Research Interests:
Research Interests: Psychology and Agent
In the field of human detection using acoustic arrays, the design of beamforming and detection algorithms is of vital importance. Evidently, the acoustic echo is directly dependent on the ergonomic characteristics of the people, as well... more
In the field of human detection using acoustic arrays, the design of beamforming and detection algorithms is of vital importance. Evidently, the acoustic echo is directly dependent on the ergonomic characteristics of the people, as well as on the clothes they are wearing. Traditional techniques use a large set of people to characterize the system and evaluate the detection and false alarm probabilities. This work proposes a different approach, where a reduced set of people is selected and a cluster of points with their ergonomic data is obtained by means of a 2D LIDAR. From this data and using a classical reflection model, the signals that would be received in an acoustic array are calculated and, using conformation techniques, the 3D acoustic image is obtained. The work compares these synthesized acoustic images with real acoustic ones.
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In biometrics, classification techniques are based on parameter extraction from a large data set, such as fingerprints. Specifically, when using 3D acoustic images, it is necessary to extract a set of meaningful parameters. This work... more
In biometrics, classification techniques are based on parameter extraction from a large data set, such as fingerprints. Specifically, when using 3D acoustic images, it is necessary to extract a set of meaningful parameters. This work assumes that each significant target will have an acoustic image characterized by the 2D radiation pattern of the array and the envelope of the transmission pulse used. Under this assumption the final acoustic image can be synthesized by a linear combination of the significant targets in the scene. The work uses a non-linear optimization algorithm that obtains the parameters (power, range, elevation and azimuth) for each of the significant targets from a 3D acoustic image. Specifically, the algorithm is applied to the parameterization of 3D images of people, as a prior step to the use of classification algorithms based on machine learning.
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There are very complex communication systems, as the multifunction radar, MFAR (Multi-Function Array Radar), where functions are integrated all together, and simultaneously are performed the classic functions of tracking and surveillance,... more
There are very complex communication systems, as the multifunction radar, MFAR (Multi-Function Array Radar), where functions are integrated all together, and simultaneously are performed the classic functions of tracking and surveillance, as all the functions related to the communication, countermeasures, and calibration. All these functions are divided into the tasks to execute. The task scheduler is a key element of the radar, since it does the planning and distribution of energy and time resources to be shared and used by all tasks. This paper presents schedulers based on the use of multiple queue. Several schedulers have been designed and studied, and it has been made a comparative analysis of different performed schedulers. The tests and experiments have been done by means of system software simulation. Finally a suitable set of radar characteristics has been selected to evaluate the behavior of the task scheduler working.
Research Interests:
sensors
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A methodology to detect if a fan matrix is working properly has been designed and is presented in this paper. This methodology is based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier that uses geometrical parameters of the acoustic images... more
A methodology to detect if a fan matrix is working properly has been designed and is presented in this paper. This methodology is based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier that uses geometrical parameters of the acoustic images of the fan matrix. These acoustic images have been obtained using a 16 × 16 planar array of MEMS microphones working at different frequencies. A fan matrix that is not working properly implies that some of its fans have failed, that is, it does not work. The designed fault detection methodology supposes that these fans fail one by one. If one of the fans is not working, this fact can be detected rapidly with the purposed methodology, and the fan can be repaired or replaced by a new one. Although it is really unusual that more than one fan fails at the same time, this paper also studies how this methodology works if the number of faulty fans increases, in order to know if the methodology is robust enough in the presence of unexpected situations.
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Research Interests:
During the last decades, vibration analysis has been used to evaluate condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of complex mechanical systems. The problem associated with these analysis methods is that the employed sensors must be in... more
During the last decades, vibration analysis has been used to evaluate condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of complex mechanical systems. The problem associated with these analysis methods is that the employed sensors must be in contact with the vibrant surfaces. To avoid this problem, the current trend is the analysis of the noise, or the acoustic signals, which are directly related with the vibrations, to evaluate condition monitoring and/or fault diagnosis of mechanical systems. Both, acoustic and vibration signals, obtained from a system can reveal information related with its operation conditions. Using arrays formed by digital MEMS microphones, which employ acquisition/processing systems based on FPGA, allows creating systems with a high number of sensors paying a reduced cost. This work studies the feasibility of the use of acoustic images, obtained by an array with 64 MEMS microphones (8x8) in a hemianechoic chamber, to detect, characterize and, eventually, identify fail...
