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Research Interests: Biology, Medicine, Pregnancy, Female, Animals, and 4 moreAmniotic Fluid, Rats, Fetus, and Biochemistry and cell biology
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Research Interests: Biochemistry, Chemistry, Medicine, Liver, Animals, and 5 moreAmmonia, Rats, Histidine, Transaminases, and In Vitro Techniques
Human alpha fetoprotein (AFP) binds bilirubin with an affinity somewhat lower than albumin. Free bilirubin was found to have an extinction maximum at 440 nm with an extinction coefficient of 4.97 x 10(4) M-1cm-1. AFP binding with the bile... more
Human alpha fetoprotein (AFP) binds bilirubin with an affinity somewhat lower than albumin. Free bilirubin was found to have an extinction maximum at 440 nm with an extinction coefficient of 4.97 x 10(4) M-1cm-1. AFP binding with the bile pigment elicits a blue shift while albumin interaction produced red spectral shift.
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In vivo and in vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the clinical application of glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma proteins in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. Glycosylated hemoglobin registered an almost 80% fall... more
In vivo and in vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the clinical application of glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma proteins in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. Glycosylated hemoglobin registered an almost 80% fall in diabetic patients following controlled glycemia for two months while glycosylated plasma protein level registered an 80% fall in the patients after fifteen days of blood glucose homeostasis. Human serum proteins were glycosylated in vitro and glycosylation was linearly proportional to the glucose concentration and incubation time. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of glycosylated serum proteins revealed that albumin and transferrin are the major proteins that are significantly glycosylated. Glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma protein levels were also increased in chronic renal failure patients without any history of diabetes.
Research Interests: Medicine, Humans, Internal Medicine, Blood Glucose, Diabetes mellitus, and 11 moreGlycoproteins, Clinical Sciences, Chronic Renal Failure, Retrospective Studies, Human Serum, Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Chronic Kidney Failure, Clinical Application, Hemoglobins, Blood Proteins, and plasma proteins
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ABSTRACT Rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase was purified 200-fold and an antiserum raised against it in rabbits. 2. Hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase activity was increased fourfold by tyrosine, twofold by tetracycline, 2.5-fold by... more
ABSTRACT Rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase was purified 200-fold and an antiserum raised against it in rabbits. 2. Hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase activity was increased fourfold by tyrosine, twofold by tetracycline, 2.5-fold by cortisone 21-acetate and ninefold by a combination of tyrosine and cortisol administered intraperitoneally to rats. 3. Radioimmunoassay with 14C-labelled tyrosine aminotransferase, in conjunction with rabbit antiserum against the enzyme, revealed that cortisol stimulates the synthesis of the enzyme de novo, but that tetracycline has no such effect. 4. Incubation of rat liver homogenates with purified tyrosine aminotransferase in vitro leads to a rapid inactivation of the enzyme, which tetracycline partially inhibits. 5. The inactivation is brought about by intact lysosomes, and the addition of 10mM-cysteine increases the rate of enzyme inactivation, which is further markedly increased by 10mM-Mg2+ and 10mM-ATP. Here again tetracycline partially inhibits the decay rate, leading to the inference that the increase of tyrosine aminotransferase activity in vivo by tetracycline is brought about by the latter inhibiting the lysosomal catheptic action.
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Monospecific anti-rat serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) IgG was coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose-4B (4.5 mg/ml packed volume of gel) to yield an immunoaffinity matrix. The immunoaffinity column was used to isolate AFP from... more
Monospecific anti-rat serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) IgG was coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose-4B (4.5 mg/ml packed volume of gel) to yield an immunoaffinity matrix. The immunoaffinity column was used to isolate AFP from feto-neonatal rat brain. The purified AFP was immunologically and electrophoretically similar to serum AFP. It yielded a single band with a molecular weight of 70,000 on sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the protein under nondenaturing conditions yielded two charge variants of AFP, reminiscent of AFP from feto-neonatal rat serum. The AFP was observed to bind estradiol with Ka = 5.8 X 10(8) M -1 and 1.3 X 10(8) M -1 by dextran-coated charcoal adsorption and Sephadex gel filtration techniques, respectively. Newborn rat brain cells linearly incorporated [14C]leucine into immunoprecipitable AFP during 6 h in culture. It is, therefore, concluded that feto-neonatal rat brain contains AFP similar ...
