complex biological processes. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) is among the most stable molecule among reactive oxygen species (ROS) acting as a major signaling molecule at lower concentration in plants. It is produced in chloroplasts and mitochondria via electron transport, where oxygen is reduced to superoxide which is further dismutated to H 2 O 2 spontaneously or catalyzed by superoxide dismutase. Ascorbate peroxidase: Superoxide dismutase ratio is also known to be a critical factor governing the stress tolerance potential in finger millet plants. H 2 O 2 being a toxic byproduct but at certain lower levels prove to be an important messenger in signal perception. Therefore in order to obtain a better knowledge about the phy...
Research Interests: Plant Biology and Biology
ISSN: 0974-6943 Available online through www.jpronline.info
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The GFP protein is a protein of high interest for molecular biologists and biotechnologists. Since 1994, this protein has proved to be an indispensable tool for molecular biology and biotechnology research work. This protein requires only... more
The GFP protein is a protein of high interest for molecular biologists and biotechnologists. Since 1994, this protein has proved to be an indispensable tool for molecular biology and biotechnology research work. This protein requires only oxygen and an energy source like glucose to work. It gives a green colour in presence of UV to blue light. This protein can be attached with the foreign gene to track its expression. The main aim of the task is to introduce GFP into the given bacterial culture. Induction of the protein gene is followed by Bradford assay; quantification of protein is done using this. The results of gene induction are checked via SDSPAGE and western blot. All preparations are of standard grade and all readings are taken in triplicates. A standard graph is also made to find out the protein in the unknown.
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The morphology of fishes has been the major source of information for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. The present communication deals with the taxonomic analysis of Golden Mahseer- Tor putitora, collected from river Ujh, a tributary... more
The morphology of fishes has been the major source of information for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. The present communication deals with the taxonomic analysis of Golden Mahseer- Tor putitora, collected from river Ujh, a tributary of Ravi in District Kathua, (Jammu & Kashmir). The morphological characters are generally divided into two major categories, the morphometric and the meristic. For morphometric studies the parameters considered were: the total length, standard length, head length, pre-dorsal length, pre-ventral length, pre-anal length, caudal length, snout length, eye diameter and maximum body depth. The growth of parameters were studied in relation to three independent variables, i.e., total length, standard length and the head length. Meristic counts of fin rays and fin spines etc. were also studied.
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This paper reviews the isolation and identification of Aeromonas spp. through biochemical tests and molecular typing with special reference to their infection in human beings and future prospective of research related to human health.
The present paper describes the general ecology of limnofauna in the small streams of Garhwal Himalaya and their importance to the village people. Special attention have been paid to the potamobiology of the small stream... more
The present paper describes the general ecology of limnofauna in the small streams of Garhwal Himalaya and their importance to the village people. Special attention have been paid to the potamobiology of the small stream 'Chakagadera," a tributary of the river Mandakini.
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The paper deals with the interpretation and importance of a newly invented index for the determination of sexual maturity, month and frequency of spawning in fishes. The index is named as Dobriyal Index (D.I.).
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The present work is based on analysis of inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase inhibitor in selected cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris of Uttarakhand. Fifteen samples were assessed for inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase inhibitor.... more
The present work is based on analysis of inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase inhibitor in selected cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris of Uttarakhand. Fifteen samples were assessed for inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase inhibitor. Significant variations were found in different cultivars. Crude extract of alpha-amylase inhibitor from sample PUR (Purola) have shown maximum inhibitory activity (70.2 ± 0.84). Crude extract of all the cultivars have shown considerable variations in inhibitory activity in the temperature ranging from 20ºC to 100ºC. Based on inhibitory activity and heat stability profile, the alpha amylase inhibitor was purified from PUR cultivar. The purified inhibitor was found to be stable even at 90ºC with an inhibitory activity of 97.20 ±0.09. The molecular weight of purified inhibitor on Native PAGE (Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) was found to be 31kd, consisting of two subunits of 17kd and 14kd on SDS-PAGE.