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One of the most popular options in the Structural Health Monitoring field is the tracking of the modal parameters, which are estimated through the frequency response functions of the structure, usually in the form of accelerances, which... more
One of the most popular options in the Structural Health Monitoring field is the tracking of the modal parameters, which are estimated through the frequency response functions of the structure, usually in the form of accelerances, which are computed as the ratio between the measured accelerations and the applied forces. This requires the use of devices capable of synchronously recording accelerations at several points of the structure at high sampling rates and the subsequent computational analysis using the recorded data. To this end, this work presents and validates a new scalable acquisition system based on multiple myRIO devices and digital MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) accelerometers, intended for modal analysis of large structures. A simple form of this system was presented by the authors in a previous work, showing that a single board with some accelerometers connected to it got to obtain high quality measurements in both time and frequency domains. Now, a larger sys...
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Pedestrian detection by a car is typically performed using camera, LIDAR, or RADAR-based systems. The first two systems, based on the propagation of light, do not work in foggy or poor visibility environments, and the latter are expensive... more
Pedestrian detection by a car is typically performed using camera, LIDAR, or RADAR-based systems. The first two systems, based on the propagation of light, do not work in foggy or poor visibility environments, and the latter are expensive and the probability associated with their ability to detect people is low. It is necessary to develop systems that are not based on light propagation, with reduced cost and with a high detection probability for pedestrians. This work presents a new sensor that satisfies these three requirements. An active sound system, with a sensor based on a 2D array of MEMS microphones, working in the 14 kHz to 21 kHz band, has been developed. The architecture of the system is based on an FPGA and a multicore processor that allow the system to operate in real time. The algorithms developed are based on a beamformer, range and lane filters, and a CFAR (Constant False Alarm Rate) detector. In this work, tests have been carried out with different people and in diff...
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This paper presents the design, development and testing of a low-cost Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system based on MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) triaxial accelerometers. A new control system composed by a myRIO platform,... more
This paper presents the design, development and testing of a low-cost Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system based on MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) triaxial accelerometers. A new control system composed by a myRIO platform, managed by specific LabVIEW software, has been developed. The LabVIEW software also computes the frequency response functions for the subsequent modal analysis. The proposed SHM system was validated by comparing the data measured by this set-up with a conventional SHM system based on piezoelectric accelerometers. After carrying out some validation tests, a high correlation can be appreciated in the behavior of both systems, being possible to conclude that the proposed system is sufficiently accurate and sensitive for operative purposes, apart from being significantly more affordable than the traditional one.
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This paper presents the comparison of three methodologies to detect if some fans in a matrix are not working properly. These methodologies are based on detecting fan failures by analysing acoustic images of the fan matrix, obtained using... more
This paper presents the comparison of three methodologies to detect if some fans in a matrix are not working properly. These methodologies are based on detecting fan failures by analysing acoustic images of the fan matrix, obtained using a planar array of MEMS microphones. Geometrical parameters of these acoustic images for different frequencies are then used to train a support vector machine (SVM) classifier, in order to detect the fan failures. One of the methodologies is based on the detection of the faulty fan in the matrix, under the hypothesis that only one fan can fail. Other methodology is based on the detection of the specific working situation of the matrix. And finally, the third methodology that is compared is based on determining individually if each of the fans of the matrix is working properly or not. The comparison shows that this third methodology is the most reliable.
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Detecting and finding people are complex tasks when visibility is reduced. This happens, for example, if a fire occurs. In these situations, heat sources and large amounts of smoke are generated. Under these circumstances, locating... more
Detecting and finding people are complex tasks when visibility is reduced. This happens, for example, if a fire occurs. In these situations, heat sources and large amounts of smoke are generated. Under these circumstances, locating survivors using thermal or conventional cameras is not possible and it is necessary to use alternative techniques. The challenge of this work was to analyze if it is feasible the integration of an acoustic camera, developed at the University of Valladolid, on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to locate, by sound, people who are calling for help, in enclosed environments with reduced visibility. The acoustic array, based on MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) microphones, locates acoustic sources in space, and the UAV navigates autonomously by closed enclosures. This paper presents the first experimental results locating the angles of arrival of multiple sound sources, including the cries for help of a person, in an enclosed environment. The results are ...