Research Interests: Neurochemistry, Medicine, Biological Sciences, Female, Animals, and 14 moreMale, Skin, Biochemical, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Isolation, Rats, Alpha Fetoprotein, Brain Chemistry, Neurosciences, Estradiol, Immunoaffinity Chromatography, Leucine, and Medical and Health Sciences
Hansunella polymorpha is extensively used as production strain for expressing recombinant proteins including recombinant Hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg). HBsAg is expressed in H. polymorpha and remains bounded to the membrane. Yeast... more
Hansunella polymorpha is extensively used as production strain for expressing recombinant proteins including recombinant Hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg). HBsAg is expressed in H. polymorpha and remains bounded to the membrane. Yeast cells are having very tough cell wall because of this; there is very little effect of chemicals on yeast cells for disruption. Some enzymes act on the yeast cells to break open the content, but their application is not feasible for industrial purposes. We established the cell lysis by using the mechanical disintegrater which gives more than 85% of cell lysis in one shot. This cell lysate was subjected to different types of chaotropic agents in different concentrations to selectively leach out the membrane bound HBsAg. Each chaotropic agent showed different levels of effect during extraction. The highest protein quantity was recorded with sodium chloride and least was with urea. Further, the quality of HBsAg extracted using urea was superior in compa...
Research Interests: Aging, Biology, Medicine, Glucose, Liver, and 4 moreAnimals, Rats, Galactose Binding, and Biochemistry and cell biology
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Laboratory scale development of a two site micro enzyme linked immuno assay kit is described. The kit comprises rabbit anti human alphafetoprotein (AFP), anti human AFP IgG peroxidase conjugate and standard AFP. All the above reagents... more
Laboratory scale development of a two site micro enzyme linked immuno assay kit is described. The kit comprises rabbit anti human alphafetoprotein (AFP), anti human AFP IgG peroxidase conjugate and standard AFP. All the above reagents were prepared in the laboratory. The kit is eminently suitable for early screening of blood sample of pregnant women for neural tube defects of their fetuses and for the quantitation of AFP as a tumor marker. The assay kit was used to determine AFP in 76 sera from women at different stages of pregnancy. During 1st trimester AFP level was 18 to 119 ng/ml, during 2nd trimester the concentration varied from 85 to 302 ng/ml and during 3rd from 103 to 580 ng/ml. No evidence for maternal antibody to AFP was found. The above data agree with AFP level in pregnant women reported by earlier workers, using RIA or ELISA. The present ELISA kit would hopefully be much cheaper than internationally available ELISA kits for human AFP.
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Research Interests: Bacteriology, Kinetics, Biological Chemistry, Manganese, Biological Sciences, and 15 moreMagnesium, Glucagon, Liver, Mycotoxins, cyclic AMP, Animals, Male, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Amino Acids, Cell nucleus, Electrophoresis, Adenosine Triphosphate, Enzyme Induction, Leucine, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Cognitive Science, Biology, Medicine, Brain, Pregnancy, and 5 moreHumans, Female, Gestational Age, Neurosciences, and Estradiol
Monospecific anti-[rat alpha-foetoprotein(alpha-FP)] immunoglobulin G was coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose-4B (4.5 mg/ml packed volume of gel) to yield an adsorbent. The immunoaffinity column was used to isolate alpha-FP from... more
Monospecific anti-[rat alpha-foetoprotein(alpha-FP)] immunoglobulin G was coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose-4B (4.5 mg/ml packed volume of gel) to yield an adsorbent. The immunoaffinity column was used to isolate alpha-FP from neonatal-rat skin. Purified skin alpha-FP was found to be immunologically and electrophoretically similar to serum alpha-FP. It yielded a single band with mol.wt. 68000 on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. However, on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis under non-denaturing conditions, the alpha-FP displayed slow- and fast-moving variants similar to those observed in serum alpha-FP. A Scatchard plot of oestradiol binding to the alpha-FP yielded an association constant of 2.5 × 10(9)M-1 by dextran-coated-charcoal and 0.75 × 10(8)M-1 by Sephadex-gel-filtration procedures respectively. Skin explants from newborn rats were found to incorporate [14C]leucine into immunoprecipitable intracellular alpha-FP. Cycloheximide inhibited the synthe...