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A total of 50 strains ofAeromonas spp. were isolated from 50 water and fish samples, and identified biochemically and genetically. Biochemical characterization indicated that 20 out of 50 aeromonads were A. veronii, 19 were A. caviae, 9... more
A total of 50 strains ofAeromonas spp. were isolated from 50 water and fish samples, and identified biochemically and genetically. Biochemical characterization indicated that 20 out of 50 aeromonads were A. veronii, 19 were A. caviae, 9 were A. hydrophila and 2 were A. trota.Molecular identification of isolated aeromonads revealed restriction profile of four species i.e. A. sobria,A. media, A. allosaccharophilaand A. schubertiiin addition toA. veronii, A. caviae, A. hydrophilaand A. trotain 16S rDNA RFLP .The 16S rDNA sequencing results for the 13 strains validated the results of PCR-RFLP analysis forAeromonas identification.Most of the isolates identified by 16S rDNA RFLP were positive for virulence factors as revealed by phenotypic tests such ashemolysin production, casein hydrolysis, gelatinase activity, lipase activity, DNase activity, lecithinase production and siderophore production. Further, a variable number ofAeromonas spp. was positive for lipase and elastase genes indicat...
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Paper deals with the cyto morphological variation in the gastro intestinal tract of Tor putitora. As the fish is carni-omnivore in diet, all parts of the alimentary canal become modified according to its feeding nature. Buccopharynx shows... more
Paper deals with the cyto morphological variation in the gastro intestinal tract of Tor putitora. As the fish is carni-omnivore in diet, all parts of the alimentary canal become modified according to its feeding nature. Buccopharynx shows mucous cells and taste buds, Intestinal bulb and intestine consists columner epithelial cells, mucous cells and rectum shows thick musculature.
The importance of periphyton in aquatic productivity is well accepted by the limnologists all over the world as it provides community structure and primary productivity that support a wide range of aquatic organism. River ecosystem is... more
The importance of periphyton in aquatic productivity is well accepted by the limnologists all over the world as it provides community structure and primary productivity that support a wide range of aquatic organism. River ecosystem is essential for sustenance of living organisms. Western Nayar River is one of the important sources of drinking water for the rural and urban population of Pauri district (Uttarakhand) as well as it harbors a good spectrum of biodiversity. In view of lacuna in literature, attempt has been taken to study the structural and functional community structure of Periphyton along with the important physio-chemical parameters. Monthly samples were collected from each site on the Western Nayar River for a period of two years (January 2015 to December 2016) for the analysis of various physico-chemical (water temperature, current velocity, conductance, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate and phosphate) and biological parameters...
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The present study was carried out to investigate the dynamics and diversity of macrozoobenthos at Siron during November, 2018 to October, 2019. The various physico-chemical parameters were analysed on monthly basis throughout the year.... more
The present study was carried out to investigate the dynamics and diversity of macrozoobenthos at Siron during November, 2018 to October, 2019. The various physico-chemical parameters were analysed on monthly basis throughout the year. The river is represented by seven major benthic orders namely Ephemeroptera (Baetis, Cinygmula, Caenis and Heptagenia), Trichoptera (Glossosoma, Rhyachophila, Agapetus, Hydropsyche, Chimarra and Stenopsyche), Diptera (Tabanus, Atherix, Chironomus), Coleoptera (Psephenus), Neuroptera (Corydalus), Odonata (Euphaea) and Plecoptera (Perla). The maximum density was 355 units. m-2 in the month of March, which was dominated by Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera followed in decreasing order by Coleoptera, Diptera, Plecoptera, Odonata and Neuroptera. This trend of dominance was supported by cluster analysis dendrograms. Benthic population showed negative correlations with current velocity, turbidity and water temperature and positive with pH, DO, Alkalinity and Tot...
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The ability to age fish accurately is essential in understanding the dynamics of fish population. Age and growth determination in Mastacembelus armatus was assessed by the scale method which was verified by the length-frequency... more
The ability to age fish accurately is essential in understanding the dynamics of fish population. Age and growth determination in Mastacembelus armatus was assessed by the scale method which was verified by the length-frequency distribution method. The scales were small, elongated and the focus was shifted slightly uppish from the centre. The fish length and scale radius relationship was found linear (Scale radius = 6.974 + 0.452 Fish length; r = 0.9746) and authenticated the age analysis. Back calculation method was used to find out the size of fish at annulus formation, which confirmed four age rings in M. armatus at the size of 14.07±0.92, 26.05±4.99, 37.96± 2.59 and 48.48±6.06 cm respectively. First two age rings were observed in the fish length group 30-40 cm, the third ring was observed in 40-50 cm and the fourth ring in 50-60 cm length group. The finding was dully validated by length-frequency distribution method. The growth annual increment (h) of M. armatus shows that ...