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This paper proposes the use of a signal acquisition and processing system based on an8×8planar array of MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems) microphones to obtain acoustic images of a fan matrix. A3×3matrix of PC fans has been... more
This paper proposes the use of a signal acquisition and processing system based on an8×8planar array of MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems) microphones to obtain acoustic images of a fan matrix. A3×3matrix of PC fans has been implemented to perform the study. Some tests to obtain the acoustic images of the individual fans and of the whole matrix have been defined and have been carried out inside an anechoic chamber. The nonstationary signals received by each MEMS microphone and their corresponding spectra have been analyzed, as well as the corresponding acoustic images. The analysis of the acoustic signals spectra reveals the resonance frequency of the individual fans. The obtained results reveal the feasibility of the proposed system to obtained acoustic images of a fan matrix and of its individual fans, in this last case, in order to estimate the real position of the fan inside the matrix.
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Using arrays with digital MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) microphones and FPGA-based (Field Programmable Gate Array) acquisition/processing systems allows building systems with hundreds of sensors at a reduced cost. The problem... more
Using arrays with digital MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) microphones and FPGA-based (Field Programmable Gate Array) acquisition/processing systems allows building systems with hundreds of sensors at a reduced cost. The problem arises when systems with thousands of sensors are needed. This work analyzes the implementation and performance of a virtual array with 6400 (80 × 80) MEMS microphones. This virtual array is implemented by changing the position of a physical array of 64 (8 × 8) microphones in a grid with 10 × 10 positions, using a 2D positioning system. This virtual array obtains an array spatial aperture of 1 × 1 m². Based on the SODAR (SOund Detection And Ranging) principle, the measured beampattern and the focusing capacity of the virtual array have been analyzed, since beamforming algorithms assume to be working with spherical waves, due to the large dimensions of the array in comparison with the distance between the target (a mannequin) and the array. Finally, the...
Research Interests:
During the last decades, vibration analysis has been used to evaluate condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of complex mechanical systems. The problem associated with these analysis methods is that the employed sensors must be in... more
During the last decades, vibration analysis has been used to evaluate condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of complex mechanical systems. The problem associated with these analysis methods is that the employed sensors must be in contact with the vibrant surfaces. To avoid this problem, the current trend is the analysis of the noise, or the acoustic signals, which are directly related with the vibrations, to evaluate condition monitoring and/or fault diagnosis of mechanical systems. Both, acoustic and vibration signals, obtained from a system can reveal information related with its operation conditions. Using arrays formed by digital MEMS microphones, which employ acquisition/processing systems based on FPGA, allows creating systems with a high number of sensors paying a reduced cost. This work studies the feasibility of the use of acoustic images, obtained by an array with 64 MEMS microphones (8x8) in a hemianechoic chamber, to detect, characterize, and, eventually, identify fai...
Research Interests:
Using arrays with digital MEMS microphones and FPGA-based acquisition/processing systems allows to build systems with hundreds of sensors at a reduced cost. This work analyzes the performance of a virtual array with 6400 MEMS (80 × 80)... more
Using arrays with digital MEMS microphones and FPGA-based acquisition/processing systems allows to build systems with hundreds of sensors at a reduced cost. This work analyzes the performance of a virtual array with 6400 MEMS (80 × 80) microphones. The system is composed by a 2D positioning system that places a physical array of 64 microphones (8 × 8) in a grid with 8 x 8 positions, obtaining a spatial aperture of 2 x 2 meters. The measured beampattern is compared with the theoretical one for several frequencies and pointing angles. The beampattern of the physical array is also estimated for each one of the 64 positions used by the positioning system. Also, the measured beampattern and the focusing capacity are analyzed, since beamforming algorithms assume spherical wave due to the large dimensions of the array. Finally, frequency and spatial responses for a set of different acoustic sources are obtained showing angular resolutions of the order of tenths of degree.
