Jakob Højte

the title of this paper is taken from a book that appeared a few years ago, The Land That Never Was, about one of the most spectacular frauds in history.1 in the year 1823 a group of Scots set out to the small but supposedly well run territory of Poyais on the Mosquito coast, in what is now honduras. here they had bought or commissioned land from a certain Sir gregor Mcgregor, cazique of Poyais, who had made the venture credible by having produced a brochure and a 350-page guide to the prosperous town with its many profitable plantations and blossoming commerce.2 upon arrival after crossing the atlantic during the winter, the new settlers found nothing there – absolutely nothing, except a few huts occupied by natives. few of the unfortunate colonists survived the first year in their new home. there may have been similar attempts in antiquity at overselling the idea of going away to the Black Sea to settle. What interests me here, however, is the fact that not all attempts at foundin...

Reading a book is also kind of better solution when you have no enough money or time to get your own adventure. This is one of the reasons we show the the cauldron of ariantas studies presented to a n sceglov on the occasion of his 70th birthday as your friend in spending the time. For more representative collections, this book not only offers it's strategically book resource. It can be a good friend, really good friend with much knowledge.

In 2004 an American Research Centre was established in Sofia (ARCS), its first director being K. Clinton. The centre aims at facilitating academic research in Bulgaria for N American scholars and furthering collaboration between scholars from N America and the countries in SE Europe (http://www. einaudi. cornell. edu/arcs/index. asp).

Museums At the Kerch Museum a major renovation was initiated in 2000 with the help of the Demeter Foundation. In 2003 the A.G. Leventis Foundation completed the architectural renovation and the museological refurbishment of the Archaeological Museum of Odessa. This was preceded by the publication of a catalogue of around 200 of the collection’s finest Cypriot and other artefacts (Karageorghis and Vanchugov 2001). The Odessa Virtual Museum of Numismatics (http://www.museum. com.ua/), in Ukrainian and English, offers a useful introduction to the museum as well as to the coinage of the anc. cities of S Ukraine.

... eujorkou'nti me;n eu\ei[h, ejpiorkou'nti de;taj-nantiva. oJde;o{rko" ou|to" sunetelevsqh ejn tw'i eJbdovmwi kai;penthkostw'i kai;eJkatostw'i e[tei, mhno;" Daisivou, kaqw;" basileu;" Farnavkªh"º a[gei. Page 13. ... 16 Tracy 1992; 1990. 17 Reusser 1993, 138-158 with earlier literature. ...

In his account of the Kappadokian Kingdom in central Anatolia, Strabon (12.1) gives a detailed description of the administrative framework and its evolution from the Persian to the Roman period, but when he turns to Pontic Kappadokia, which constituted the core of the Kingdom of Mithridates VI, such a description lacks completely for the Hellenistic period. Since Strabon's patria was

The problems inherent to discussing the portraits of Mithridates VI have recently been highlighted by two novel suggestions for identifications. The first concerns the so-called "Schwarzenberg Alexander" now in the München Glyptotek (Fig. 1). Erkinger von Schwarzenberg first published the portrait belonging to his private collection as a portrait of Alexander the Great by

Page 1. 217 The Epigraphic Evidence Concerning Portrait Statues of Hadrian's Heir L. Aelius Caesar L. Aelius Caesar, Hadrian's heir and designated successor, remains one of the more elusive characters in the history of emperors and their families. ...

Alexandrovo One of the most important discoveries of Thracian tumuli was made at the village of Alexandrovo in the Chaskovo region in L1999 and it excavated between 2000 and 2003 (http://www. coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/Regional/SEE/IRPPSAAH/FS/FS _Bulgaria_ThracianTomb_Alexandrovo_APP.pdf). In the dromos a frieze with 2 similar scenes depicts a horseman fighting a warrior on foot above a panel of marble imitation. In the W lunette of the small antechamber another image of a horseman fighting a standing figure is depicted. In the central chamber, the decoration of the walls and the dome consists of several horizontal bands in red, black, white and yellow, and 2 friezes with various scenes. The lower frieze is badly damaged and only 4 human figures taking part in a funerary or heroic feast with table and utensils are still visible. The upper frieze contains 4 hunting scenes, including 4 horsemen, 4 hunters on foot attacking 2 deer and 2 boars pursued by 9 dogs. Across the entrance a 2-line graffito was incised on the wall-paintings in Gr ca. 1.7m above the floor of the chamber in the style of a Gr funerary inscription reading: Kozimases chrestos (Kitov 2004; Sharankov 2005). The tomb is comparable to the Kazanlak tomb and it provides us with a new centre of painted Thracian élite tombs. Smiadovo Very few Gr epitaphs have been found in the Thracian interior, but recently an epitaph written on an architrave of a monumental tomb in the surroundings of the village of Smiadovo, in the Šumen district, was discovered. The inscription dated to the L4−E3 Ct BC reads: ‘Gonimaseze, wife of Seuthes’ (Atanasov and Nedelcev 2002).