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Research Interests: Brain, Kidney, Liver, Female, Animals, and 9 moreMale, Skin, Lung, Ammonia, Rats, Myocardium, Sex Factors, Histidine, and Transaminases
Induction of rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase by l-tyrosine and tryptophan oxygenase by l-tryptophan was studied in groups of rats fed on diets containing 18 or 5% protein. The basal activity of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase of... more
Induction of rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase by l-tyrosine and tryptophan oxygenase by l-tryptophan was studied in groups of rats fed on diets containing 18 or 5% protein. The basal activity of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase of rats receiving 5% protein gradually increased with the age of the animals but that of rats receiving 18% protein did not. l-Tyrosine induced hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase in rats receiving 18% protein when tested at ages from 4 to 20 weeks. When induction by l-tyrosine was carried out in rats receiving the 5% protein diet, significant induction of tyrosine aminotransferase occurred only in 4- or 6-week-old rats. Induction by l-tryptophan of tryptophan oxygenase in liver or the basal activity of this enzyme in liver did not differ between the groups fed on 5 and 18% protein. On changing the diet from 0 to 18% protein, the above-mentioned effects on the induction of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase were reversed.
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Page F586: M. K. Sahib, J. H. Schwartz, and J. S. Handler. “Inhibition of toad urinary bladder sodium transport by carbamylcholine: possible role of cyclic GMP.” In Table 3 (page F589) the values 11.9 ± 0.6 for cAMP and 0.28 ± 0.02 for... more
Page F586: M. K. Sahib, J. H. Schwartz, and J. S. Handler. “Inhibition of toad urinary bladder sodium transport by carbamylcholine: possible role of cyclic GMP.” In Table 3 (page F589) the values 11.9 ± 0.6 for cAMP and 0.28 ± 0.02 for cGMP should be opposite 10 mU/ml AVP plus 100 μM carbamylcholine. Braces have been added to the table to define the paired experiments. The corrected table follows. (See PDF)
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Hyperglycemia was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by alloxan and maintained for 2, 6 and 10 weeks without insulin treatment. Levels of glycosylated plasma proteins, hemoglobin and glycosylated tissue proteins of aorta, heart, kidney, liver... more
Hyperglycemia was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by alloxan and maintained for 2, 6 and 10 weeks without insulin treatment. Levels of glycosylated plasma proteins, hemoglobin and glycosylated tissue proteins of aorta, heart, kidney, liver and brain were estimated at these intervals. Protein glycosylation was observed to increase linearly as a function of period of hyperglycemia in all the tissues studied, except brain, in the following order: aorta > heart > kidney > liver. Protein glycosylation, leading to formation of covalently modified advanced glycosylated products and protein-protein adducts, may reflect disposition of these tissues to diabetic complications.
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Uteroglobin binds progesterone with high affinity. A few substituted diphenyl ketones were observed to inhibit uteroglobin-progesterone binding in a dose-dependent manner. 4,4'-Dimethoxy-2-hydroxy benzophenone had relatively higher... more
Uteroglobin binds progesterone with high affinity. A few substituted diphenyl ketones were observed to inhibit uteroglobin-progesterone binding in a dose-dependent manner. 4,4'-Dimethoxy-2-hydroxy benzophenone had relatively higher affinity for uteroglobin. The structure-activity relationship amongst the substituted diphenyl ketones indicated considerable sensitivity towards minor structural modifications. These observations offer a tool to investigate nonsteroidal compounds in relation to progesterone related functions of uteroglobin in pregnancy.
