Juha Kaitera

... In addition, Blenis & Bernier (1986) found no significant differences in the inci-dence of westerngall rust on lodgepole pine in differ-ent-sized forest openings. Neither did Miller (1972) find any biologically significant effect of spacing on fusiform rust (C. fusiforme) incidence on ...

... 3. Affinity pu-rified hen antibodies were obtained by preparative western blotting with 26-29 kD antigens and they de-tected the double band in type B, but not in type ... 13 B 6 14 B 11 15 C4 16 C5 17 C 10 18 C 22 19 Frh5A 20 Frh8B 21 Klo90:3 22 KlollA 23 Ti2 24 TilA 25 Frh6B ...

... & Schw.) Wint., also causes the cronartium rust disease in Europe (Jørstad 1928; Ferdinandsen and Jørgensen 1938–39; Rennerfelt 1943; Gäumann ... 1), were planted at 50-cm intervals in three blocks (48 saplings per block) per provenance in plastic pots containing unfertilized ...

... and Paeonia anomala L. growing in plastic pots were inoculated at the end of June 1998 using 16 aeciospore sources per plant species (one plant per inoculum source) by dusting the spores on all the plant leaves at a similar rate to that for the ... and Paeonia ano-mala in vivo ...

... (P. peuce, P. contorta, P. cembra, P. mugo and P. nigra) will be inoculated by both P. pini aeciospores and C. flaccidum (and C. ribicola) basidiospores to clarify their relative susceptibility and virulence (Figure 1). The inoculum sources will also be tested. ... European Journal of ...

... View all references; Hylen et al., 20074. Hylen , G. , Krokene , P. , Larsson , JY , Solheim , H. & Timmermann , V. 2007 . ... May and late June were split longitudinally and stored together with whole cones at −20°C. The other half of the split cones were fixed in FAA (ethanol–glacial ...

... Species oc-curring in large numbers in the stands and appar-ently bearing Cronartium telia (eg, Ferdinandsen and J0rgensen, 1938-39) were closely examined. About 50 plants per stand of Melampyrum sylvaticum L. were collected and brought to the laboratory for ...

Genetic structure of the European Gremmeniella abietina var. abietina was analyzed in this study. Ninety-two Spanish isolates, six Swiss isolates of Alpine biotype, 76 Finnish isolates of biotype A and 54 Finnish and seven Russian isolates of biotype B were collected. Genetic variation of different populations was analyzed using sequence analysis of specifically amplified markers GAAA1000, GAAA800 and ACA900. Variation in the GAAA1000 marker was significant, and composed of 33 alleles divided into the following four studied populations: five alleles in the Alpine type, 12 in biotype B, 16 in biotype A and two in the Spanish population. Based on variation in GAAA1000 marker, a subset of isolates were further analyzed using GAAA800 and ACA900 sequences, which showed lower overall genetic variability, and no variation among the Spanish population. Genetic differentiation analysis revealed a high genetic differentiation among populations. Finally, clustering analysis of GAAA1000 sequences showed that the Spanish isolates clearly separated from the rest of the biotypes, whereas the Alpine type was closely related to the B type. However, one of the A-type isolates had an identical GAAA1000 allele with the prevailing allele among Spanish isolates. Altogether, our data suggest that the Spanish population is genetically highly differentiated from any other G. abietina population in Europe with a probable A-type origin.

... 1, Table 1). The inoculum was applied with a fine brush at the rate of 50–100000 spores per leaf, and these were then ... The plates were checked weekly for C. flaccidum uredinium and telium production (eg Ferdinandsen & Jørgensen, 1938–9; Ga$ umann, 1959) using a ...

ABSTRACT Twenty-one Gremmeniella abietina var. abietina type A and 12 type B samples with ripened apothecia were collected in Sweden and Finland. Morphological dimensions of the ascospores were determined with an image analyser (Leica Qwin). Measured variables included length, width, perimeter and roundness of ascospores. Variations in these variables overlapped between the two types. Type A ascospores were significantly shorter (mean length 15.8 μm) than the type B ascospores (mean length 17.1 μm). Type A ascospores were also significantly rounder than type B ascospores. Differences between these morphological characters were, however, too small to distinguish the types as separate taxonomical species. Round-pointed and acute ascospores were found in the same apothecium but in different asci. According to the hypervariable marker GAAA1000, both round-pointed and acute ascospores originated from the same two parents in normal segregation.RésuméVingt-et-un échantillons avec des apothécies matures du type A de Gremmeniella abietina var. abietina et 12 du type B ont été récoltés en Suède et Finlande. Les dimensions morphologiques des ascospores ont été déterminées avec un analyseur d'images (Leica Qwin). Les variables mesurées sont la longueur, la largeur, le périmètre et la rondeur des spores. Les gammes de variation de ces différentes variables se recouvrent entre les deux types. Les ascospores de type A sont significativement plus courtes (longueur moyenne de 15.8 μm) que les ascospores de type B (longueur moyenne de 17.1 μm). Les ascospores de type A sont aussi significativement plus rondes que celles de type B. Les différences pour ces caractères morphologiques sont toutefois trop faibles pour distinguer les types comme des espèces taxonomiques différentes. Des ascospores arrondies et pointues ont été trouvées dans la même apothécie mais dans des asques différents. En se basant sur le marqueur hypervariable GAAA1000, on peut établir que les ascospores arrondies et pointues proviennent des mêmes deux parents en ségrégation normale.ZusammenfassungIn Schweden und Finnland wurden 21 Gremmeniella abietina var. abietina Typ A- und 12 Typ B- Proben mit reifen Apothecien gesammelt. Folgende morphologische Messgrössen der Ascosporen wurden mit einem Image Analyser (Leica Quin) bestimmt: Länge, Breite, Umfang und Form. Die Variation der Variablen überlappte bei den beiden Typen. Die Typ A-Ascosporen waren signifikant kürzer (15,8 μm mittlere Länge) als die Typ B-Ascosporen (17,1 μm). Der Typ A hatte signifikant rundere Ascosporen als der Typ B. Die Unterschiede in den morphologischen Merkmalen waren jedoch zu gering, um zwei taxonomische Arten zu unterscheiden. Ascosporen mit runden und spitzen Enden wurden im gleichen Apothecium, jedoch in verschiedenen Asci gefunden. Mit dem hypervariablen Marker GAAA1000 erwiesen sich Ascosporen mit rundem und spitzem Ende als Nachkommen der gleichen Eltern mit normaler Segregation.