ularly, Pontic influence in the post-Mithridatic period. Also of note are 2 amphora-like incense burners. In the neighbouring rooms 4 and 11, 2 coin hoards were found in 1984 and 1985, and have now been published by Frolova (1998). The first consisted of 70 copper coins, mostly Bosporan but also several from Pontic cities. Coins of Asandros give a tpq for the hoard in the 3 quarter of the 1 Ct BC, which also dates the destruction of the site. The 2 hoard consisted of 1,140 copper coins predominantly from Pantikapaion. On the flat summit above General’skoe-Vostočnoe, 2 ritual complexes were excavated. The W one consisted of a small square room (2.5m by 3m) and a larger rectangular room. In the smaller room several terracottas were found together with handmade incense burners along with lamps on tall stems and a small terracotta altar. The complex is dated to the 2−E3 Ct AD, although finds of mouldmade bowls and a bronze arrowhead may indicate earlier use as well. The larger E complex consisted of a row of 5 rectangular shrines with one to 3 rooms, which all have the door opening to the E (Fig. 24). Each has a square or round altar in the centre of the largest room and what would appear to have been benches along the walls. No architectural details or roof tiles have been found. A large collection of mouldmade bowls and glass vessels was found, as well as numerous terracottas and incense burners. Most interesting is a votive relief, probably depicting deities of the Eleusinian circle. The sanctuary was constructed around the M3 Ct BC. After its destruction, possibly by the earthquake of 63 BC, it was reconstructed and continued functioning until the 3 Ct AD. Three further sanctuaries at the settlement of Sirenevaja Buchta (1−3 Ct AD), at Uščel’e Ved’m (cult debris of the 2 Ct BC−2 Ct AD) and at a cave on Mt Sjujurtaš (3−2 Ct BC) have been published (Maslennikov 2007). Furthermore, ash hills (zol’niki) in the N Kerch Peninsula and a house sanctuary at General’skoe-Zapadnoe are considered by Maslennikov (2007). A.A. Maslennikov (2003) has discussed the numerous ramparts running across the Kerch Peninsula, both the ones known for centuries and those more recently identified. Using trial trenches and C dating, he has been able to date several of the ramparts more precisely. The large wall running from Lake Uzunlar to Kazantip Bay to the N dates to the 3 Ct BC, with additions made in the 1 or 2 Ct AD. The so-called Tyritake ramparts actually consist of 3 different sets of defensive structures, only one of which is dated to the Gr period. In addition, there were smaller ramparts enclosing Ak-Burun and the territory of Nymphaion. The chora of the Bosporan Kingdom as a whole and the rural settlements have been discussed by A.A. Maslennikov (1998), S.Ju. Saprykin (2004a) and V.N. Zin’ko (2007), while T.N. Smekalova and S.L. Smekalov (2006) have used aerial photographs and old maps to identify roads and anc. land-division systems. The plots of land detectable in many parts of the Kerch Peninsula are invariably square and measure 350m x 350m.

Mzkheta In 2001, the remarkable grave of an elderly woman in her 50s was discovered under the foundations of the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral in Mzkheta, the anc. capital of E Georgia. By her signet ring bearing a portrait, title and name she has been identified as a queen. Bestowed in the grave with her were golden jewellery, cosmetic vessels made of jade and a unique, large silver-gilt pencil case. On its front it shows the 9 Muses in high relief and on its back Homer, Menander and Demosthenes decorate a balcony-like pocket in which the golden ink pot was inserted. The flat body of the case, with silver quill pens inside, can be closed by a golden lid with an inscription worked à jour. The inscription informs us that the object belonged to the kings Ustamos and Eugenios who are otherwise unattested. The burial can be dated roughly to the 3−4 Ct AD, even if some objects are certainly older. Unfortunately the grave has not entered international publication yet. Preliminary information is available at www. magticom.ge/magazine/2002-4/2002-4-7.html.

... by Tim Murphy ... He examines three authors from Bithynia – Dion of Prusa, Arrian of Nikomedeia and Cassius Dion of Nikaia – and observes, for example, that the writings of Arrian express overall satisfaction with Roman hegemony, as would be expected from someone who was ...

ANCIENT FISHING AND FISH PROCESSING IN THE BLACK SEA REGION Proceedings of an interdisciplinary workshop on marine resources and trade in fish products in the Black Sea region in antiquity, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, April 4-5, 2003.

... Over the Page 3. 17 past few years, our knowledge about settlement patterns and land-use in central northern Asia Minor has increased significantly, mainly due to two international survey projects carried out in Paphlagonia in the late 1990s. ... The Paphlagonia Survey ...