Resumen: El trabajo infantil es toda actividad que priva a los niños, niñas y adolescentes de su ... more Resumen: El trabajo infantil es toda actividad que priva a los niños, niñas y adolescentes de su proceso de crecimiento e impide el despliegue de su intelecto, capacidades, potencialidades y aspiraciones, afectándose así aspectos fundamentales para su desarrollo integral. No obstante haber sido el Ecuador el primer país en ratificar la Convención Internacional para los Derechos del Niño 1989, el trabajo infantil continúa siendo una asignatura pendiente. A pesar de haber logrado disminuir la tasa de trabajo infantil a un 6,27% hacia el año 2012, recientemente se ha venido registrando un retroceso significativo dado que para el año 2017, el cálculo oficial arrojaba un 8,41%. A este aumento comparativo de 2,14 puntos, se le suma que un 56% de los trabajos son considerados como peligrosos para el desarrollo efectivo de su salud, tanto física como mental. En el plano nacional, las provincias de Chimborazo y de Cotopaxi son dos de las más afectadas por el trabajo infantil, con un 31% y un 10% del total de casos a nivel nacional respectivamente. Debido a ello es que el presente trabajo se cuestiona la eficacia de las políticas públicas implementadas para la erradicación del Trabajo Infantil en el Ecuador, y en particular en las provincias de Cotopaxi y Chimborazo. A partir de una labor metodológica mixta se analizan datos tanto a nivel nacional como local a la vez de haberse efectuado entrevistas con los principales actores locales en la materia. De esta forma, el trabajo evidencia, por un lado, una tendencia al aumento del trabajo infantil en términos generales a nivel nacional y de las dos provincias estudiadas, registrándose por otro lado, una reducción considerable de la mendicidad como una tipología de trabajo infantil en particular.
Palabras Claves: Trabajo Infantil, Políticas Públicas, Niñez y Adolescencia, Ecuador
Abstract: Child labor is any activity that deprives children and adolescents of their growth process and prevents the deployment of their intellect, capabilities, potential and aspirations, thus affecting fundamental aspects for their integral development. Even though Ecuador was the first country to ratify the 1989 International Convention on the Rights of the Child, child labor continues to be a pending issue. Despite having managed to reduce the rate of child labor to 6.27% by 2012, recently there has been a significant decline since for the year 2017, the official estimate was 8.41%. To this comparative increase of 2.14 points, it is added that 56% of the jobs are considered as dangerous for the effective development of their health, both physical and mental. At the national level, the provinces of Chimborazo and Cotopaxi are two of the most affected by child labor, with 31% and 10% of the total cases nationwide respectively. Due to this, the present work questions the effectiveness of the public policies implemented for the eradication of Child Labor in Ecuador, and in the provinces of Cotopaxi and Chimborazo. Based on mixed methodological work, data are analyzed both at the national and local levels, as well as interviews with the main local actors in the field. In this way, the work shows, on the one hand, a tendency to increase child labor in general terms at the national level and in the two provinces studied, but on the other hand, a considerable reduction of begging.
Keywords: Child Labor, Public Policies, Childhood and Youth, Ecuador
Resumen: El trabajo infantil es toda actividad que priva a los niños, niñas y adolescentes de su ... more Resumen: El trabajo infantil es toda actividad que priva a los niños, niñas y adolescentes de su proceso de crecimiento e impide el despliegue de su intelecto, capacidades, potencialidades y aspiraciones, afectándose así aspectos fundamentales para su desarrollo integral. No obstante haber sido el Ecuador el primer país en ratificar la Convención Internacional para los Derechos del Niño 1989, el trabajo infantil continúa siendo una asignatura pendiente. A pesar de haber logrado disminuir la tasa de trabajo infantil a un 6,27% hacia el año 2012, recientemente se ha venido registrando un retroceso significativo dado que para el año 2017, el cálculo oficial arrojaba un 8,41%. A este aumento comparativo de 2,14 puntos, se le suma que un 56% de los trabajos son considerados como peligrosos para el desarrollo efectivo de su salud, tanto física como mental. En el plano nacional, las provincias de Chimborazo y de Cotopaxi son dos de las más afectadas por el trabajo infantil, con un 31% y un 10% del total de casos a nivel nacional respectivamente. Debido a ello es que el presente trabajo se cuestiona la eficacia de las políticas públicas implementadas para la erradicación del Trabajo Infantil en el Ecuador, y en particular en las provincias de Cotopaxi y Chimborazo. A partir de una labor metodológica mixta se analizan datos tanto a nivel nacional como local a la vez de haberse efectuado entrevistas con los principales actores locales en la materia. De esta forma, el trabajo evidencia, por un lado, una tendencia al aumento del trabajo infantil en términos generales a nivel nacional y de las dos provincias estudiadas, registrándose por otro lado, una reducción considerable de la mendicidad como una tipología de trabajo infantil en particular.