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Hydrachnidia is an important group of aquatic invertebrates. They play an important role in regulating other invertebrate populations, thus influencing the composition and functionality of river ecosystems. The present study aims to... more
Hydrachnidia is an important group of aquatic invertebrates. They play an important role in regulating other invertebrate populations, thus influencing the composition and functionality of river ecosystems. The present study aims to assess the habitat ecology, density and diversity of aquatic mites in the Khankra gad, Rudraprayag district for a period of two year on a monthly basis, from July 2018 to June 2020. The Khankra gad is a perennial spring-fed stream originating from the Bansoun peak in district-Rudraprayag of Garhwal Himalaya (800 m asl). A total of 2537 Hydrachnidia samples were collected, belonging to 6 families viz, Torrenticolidae, Sperchontidae, Feltriidae, Hygrobatidae, Lebertiidae and Aturidae. Sperchontidae, Torrenticolidae and Hygrobatidae were the common families recorded in both spots, whereas Feltriidae was recorded in Spot-1, Lebertiidae and Aturidae were recorded in Spot-2. The highest numbers (1842) of Hydrachnidia were collected from Spot-2. A total of 19 ...
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Basti Damar gad is a spring fed tributary of river Mandakini which is quite conducive for biodiversity. As the stream was unexplored, it was taken as an opportunity to investigate the stream for its habitat quality and diversity of... more
Basti Damar gad is a spring fed tributary of river Mandakini which is quite conducive for biodiversity. As the stream was unexplored, it was taken as an opportunity to investigate the stream for its habitat quality and diversity of benthic organisms. Stream was studied at two different spots one in more or less rhithron zone and the other one in near potamon zone during the year 2019-20. Comparatively, the Spot No 2 had more density (836 individules.m-2 ) and diversity (28genus) of macrozoobenthos than spot No 1 (127 individules. m-2 and 28 genus) which may be due to better substratum heterogeneity dominated by mixed forest, small gravels, small bolder, low water velocity, high water temperature, low canopy of stream area and good survival rate of periphyton on bottom in the stream. Also the water quality at this spot (comparatively low current velocity, moderate temperature, good amount of DO and high alkalinity and pH) was supportive for flourishing biota. The observations were st...
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The paper deals with studies on maturation biology and spawning behaviour of an important hill stream loach Lepidocephalus guntea (Ham-Buch) from river Mandal in District Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand. It was observed that there was a... more
The paper deals with studies on maturation biology and spawning behaviour of an important hill stream loach Lepidocephalus guntea (Ham-Buch) from river Mandal in District Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand. It was observed that there was a continuous growth of ova throughout the year. Seven maturity stages in the fish were observed with single mode each month. Gonado-somatic index (GSI) and Dobriyal Index (DI) were calculated to find out the month of peak maturity, spawning frequency and spawning season. It was confirmed by tabulation of fishes in different maturity stages each month and also by physical observations in the field. It was concluded that June was the month of peak maturity and spawning takes place during July- August. Rare spawning was seen even in First week of September. Size at first maturity was 60-61 mm.
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Water mites are a large group of macroinvertebrates that are very vulnerable to contamination and environmental changes. As a result, they are often used to monitor water quality. Khankra gad stream, a third-order perennial spring-fed... more
Water mites are a large group of macroinvertebrates that are very vulnerable to contamination and environmental changes. As a result, they are often used to monitor water quality. Khankra gad stream, a third-order perennial spring-fed stream of the Alaknanda River in Uttarakhand, India, was studied to determine the drift behavior of water mites and water quality. Drift nets were set up for 24 hours in both spots of the Khankra stream where there was little or no human influence over a two-year sampling period (June 2018-20). Every four hours, the nets were changed out with new ones. Water mites signify a particular drift month and diel drift pattern. The majority of the drift mite species were present in considerably higher numbers in the daytime. During the two-year study period, a total of 2503 mite samples were collected from the Khankra stream, from which 204 water mite species drifted. The least number of Hydrachnidia (694) were collected from Spot-1, and the highest (1809) wer...
