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Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three... more
Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and potassium silicate) at four rates (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) at tillering stage on rice growth and the accumulation of Cd under Cd stress (30 mg kg−1). The results showed that Cd stress reduced the yield-related traits and enlarged Cd contents in different rice organs. The leaf gas exchange attributes and yield traits were enhanced, and the Cd accumulation and bioaccumulation factor in rice organs were reduced, especially in grains, through silicon application. In shoots, roots, and grains, foliar spray of Si reduced Cd contents by 40.3%, 50.7%, and 47.9%, respectively. The effectiveness of silicate compounds in reducing Cd toxicity varied with the kind of chemicals and doses of f...
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Human action recognition (HAR) by skeleton data is considered a potential research aspect in computer vision. Three-dimensional HAR with skeleton data has been used commonly because of its effective and efficient results. Several models... more
Human action recognition (HAR) by skeleton data is considered a potential research aspect in computer vision. Three-dimensional HAR with skeleton data has been used commonly because of its effective and efficient results. Several models have been developed for learning spatiotemporal parameters from skeleton sequences. However, two critical problems exist: (1) previous skeleton sequences were created by connecting different joints with a static order; (2) earlier methods were not efficient enough to focus on valuable joints. Specifically, this study aimed to (1) demonstrate the ability of convolutional neural networks to learn spatiotemporal parameters of skeleton sequences from different frames of human action, and (2) to combine the process of all frames created by different human actions and fit in the spatial structure information necessary for action recognition, using multi-task learning networks (MTLNs). The results were significantly improved compared with existing models by...
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The generalization of binary operation in the classical algebra to fuzzy binary operation is an important development in the field of fuzzy algebra. The paper proposes a new generalization of vector spaces over field, which is called... more
The generalization of binary operation in the classical algebra to fuzzy binary operation is an important development in the field of fuzzy algebra. The paper proposes a new generalization of vector spaces over field, which is called M-hazy vector spaces over M-hazy field. Some fundamental properties of M-hazy field, M-hazy vector spaces, and M-hazy subspaces are studied, and some important results are also proved. Furthermore, the linear transformation of M-hazy vector spaces is studied and their important results are also proved. Finally, it is shown that M-fuzzifying convex spaces are induced by an M-hazy subspace of M-hazy vector space.
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ABSTRACT The equilibrium structures and bonding features of [NeHHe]+, [ArHHe]+, and [ArHNe]+ are investigated using correlated ab initio methods and a large number of basis sets. For all the three systems, linear structures with the... more
ABSTRACT The equilibrium structures and bonding features of [NeHHe]+, [ArHHe]+, and [ArHNe]+ are investigated using correlated ab initio methods and a large number of basis sets. For all the three systems, linear structures with the hydrogen atom in the middle have been found to be the most stable. The bond lengths of argon atoms with hydrogen are shorter than the HeH and NeH bond lengths in [ArHHe]+ and [ArHNe]+, respectively. This leads to the dissociation energies being very large for breaking the heavier rare gas-hydrogen atom bond. In [NeHHe]+, the NeH bond length is larger than HeH length. In addition to the global minima, two other local minima are also located for each of the systems with either of the rare gases in the middle. All the stable geometries are characterized by frequency calculations.
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Self-consistent periodic DFT-GGA calculations are used to investigate the NO reduction reaction in presence of atomic H on seven close-packed transition metal surfaces namely, Cu(111), Ag(111), Pd(111), Pt(111), Rh(111), Ir(111), and... more
Self-consistent periodic DFT-GGA calculations are used to investigate the NO reduction reaction in presence of atomic H on seven close-packed transition metal surfaces namely, Cu(111), Ag(111), Pd(111), Pt(111), Rh(111), Ir(111), and Ru(0001). The chemisorption of atomic ...
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The mechanistic studies of Pd-based catalysts and its interaction with methanol have attracted huge attention because of the possibility of using methanol as an on-board source of hydrogen for fuel cells. Stabilizing subnanometer metal... more
The mechanistic studies of Pd-based catalysts and its interaction with methanol have attracted huge attention because of the possibility of using methanol as an on-board source of hydrogen for fuel cells. Stabilizing subnanometer metal clusters is a challenging process that has ...