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This paper proposes a scalable and multi-platform framework for signal acquisition and processing, which allows for the generation of acoustic images using planar arrays of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) microphones with low... more
This paper proposes a scalable and multi-platform framework for signal acquisition and processing, which allows for the generation of acoustic images using planar arrays of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) microphones with low development and deployment costs. Acoustic characterization of MEMS sensors was performed, and the beam pattern of a module, based on an 8 × 8 planar array and of several clusters of modules, was obtained. A flexible framework, formed by an FPGA, an embedded processor, a computer desktop, and a graphic processing unit, was defined. The processing times of the algorithms used to obtain the acoustic images, including signal processing and wideband beamforming via FFT, were evaluated in each subsystem of the framework. Based on this analysis, three frameworks are proposed, defined by the specific subsystems used and the algorithms shared. Finally, a set of acoustic images obtained from sound reflected from a person are presented as a case study in the fiel...
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In this contribution, a voice spreading system has been analyzed. This system has been developed on PC platform with Windows 3.1. Multimedia ToolBook framework has been employed for user interface implementation. The paper establish a... more
In this contribution, a voice spreading system has been analyzed. This system has been developed on PC platform with Windows 3.1. Multimedia ToolBook framework has been employed for user interface implementation. The paper establish a methodology for intercommunicate: i) the sound card, ii) tcp/ip libraries and iii) ToolBook Author Language system.
An implementation of a distance-measuring real time system by using the fixed-point digital signal processor TMS320C26 with a friendly user's interface for Windows is presented in this paper. First, the main system characteristics are... more
An implementation of a distance-measuring real time system by using the fixed-point digital signal processor TMS320C26 with a friendly user's interface for Windows is presented in this paper. First, the main system characteristics are going to be explained, mainly the flow diagram the DSP is to be running continuously and which can be reflected on as the most important part of the system because here is where the signal processing is been carried out. Also a typical application window is displayed and from this the system performance is analyzed.
A description of a platform for practical developing of experimental video and image coding and compression systems is presented in this paper. In the first instance the last techniques and standards on video and image coding and... more
A description of a platform for practical developing of experimental video and image coding and compression systems is presented in this paper. In the first instance the last techniques and standards on video and image coding and compression are analyzed and must be the ones the final application will be concerned with. Later on, what hardware is on the market must be found out before choosing the system requirements. As the programming an debugging environment will be in which the system designer would be interested in, developing software and related libraries for Windows programming are described. Finally a general description of the whole system is explained.
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Abstract. This paper shows how virtualization techniques can be introduced into the grid computing infrastructure to provide a transparent and homogeneous scientific computing environment. Today's trends in grid computing propose a... more
Abstract. This paper shows how virtualization techniques can be introduced into the grid computing infrastructure to provide a transparent and homogeneous scientific computing environment. Today's trends in grid computing propose a shared model where different organizations make use ...
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... María I. Jiménez, Alberto Izquierdo, Juan J. Villacorta and Lara del Val, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain Mariano Raboso, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Abstract ... [3] Sabatini, S., M. Tarantino,... more
... María I. Jiménez, Alberto Izquierdo, Juan J. Villacorta and Lara del Val, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain Mariano Raboso, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Abstract ... [3] Sabatini, S., M. Tarantino, 1994, Multifunction array radar: System design and ...
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... Besides to this identification functionality, each RFID reader controls the operation of the electroniclock of the door, allowing or not the ... Its pulsa-tion indicates that an emergency has occurred. Page 5. Security System... more
... Besides to this identification functionality, each RFID reader controls the operation of the electroniclock of the door, allowing or not the ... Its pulsa-tion indicates that an emergency has occurred. Page 5. Security System Technologies Applied to Ambient Assisted Living 393 ...
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ABSTRACT An acoustic electronic scanning array is developed to acquire acoustic images from a person. On the basis of pulse-echo techniques, multifrequency acoustic images are obtained for a set of positions of a person (front, front with... more
ABSTRACT An acoustic electronic scanning array is developed to acquire acoustic images from a person. On the basis of pulse-echo techniques, multifrequency acoustic images are obtained for a set of positions of a person (front, front with arms outstretched, back and side). Two uniform linear arrays with 15 l/2-equispaced sensors have been employed, using different spatial apertures in order to reduce sidelobe levels. Work frequencies have been designed on the basis of the main lobe width, the grating lobe levels and the frequency responses of people and of sensors. Finally, for a case of study with 6 people, the acoustic profiles, formed by all images acquired, are evaluated and compared in a mean square error sense. According to the obtained results, this system will be able to be used for biometric applications.