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The present paper deals with the population structure and temporal drift pattern study of aquatic mites in Randi gad, which is a third order spring fed tributary of river Alaknanda in Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The mites contribute... more
The present paper deals with the population structure and temporal drift pattern study of aquatic mites in Randi gad, which is a third order spring fed tributary of river Alaknanda in Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The mites contribute significantly to the structure and function of a stream ecosystem as it is a preferred food of fish and insects. To significantly analyze the drift strength of mites in a stream, a new index, Dobriyal Bahuguna Drifting Index (DBDI) has been developed which is based on the density of mite population in nature and number of drifting individuals in unit time. The maximum mite population in the stream was observed in January (51 units.m-2 ) and minimum in October (35 units.m-2 ) with 7 species. It was found that the mites perform specific monthly and diel drift pattern. Various factors like current velocity, breeding, colonization, habitat disturbance and protection from predators are responsible for it. The DBDI value for different mite species was observe...
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This paper deals with the study of macrozoobenthic community in the glacier fed stream Balkhila which is an important tributary of Alaknanda River. In this study it was found that the maximum macrozoobenthos were recorded in the month of... more
This paper deals with the study of macrozoobenthic community in the glacier fed stream Balkhila which is an important tributary of Alaknanda River. In this study it was found that the maximum macrozoobenthos were recorded in the month of February (387.5±106.5 units/m2 ) followed by January (382.2±144.7 units/m2 ) whereas, minimum in July (21.6±15.3 units/m2 ) and August (21.6±0.0 units/m2 ). The stream is represented by 15 genera belonging to 6 orders viz. Ephemeroptera (Baetis, Cinygmula, Caenis, and Heptagenia), Trichoptera (Glossosoma, Rhyachophila, Agapetus, Hydropsyche, Chimarra and Stenopsyche), Diptera (Antocha and Chironomus), Coleoptera (Psephenus), Odonata (Euphaea) and Plecoptera (Perla). The regression analysis and the correlation coefficient were used to show the relationship between macrozoobenthos and various physico-chemical parameters. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated to study the benthic diversity of the stream. In order to depict the homogeneity a...
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Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede) is one of the most important eel like hillstream fish belonging to order Mastacembeliformes and family Mastacembelidae. During last few decades, the population of this species is considerably declining due... more
Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede) is one of the most important eel like hillstream fish belonging to order Mastacembeliformes and family Mastacembelidae. During last few decades, the population of this species is considerably declining due to overfishing and other anthropogenic activities. Present investigation is an attempt towards conservation of this species in which reproductive power of the fish is estimated and preferred habitat and breeding grounds of fish were studied. The fish is monsoon breeder with maximum fecundity 11810.667±1716.994, observed in a fish size of 42.233±1.365 cm and body weight 153.333±7.638 g. The size of mature egg ranges from 1.2-1.6 mm. With the help of regression analysis, the relationship of fecundity with different body parameters was also traced out. It is suggested that avoiding fish catch during breeding season will be very helpful in conservation of species.
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The paper deals with a summarized account of ecological characteristics and biological productivity of river Pinder which is well known for its water quality conducive for the most important schizothoracine fishery of Uttarakhand. It was... more
The paper deals with a summarized account of ecological characteristics and biological productivity of river Pinder which is well known for its water quality conducive for the most important schizothoracine fishery of Uttarakhand. It was observed that the low water temperature and clarity of water favours good populations of phytobenthos and macrozoobenthos which in their turn supports the population quality of fishes. Overall 32 plankton species, 23 macrozoobenthic and 24 fish species were recorded.
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Hydrachnidia, commonly called water mites are an important and diverse group of benthic insects which is usually neglected by the aquatic biologists in their routine biodiversity duties. Present study is an attempt to investigate the... more
Hydrachnidia, commonly called water mites are an important and diverse group of benthic insects which is usually neglected by the aquatic biologists in their routine biodiversity duties. Present study is an attempt to investigate the dynamics and diversity of water mites from a freshwater stream Randi Gad from Pauri Garhwal which is a lower order stream of river Alaknanda. Mites were collected using a square framed Surber Sampler of 1m2 of the stream bed. Samples were preserved and brought to laboratory for further study. A total of fourteen species from five families were observed with a maximum density of 138 mites.m-2 in the month of January. Coefficient of similarity and Shannon wiener diversity index was calculated for diversity and cluster analytical study.
