Sophie Croisy

This article deals with the ways in which European eugenic theories of the turn of the 20th century influenced 20th-century national policies and politics of discrimination and assimilation toward indigenous minorities in Australia and the U.S., two countries which have explicitly promoted, up until the 1970s, the assimilation of their indigenous populations. Following an analysis of the evolution of the eugenicist features of each country's indigenous policies and practices as well as an analysis of their characteristics and scope, the article concludes with a summary of the differences and similarities between the Australian and U.S. projects of control and colonization of indigenous bodies to then briefly discuss the influence of such projects and the eugenicist stereotypes that have sustained them - despite indigenous struggles for cultural recognition and self-determination in the second half of the 20th century - on contemporary genetic research involving indigenous popula...

La littérature qui traite du lien entre mondialisation et peuples minorisés dans une perspective de valorisation de l'expérience minoritaire est encore peu développée. Deux textes principaux, publiés dans les années 2000, traitent de ce lien dialogique entre problématiques de mondialisation et problématiques ethniques. Le premier texte, The New Imperial Order: Indigenous Responses to Globalization, écrit par le professeur Makere Stewart-Harawira et publié en 2005, examine et critique les onto..

Ce colloque international propose de réfléchir aux caractéristiques et à la complexité des relations contemporaines entre les pays/régions d'Amérique du Nord et d' Océanie, de même qu'à la manière, dans une optique comparatiste, dont les nations et territoires de ces deux aires culturelles et politiques abordent certaines problématiques, à portée régionale et/ou globale, communes aux deux espaces. Le terme « Amérique du Nord » fera référence, dans le contexte de ce colloque, aux États-Unis, a..

Les dix textes publiés dans ce volume sur « les supports filmiques au service de l’enseignement des langues étrangères » traitent de films de cinéma, de séries télévisées, de documentaires, de courts métrages d’animation et de vidéos disponibles sur la toile. Quel que soit le support ou l’angle d’approche, ces différents médias visuels facilitent la construction des apprentissages linguistiques et culturels car ils captent l’attention et stimulent l’imagination. Surtout, ils offrent aux didacticiens des langues une matière propice à l’élaboration de tâches variées et au travail de toutes les compétences linguistiques. Certains supports filmiques s’adressent à un public spécifique, d’autres permettent une transversalité disciplinaire. Cependant, pour tirer le meilleur profit de ces supports, il faut les intégrer pleinement au projet éducatif. Comme le souligne l’un des auteurs de ce volume, il est temps de faire entrer l’éducation au cinéma dans la formation des enseignants

Descriptif du site des presses universitaires de Bordeaux: Elohi – Peuples indigenes et environnement est une revue semestrielle dont l’objet d’etude est le rapport particulier que les peuples indigenes, de par la planete, entretiennent avec leur environnement, et les representations qu’ils s’en font. Afin d’apprehender cet objet dans sa globalite, Elohi se place resolument dans une perspective internationale et pluridisciplinaire, et accueille des contributions en francais, en anglais et en ...

Revision with unchanged content. This book deals with an area of scholarship attracting interdisciplinary interest: the field of trauma studies. It is a project that focuses both on the psychodynamics of trauma and its political and historical contexts. It draws from and reformulates psychoanalytical theory but refuses an easy “therapeutic” approach to pain and suffering and an easy claim to collective (especially national) suffering as in the wake of 9/11. Taking a long historical view but focusing particularly on contemporary experiences of trauma, the author seeks to expose the metropolitanism of contemporary trauma theory and to reverse or at least challenge that trend by looking at the ways in which poscolonial, non-metropolitan literatures about trauma can question Euro-centered trauma theories and practices that are often presented as universal. These critical literatures come from Native America, Algeria, and the Caribbean. This book is addressed to thinkers and writers in a...

This paper shows that Michelle Cliff's work puts Western trauma theory through the work of creolization. It critiques the inadequacy of trauma theory qua colonial theory in the process of understanding a historical trauma that centers around racial (and partially gender) difference. To do so, we look at Cliff's Abeng and No Telephone to Heaven in order to question certain givens in the field of trauma studies, reconceptualize the problematic theories of this Eurocentric frame of thinking, and promote the revision of the field's intentions in order to become productive in the postcolonial context. The paper also shows that Cliff takes her readers and characters through the difficult work of re-membering Caribbean history, a history erased by colonial fables. The dissemination of historical truths and positive images of prominent black characters which were, in the past, imposing figures of resistance, helps the readers and characters to reflect upon the damage done to the...

In her novel Almanac of the Dead, indigenous writer Leslie Marmon Silko implements transcultural strategies to assess the transnationality and transhistoricity of culture and politics in North America. Her project tears down barriers between cultural groups within and beyond the national borders of the U.S. and Mexico, and prophesizes the rise of internationalism as an essential political tool to rightfully question the value and lawfulness of the afore-mentioned nation states which are presented in the novel as the main protagonists in the physical, cultural and economic demise of their cultural communities (both indigenous and non-indigenous).

Barbara Kingsolver is a Southern writer. Born and raised in Kentucky, her heritage is Southern but her life experience brings a larger, more global dimension to her work. She is from the South, from ‘down there,’ and she has also been ‘out there’, spending many years abroad working various jobs and getting an outsider look at the inside of Southern culture. This cumulation of heritage and knowledge has given birth to texts that explore the intersection between different life stories, different cultural narratives each considered quite local or regional, but which in fact, when confronted or even simply adjoined, allow for cultural exchanges that transcend preconceptions of Southern violence, bigotry or decay. In The Poisonwood Bible, characters are invested in relationships and events the unravelling of which is informed by Southern culture and history and deformed by the influence of the foreign, Africa itself. The history of the American South qua traumatic history is rooted in the genealogy of Kingsolver’s characters whose personal anxieties are explained through and exacerbated by their regional culture. In this text, however, these characters will get exposed to otherness and difference while living in a Congolese community, and the characteristics of that exposure as well as the ways in which characters respond to it are the main aspects of this essay. If some fail to question the obscure, threatening side of their original heritage to remain trapped in a history of religious fanaticism and violence, others will grow through intercultural exchanges. This growth will be marked by their slowly defining a new sense of self (both cultural and individual), a new way of being in the South and in the world at large, informed by a conscious critique of their cultural and personal deficiencies in their relationship to the outside world.