Gadisa Natea

Background Anopheles arabiensis, member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex, is the primary vector of malaria and is widely distributed in Ethiopia. Anopheles funestus, Anopheles pharoensis and Anopheles nili are secondary vectors occurring with limited distribution in the country. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are pillars for the interventions against malaria control and elimination efforts in Ethiopia. However, the emergence and widespread of insecticide resistance in An. gambiae sensu lato (s.l.), might compromise the control efforts of the country. The aim of this study was to investigate composition of mosquito fauna and insecticide resistance status of An. gambiae s.l. in Itang special district ( woreda), Gambella, southwestern Ethiopia. Methods Adult mosquitoes were sampled from September 2020 to February 2021 using the CDC light trap and pyrethrum spray catch (PSC). CDC light traps were placed in three selected houses for two ...

Introduction: Anopheles arabiensis, member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex, is the primary vector of malaria widely distributed in Ethiopia. Anopheles funestus, An. pharoensis and An. nili are secondary vectors occurring with limited distribution in the country. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are pillars for the interventions against malaria control and elimination efforts in Ethiopia. However, the emergence and widespread of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector, An. arabiensis, might compromise the efforts of the country. The aim of this study was to investigate composition of mosquito species and insecticide resistance status of An. arabiensis in Itang special woreda (district), Gambella, southwestern Ethiopia.Materials and methods: Adult mosquitoes were sampled from September 2020 to Feburary 2021 using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light trap and Pyrethrum Spray Catch (PSC). Moreover, mosquito l...

Spawning response of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to different piscine pituitary extracts and synthetic hormone was evaluated. Nine African catfish gravid females were divided in to three treatments and injected with hormones intramuscularly. Data on spawning fecundity, fertility rate, and hatchability rate and induction hours were generated. The highest mean in spawning fecundity (9731.6eggs/g) was observed in groups injected with pituitary extract of African catfish followed by the group injected with pituitary extract of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) (5,813.8eggs/g). However, the spawning fecundity/g body weight/female did not show significant difference (p = 0.073) among the groups. The mean hatchability rate was high (73.3%) in groups injected with pituitary extract of African catfish followed by the group injected with pituitary extract of Common carp (63.5%). The use of pituitary extract from African catfish is more effective for induction as co...

The study was conducted in Jimma town, Jimma zone, south west of Ethiopia with the aim to evaluate the microbiological quality and safety of bread sold in Jimma town. The study involved laboratory analysis for microbial quality and safety of bread. Standard methods were used for the enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and moulds, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.00. A total of 90 bread samples (30 from each cafeteria, tea and bread shop) were collected. Result of the study indicated, the mean microbial counts (CFUg-1) were dominated by aerobic mesophilic bacteria (5.2?0.5), aerobic bacterial spore (4.6 ?0.7), moulds (4.0?0.6), S.aureus (3.3?0.5), Yeast (3.0?0.6), lactic acid bacteria (2.5?0.4) and Enterobacteriaceae (1.1? 0.1), however, Coli form bacteria was not detected in any bread samples. Of the total of 546 isolates characterized, the most predominant were Bacillus spp. (40.7%) followed by Staphylococcus spp. (25.1%), Micrococcus spp. (10.6%), Pseudomonas spp.(9.9%), Acinetobacter spp. (7.7%) and Aeromonas spp. (6%). Totally, 68.9% of samples were positive for S. aureus but Salmonella spp. below detectable level in any bread sample of suppliers. S. aureus isolates were resistant to maximum seven antibiotics (4.8%) and highly resistant to Methicillin, Oxacillin and Penicillin G (100%). Bread contamination problems in present study could be due to poor personal hygiene, and improperly sanitized utensils. Generally, the microbial quality of bread sold in Jimma town was poor, particularly tea shop and cafeteria bread sellers needs regular inspection.