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Recent theoretical works suggest that the reactivity of catalysts may be controlled by the characteristics of the electronic structure such as the local (surface) densities of electronic states (LDOS) around the Fermi-level (E_F), and... more
Recent theoretical works suggest that the reactivity of catalysts may be controlled by the characteristics of the electronic structure such as the local (surface) densities of electronic states (LDOS) around the Fermi-level (E_F), and isoelectronic reactivity index w^N(r). Based on the results of ...
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Regularly stepped and kinked surfaces offer a working ground for examining the effect of undercoordination on chemical and structural properties of nanostructures. To understand the trends in the behavior, we have carried out first... more
Regularly stepped and kinked surfaces offer a working ground for examining the effect of undercoordination on chemical and structural properties of nanostructures. To understand the trends in the behavior, we have carried out first principles electronic structure calculations based on ...
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Due to the increasing demand and importance of natural gas in the global energy mix, its expeditious recovery is crucial, especially from large-scale unconventional geo-resources. Hydraulic stimulation is an established means of... more
Due to the increasing demand and importance of natural gas in the global energy mix, its expeditious recovery is crucial, especially from large-scale unconventional geo-resources. Hydraulic stimulation is an established means of productivity increase especially from tight gas reservoirs. The fracture conductivity generally depends on proppant properties, particularly the shape. Therefore, in this research, the effect of using rod-shaped proppants was investigated. Using rod-shaped proppants instead of conventional spherically shaped proppants, can make a significant difference. Due to the cylindrical shape, higher porosity and permeability are generated, resulting in better conductivity fractures. Thus, to analyze the effect of different proppant shapes on post-fracture performance, a production model was implemented in the FLAC3Dplus-TMVOC framework. Later, an in-depth sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the effects of the proppant shape, size, strength, and effective...
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Conventionally, high-pressure water-based fluids have been injected for hydraulic stimulation of unconventional petroleum resources such as tight gas reservoirs. Apart from improving productivity, water-based frac-fluids have caused... more
Conventionally, high-pressure water-based fluids have been injected for hydraulic stimulation of unconventional petroleum resources such as tight gas reservoirs. Apart from improving productivity, water-based frac-fluids have caused environmental and technical issues. As a result, much of the interest has shifted towards alternative frac-fluids. In this regard, n-heptane, as an alternative frac-fluid, is proposed. It necessitates the development of a multi-phase and multi-component (MM) numerical simulator for hydraulic fracturing. Therefore fracture, MM fluid flow, and proppant transport models are implemented in a thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled FLAC3D-TMVOCMP framework. After verification, the model is applied to a real field case study for optimization of wellbore x in a tight gas reservoir using n-heptane as the frac-fluid. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the effect of important parameters, such as fluid viscosity, injection rate, reservoir permeability...
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In traditional ring theory, homomorphisms play a vital role in studying the relation between two algebraic structures. Homomorphism is essential for group theory and ring theory, just as continuous functions are important for topology and... more
In traditional ring theory, homomorphisms play a vital role in studying the relation between two algebraic structures. Homomorphism is essential for group theory and ring theory, just as continuous functions are important for topology and rigid movements in geometry. In this article, we propose fundamental theorems of homomorphisms of M-hazy rings. We also discuss the relation between M-hazy rings and M-hazy ideals. Some important results of M-hazy ring homomorphisms are studied. In recent years, convexity theory has become a helpful mathematical tool for studying extremum problems. Finally, M-fuzzifying convex spaces are induced by M-hazy rings.
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Underground gas storage reservoirs (UGSRs) are used to keep the natural gas supply smooth. Native natural gas is commonly used as cushion gas to maintain the reservoir pressure and cannot be extracted in the depleted gas reservoir... more
Underground gas storage reservoirs (UGSRs) are used to keep the natural gas supply smooth. Native natural gas is commonly used as cushion gas to maintain the reservoir pressure and cannot be extracted in the depleted gas reservoir transformed UGSR, which leads to wasting huge amounts of this natural energy resource. CO2 is an alternative gas to avoid this particular issue. However, the mixing of CO2 and CH4 in the UGSR challenges the application of CO2 as cushion gas. In this work, the Donghae gas reservoir is used to investigate the suitability of using CO2 as cushion gas in depleted gas reservoir transformed UGSR. The impact of the geological and engineering parameters, including the CO2 fraction for cushion gas, reservoir temperature, reservoir permeability, residual water and production rate, on the reservoir pressure, gas mixing behavior, and CO2 production are analyzed detailly based on the 15 years cyclic gas injection and production. The results showed that the maximum accep...