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Advancement in nanotechnology has improved ways for large-scale production and characterization of nanoparticles of physiologically important metals. The current study explores the impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) and... more
Advancement in nanotechnology has improved ways for large-scale production and characterization of nanoparticles of physiologically important metals. The current study explores the impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) and Chitosan-Zinc oxide nano-bioformulation (CH-ZnO) in tissue culture raised callus of Nicotiana benthamiana. Results indicated augmented biomass in CH-ZnO treated callus, while a reduced biomass was observed in ZnO-NP treated callus, at all the concentrations tested. Higher chlorophyll and carotenoid content were recorded in callus treated with 800 ppm CH-ZnO as compared to ZnO-NP treated callus. A higher accumulation of proline was observed in CH-ZnO treated callus when compared to ZnO-NP treatment, which was significantly higher at 50, 200 and 400 ppm CH-ZnO treatment. A maximum reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content was recorded at 800 ppm, for both the nano-formulations tested. Likewise, a significant reduction in the H2O2 levels was observed in all the treatments, while the callus treated with 400 ppm ZnO-NP and 800 ppm CH-ZnO recorded the highest reduction. Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL), activity increased significantly in callus treated with 400 ppm concentration for both ZnO-NP and CH-ZnO with respect to control. An increased level of tannin and nicotine were recorded in callus supplemented with 50, 200 and 400 ppm CH-ZnO. Notably, a significant decline of 94 and 52% in tannin content and 25 and 50% in nicotine content was recorded in the callus treated with 800 ppm CH-ZnO and ZnO-NP, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that an optimized dosage of these nano-bioformulations could be utilized to regulate the nicotine content and stress tolerance level.
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Dolichos biflorus, a commonly used legume in Uttarakhand, produces alpha amylase enzyme for conversion of starch present in its cotyledons to glucose, so that this glucose can be further utilized for the life controlling processes,... more
Dolichos biflorus, a commonly used legume in Uttarakhand, produces alpha amylase enzyme for conversion of starch present in its cotyledons to glucose, so that this glucose can be further utilized for the life controlling processes, glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle. Yield of this á - amylase isolated from the germinating legume comes out to be 27.7 IUml-1. Maximal amylase production occurs at pH 6.1 at 45O C. The enzyme was purified two fold, first with ultra-filtration and then with Ion-exchange chromatography. Ultra-filtration revealed size of amylase to be between 10 kDa and 30 kDa, against larger sizes of other bacterial amylases. The pH and temperature optima for purified enzyme were 6.1 and 45OC respectively. The Km for starch came out to be 1.95 mgml-1. This finding of generating one more new and low-price source of á - amylase is a great advancement in biotechnology.
Study of morphometric characters is generally carried out for species identification in fish biology. It includes the measurements of all body lengths and their inter relationships in terms of ratios and percentages to the independent... more
Study of morphometric characters is generally carried out for species identification in fish biology. It includes the measurements of all body lengths and their inter relationships in terms of ratios and percentages to the independent lengths (Total length, standard length and head length). Present paper deals with the analysis of various morphometric characters with species characteristics in Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede), which is one of the most important eel like hillstream fish belonging to order Mastacembeliformes and family Mastacembelidae from river Western Nayar (290 45’ to 300 15’ latitude and 780 34’ to 790 12’ longitude ). Total length, standard length and head lengths were considered as an independent variables in ratio of which other lengths (caudal length, pre orbital length, post orbital length, maximum body depth, snout length and eye diameter) were analysed. The maximum size of fish was observed as 60 cm and the minimum being 10 cm. By using regression and corr...