Palabras Claves: Trabajo Infantil, Políticas Públicas, Niñez y Adolescencia, Ecuador
Abstract: Child labor is any activity that deprives children and adolescents of their growth process and prevents the deployment of their intellect, capabilities, potential and aspirations, thus affecting fundamental aspects for their integral development. Even though Ecuador was the first country to ratify the 1989 International Convention on the Rights of the Child, child labor continues to be a pending issue. Despite having managed to reduce the rate of child labor to 6.27% by 2012, recently there has been a significant decline since for the year 2017, the official estimate was 8.41%. To this comparative increase of 2.14 points, it is added that 56% of the jobs are considered as dangerous for the effective development of their health, both physical and mental. At the national level, the provinces of Chimborazo and Cotopaxi are two of the most affected by child labor, with 31% and 10% of the total cases nationwide respectively. Due to this, the present work questions the effectiveness of the public policies implemented for the eradication of Child Labor in Ecuador, and in the provinces of Cotopaxi and Chimborazo. Based on mixed methodological work, data are analyzed both at the national and local levels, as well as interviews with the main local actors in the field. In this way, the work shows, on the one hand, a tendency to increase child labor in general terms at the national level and in the two provinces studied, but on the other hand, a considerable reduction of begging.
Keywords: Child Labor, Public Policies, Childhood and Youth, Ecuador
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Palabras Claves: Trabajo Infantil, Políticas Públicas, Niñez y Adolescencia, Ecuador
Abstract: Child labor is any activity that deprives children and adolescents of their growth process and prevents the deployment of their intellect, capabilities,
potential and aspirations, thus affecting fundamental aspects for their integral development. Even though Ecuador was the first country to ratify the 1989 International Convention on the Rights of the Child, child labor continues to be a pending issue. Despite having managed to reduce the rate of child labor to 6.27% by 2012, recently there has been a significant decline since for the year 2017, the official estimate was 8.41%. To this comparative increase of 2.14 points, it is added that 56% of the jobs are considered as dangerous for the effective development of their health, both physical and mental. At the national level, the provinces of Chimborazo and Cotopaxi are two of the most affected by child labor, with 31% and 10% of the total cases nationwide respectively. Due to this, the present work questions the effectiveness of the public policies implemented for the eradication of Child Labor in Ecuador, and in the provinces of Cotopaxi and Chimborazo. Based on mixed methodological work, data are analyzed both at the national and local levels, as well as interviews with the main local actors in the field. In this way, the work shows, on the one hand, a tendency to increase child labor in general terms at the national level and in the two provinces studied, but on the other hand, a considerable reduction of begging.
Keywords: Child Labor, Public Policies, Childhood and Youth, Ecuador
Palabras Claves: Trabajo Infantil, Políticas Públicas, Niñez y Adolescencia, Ecuador
Abstract: Child labor is any activity that deprives children and adolescents of their growth process and prevents the deployment of their intellect, capabilities,
potential and aspirations, thus affecting fundamental aspects for their integral development. Even though Ecuador was the first country to ratify the 1989 International Convention on the Rights of the Child, child labor continues to be a pending issue. Despite having managed to reduce the rate of child labor to 6.27% by 2012, recently there has been a significant decline since for the year 2017, the official estimate was 8.41%. To this comparative increase of 2.14 points, it is added that 56% of the jobs are considered as dangerous for the effective development of their health, both physical and mental. At the national level, the provinces of Chimborazo and Cotopaxi are two of the most affected by child labor, with 31% and 10% of the total cases nationwide respectively. Due to this, the present work questions the effectiveness of the public policies implemented for the eradication of Child Labor in Ecuador, and in the provinces of Cotopaxi and Chimborazo. Based on mixed methodological work, data are analyzed both at the national and local levels, as well as interviews with the main local actors in the field. In this way, the work shows, on the one hand, a tendency to increase child labor in general terms at the national level and in the two provinces studied, but on the other hand, a considerable reduction of begging.
Keywords: Child Labor, Public Policies, Childhood and Youth, Ecuador