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The emissions of greenhouse gases, especially CO2, have been identified as the main contributor for global warming and climate change. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be the most promising strategy to mitigate the... more
The emissions of greenhouse gases, especially CO2, have been identified as the main contributor for global warming and climate change. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be the most promising strategy to mitigate the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This review aims to provide the latest developments of CO2 storage from the perspective of improving safety and economics. The mechanisms and strategies of CO2 storage, focusing on their characteristics and current status, are discussed firstly. In the second section, the strategies for assessing and ensuring the security of CO2 storage operations, including the risks assessment approach and monitoring technology associated with CO2 storage, are outlined. In addition, the engineering methods to accelerate CO2 dissolution and mineral carbonation for fixing the mobile CO2 are also compared within the second section. The third part focuses on the strategies for improving economics of CO2 storage operations, namely enhanced indust...
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In this paper we introduced cubic hesitant fuzzy set and defined internal (external) cubic hesitant fuzzy set, P(R)-union and P(R)-intersection of cubic hesitant fuzzy sets. Furthermore we defined P(R)-addition and P(R)-multiplication of... more
In this paper we introduced cubic hesitant fuzzy set and defined internal (external) cubic hesitant fuzzy set, P(R)-union and P(R)-intersection of cubic hesitant fuzzy sets. Furthermore we defined P(R)-addition and P(R)-multiplication of cubic hesitant fuzzy sets. By using the defined operations of cubic hesitant fuzzy sets we proved their different results. We also defined R-weighted averaging and R-weighted geometric operators for cubic hesitant fuzzy sets and practiced it in multi-criteria decision making problem.
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Extensive experimental and theoretical work has been done to understand the decomposition of methanol on various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for hydrogen production. The activity of sub-nanometer sized particles < 1nm however... more
Extensive experimental and theoretical work has been done to understand the decomposition of methanol on various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for hydrogen production. The activity of sub-nanometer sized particles < 1nm however is not very well known, primarily because of technical challenges involved in preparation and stabilization of the clusters. To explore the properties of the Pd clusters computationally,
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We present results of a detailed study of the vibrational dynamics and thermodynamics of disordered Cu_3Au surfaces for structural configurations determined by Monte Carlo simulations at temperatures between 0.4 and 1.6 Tc (the bulk... more
We present results of a detailed study of the vibrational dynamics and thermodynamics of disordered Cu_3Au surfaces for structural configurations determined by Monte Carlo simulations at temperatures between 0.4 and 1.6 Tc (the bulk order-disorder transition temperature). Vibrational dynamics of the systems are determined using a real space Green's function method with interaction potentials from the embedded atom method. Thermodynamic functions are calculated in the harmonic approximation. We find the layer-by-layer segregation profiles of each of the three low Miller index surfaces to change in characteristic manners with increasing temperature, thereby leading to striking differences in the local vibrational density of states for each surface. Phonons for Au and Cu atoms are thus calculated for a large variety of surroundings. The role of vibrational entropy in the order-disorder transition for each surface is discussed.
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Present address: X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439. ... Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory. ... X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne... more
Present address: X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439. ... Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory. ... X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory.
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Most of the research studies nowadays are trying to bring automation to biomedical engineering and Lab on a Chip which is fast growing interdisciplinary field and has attracted researchers from various fields. The objective of this paper... more
Most of the research studies nowadays are trying to bring automation to biomedical engineering and Lab on a Chip which is fast growing interdisciplinary field and has attracted researchers from various fields. The objective of this paper is to present an overall system to control droplet movement inside microfluidic channel using fuzzy logic controller, image processing algorithm, and microvalves installed within microfluidic channel. A state space model has been derived from circuit analogy approach to describe the microfluidic network. Furthermore, a COMSOL-based study is primed for device structure by means of droplet generation and controlling the droplet through fitted valves. Moreover, an image processing algorithm based on active contours has been proposed in this research to track the movement of the droplet through the channel. This droplet controlling method is utterly based on fuzzy controller as well as camera images to move the droplet at desired position by controlling...