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ABSTRACT We report the successful micropropagation of a critically endangered medicinal plant Aconitum heterophyllum Wall., using low concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and molecular validation of the clonal stocks. The... more
ABSTRACT We report the successful micropropagation of a critically endangered medicinal plant Aconitum heterophyllum Wall., using low concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and molecular validation of the clonal stocks. The maximum rate of in vitro shoot multiplication was obtained on 1.0 × Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.25 mg L−1 Kinetin (Kn) plus 0.25 mg L−1 Indole acetic acid (IAA). Up to 100% rooting was obtained 15 for shoots cultured on 1.0 × MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L−1 IAA. Adding 0.25 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) to 1.0 × MS medium resulted in 100% callus formation, while adding 0.25 mg L−1 IAA plus 0.25 mg L−1 Kn to 1.0 × MS medium containing 0.25 mg L−1 2,4-D resulted in 100% generation of embryogenic callus. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker analysis was carried out to check for possible somaclonal variation in the plantlets obtained after three consecutive sub-cultures. Of the 15 ISSR primers used, 10 were found to be monomorphic, with 95–98% similarity, and were used for cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method. The results revealed that in vitro-regenerated plantlets did not exhibit any genetic polymorphism.
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Summary This study provides length–weight relationship (LWR) information for two fish species (family Cyprinidae), Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton, 1822) and Garra gotyla gotyla (Gray, 1830), from a tributary of the Ganga River Basin,... more
Summary This study provides length–weight relationship (LWR) information for two fish species (family Cyprinidae), Crossocheilus latius (Hamilton, 1822) and Garra gotyla gotyla (Gray, 1830), from a tributary of the Ganga River Basin, India. Both species had no previous LWR estimates as per Fishbase 2014.
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In vitroflowering and effective micropropagation protocol were studied inSwertia chirayita, an important medicinal plant using axillary bud explants. The Murashige and Skoog's medium (MS) supplemented with benzyl amino purine (BAP)... more
In vitroflowering and effective micropropagation protocol were studied inSwertia chirayita, an important medicinal plant using axillary bud explants. The Murashige and Skoog's medium (MS) supplemented with benzyl amino purine (BAP) 1.0 mg L-1and adenine sulfate 70.0 mg L-1was found optimum for production of multiple shoots. In the present study, incubation of flowering cultures on BAP supplemented medium (during shoot multiplication) was found necessary for flowering (6 weeks). However, concentrations of auxins-like IBA (0–2.0 mg/L) were ineffective to form reproductive buds. Subculture duration, photoperiod, and carbon source type do have influence on thein vitroflowering. The mature purple flowers were observed when the cultures were maintained in the same medium. This is the very first report that describesin vitroflowering system to overcome problems associated with flower growth and development as well as lay foundation for fruit and seed productionin vitroinSwertia chirayita.
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Abstract: The present study is aimed to isolate DNA from three types of tissues of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall using previously reported methods after modifications. Aconitum heterophyllum Wall is a vital and critically endangered herb,... more
Abstract: The present study is aimed to isolate DNA from three types of tissues of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall using previously reported methods after modifications. Aconitum heterophyllum Wall is a vital and critically endangered herb, which needs to have its ...
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Enhanced in vitro caulogenesis has been tested in Swertia chirayita on MS supplemented with BAP, IAA, IBA, NAA and additives like adenine sulfate and d?glutamine with 2.5% sucrose. The best in vitro caulogenesis was observed in MS... more
Enhanced in vitro caulogenesis has been tested in Swertia chirayita on MS supplemented with BAP, IAA, IBA, NAA and additives like adenine sulfate and d?glutamine with 2.5% sucrose. The best in vitro caulogenesis was observed in MS fortified with 4.43 ?M BAP in combination with IAA (0.8 ?M) that resulted increase in shoot multiplication rate. The multiplication and elongation of shoots were further enhanced by the addition of adenine sulfate (0.007%) that resulted in the further increase in multiplication fold. The addition of adenine sulfate reduced the use of other cytokinins with different auxins reported in the previous studies on Swertia chirayita. The study suggests adenine sulfate as a primary assimilable reduced nitrogen source for enhancing the shoot multiplication and elongation in Swertia chirayita. RAPD markers were employed to check the genetic variation among the clonal stock that resulted in 97% similarity.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 23(1): 11?19, 2013 (June) DOI: ht...
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Abstract: The present study is aimed to isolate DNA from three types of tissues of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall using previously reported methods after modifications. Aconitum heterophyllum Wall is a vital and critically endangered herb,... more
Abstract: The present study is aimed to isolate DNA from three types of tissues of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall using previously reported methods after modifications. Aconitum heterophyllum Wall is a vital and critically endangered herb, which needs to have its ...