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Research Interests: Aging, Pregnancy, Liver, Female, Animals, and 4 moreGenes, Rats, Biochemistry and cell biology, and Serum albumin
Oestrophilic alpha-foetoprotein (alpha FP) is found in high concentrations in developing rat skin cytosol. Elevated levels of alpha FP observed in foetal-rat skin decreased during development, and the protein became undetectable after 3... more
Oestrophilic alpha-foetoprotein (alpha FP) is found in high concentrations in developing rat skin cytosol. Elevated levels of alpha FP observed in foetal-rat skin decreased during development, and the protein became undetectable after 3 weeks of postnatal life. The developmental profile of alpha FP in skin is different from that in foetal blood. alpha FP in skin arises as a result of its synthesis in situ in the epidermal cells. Synthesis of alpha FP in skin is demonstrated by linear incorporation of [14C]leucine into immunoprecipitable, intracellular alpha FP by skin explants during 6 h in culture. Secretion is demonstrated by incorporation into alpha FP in culture medium. The rate of alpha FP synthesis in skin also declined with age and its synthesis is completely switched off 2 weeks after birth. The skin alpha FP level during development is regulated by controlling the rate of its synthesis in skin. alpha FP synthesized and secreted by skin is immunologically, electrophoreticall...
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Administration of pyridoxine stabilizes rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase in vivo, whereas administration of cortisol, cyclic AMP, glucagon, insulin, tryptophan or tyrosine does not. The results of these and other experiments with... more
Administration of pyridoxine stabilizes rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase in vivo, whereas administration of cortisol, cyclic AMP, glucagon, insulin, tryptophan or tyrosine does not. The results of these and other experiments with pyridoxine are discussed in relation to the mechanisms of action of this vitamin on the activity of the enzyme.
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Proteins from the cell-free lysates of the wild-type strain KB207 of Vibrio cholerae El Tor and the isogenic non-adhesive mutant CD11 were analysed by native and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A protein of 33 kDa present... more
Proteins from the cell-free lysates of the wild-type strain KB207 of Vibrio cholerae El Tor and the isogenic non-adhesive mutant CD11 were analysed by native and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A protein of 33 kDa present in KB207 was absent from CD11. Antiserum to the surface antigens of KB207 was absorbed with CD11. Antibodies remaining in the serum after absorption reacted to KB207 but not to CD11 as judged by slide agglutination, double gel diffusion and dot blot ELISA. Antibodies in the absorbed serum inhibited adherence of KB207 to rabbit intestinal mucosa and colonization in an infant mice model. The 33 kDa protein was isolated from KB207 by immunoaffinity chromatography. Antibodies present in the absorbed serum were used as ligand. The 33 kDa antigen was immunogenic and conferred protection in the rabbit ileal loop model. Combined administration of 33 kDa protein and B-subunit of cholera toxin offered full protection.
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ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select... more
ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Epithelial cells from the toad urinary bladder have been grown in continuous culture. Many of the cells resemble the granular cell type of the urinary bladder. They form an epithelium with typical tight junctions and gap junctions. The... more
Epithelial cells from the toad urinary bladder have been grown in continuous culture. Many of the cells resemble the granular cell type of the urinary bladder. They form an epithelium with typical tight junctions and gap junctions. The transport properties of two cell lines have been examined. When cells of the line designated TB-M or of line TB-6c are grown on collagen-coated nucleopore filters, epithelia are formed that have transepithelial potential differences of 40 and 20 mV, resistances of 5000 and 10,000 omega-cm2, and short-circuit currents (ISC) of 8.5 and 2.5 muA/cm2, respectively. Net mucosa to serosa sodium transport accounts for all of ISC in line TB-M and for 70% of ISC in line TB-6c. Vasopressin, which stimulates adenylate cylase and ISC in the intact bladder, has no effect on the cells in culture. Cyclic AMP stimulates ISC and lowers resistance in both lines. Aldosterone stimulates ISC in both lines. This is accompanied by a fall in resistance in line TB-M and no change in resistance in line TB-6c. Amiloride inhibits ISC in TB-M cells under basal conditions and after stimulation by aldosterone. In line TB-6c amiloride has no effect under basal conditions but lowers ISC of aldosterone-treated cells to the basal level. Thus, the cells have retained the ability to form oriented, high-resistance epithelial membranes that manifest hormone-sensitive transepithelial sodium transport.