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In this paper we present a complete classification system that uses information obtained from several media devices. The definition of tasks and events managed by the core module allows that the system can be adapted, changing the how the... more
In this paper we present a complete classification system that uses information obtained from several media devices. The definition of tasks and events managed by the core module allows that the system can be adapted, changing the how the system works or adding new modules. The use of a classification module allows the human supervision contributing with greater reliability.
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... Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 7, 1995 [ 131 Javier Durfin de Jesus. ... Radar Systems" McGraw-Hill 1992 [ 161 Bogler PL "Radar principles with Applications to Tracking Systems" John Wiley and Sons... more
... Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 7, 1995 [ 131 Javier Durfin de Jesus. ... Radar Systems" McGraw-Hill 1992 [ 161 Bogler PL "Radar principles with Applications to Tracking Systems" John Wiley and Sons 1989 [17] Di Franco JV Rubin WL "Radar Detection" ...
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On the basis of an acoustic biometric system that captures 16 acoustic images of a person for 4 frequencies and 4 positions, a study was carried out to improve the performance of the system. On a first stage, an analysis to determine... more
On the basis of an acoustic biometric system that captures 16 acoustic images of a person for 4 frequencies and 4 positions, a study was carried out to improve the performance of the system. On a first stage, an analysis to determine which images provide more information to the system was carried out showing that a set of 12 images allows the system to obtain results that are equivalent to using all of the 16 images. Finally, optimization techniques were used to obtain the set of weights associated with each acoustic image that maximizes the performance of the biometric system. These results improve significantly the performance of the preliminary system, while reducing the time of acquisition and computational burden, since the number of acoustic images was reduced.
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Due to the widespread use of sensor arrays, a great variety of design techniques have been developed, adjusting the excitation of the sensors and/or their positions. It has been observed that most of these techniques work under the... more
Due to the widespread use of sensor arrays, a great variety of design techniques have been developed, adjusting the excitation of the sensors and/or their positions. It has been observed that most of these techniques work under the assumption of invariance in the beampattern, in the sen (thetas) domain, of arrays formed by omnidirectional sensors. Therefore these design techniques are
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ABSTRACT A simple “ad hoc” method that allows the calibration of both sensor arrays, in transmission and in reception, for narrow-band acoustic radar systems using beamforming techniques is presented in this paper. This system uses low... more
ABSTRACT A simple “ad hoc” method that allows the calibration of both sensor arrays, in transmission and in reception, for narrow-band acoustic radar systems using beamforming techniques is presented in this paper. This system uses low cost sensors and amplifiers, and for them there are not calibration data of phase and gain characteristics. Using a reference sensor system, auto-calibration procedures for a transmission array and for a reception array have been implemented. Finally, the proposed methodology has been tested on a real system, based on a uniform linear array with 15 lambda/2-equispaced sensors. The degradation that is introduced on beampatterns with and without compensation for several steering angles has been analysed. This methodology can be extrapolated to 2D arrays.
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This contribution presents a distance learning model based on the traditional educational model that joins synchronous and asynchronous communication components. We also analyze the integration of the proposed model to teach a subject... more
This contribution presents a distance learning model based on the traditional educational model that joins synchronous and asynchronous communication components. We also analyze the integration of the proposed model to teach a subject whose educational methodology is based on the resolution of practical exercises in a laboratory. This adaptation process is divided in two phases and in this paper we explain the tele-education tools used in both phases and how to take advantage of the specific characteristics of each tool to improve the learning. Finally, the results obtained during first implantation stage are exposed and we show the changes that will take place in order to reach the second phase.
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Research Interests: Engineering, Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence, Acoustics, Analytical Chemistry, and 15 moreBiometrics, Biometry, Medicine, Beamforming, Sensors, Humans, Calibration, Female, Animals, Male, Three Dimensional Imaging, ROC Curve, Acoustic imaging, Amplifiers (Electronic), and Electrical And Electronic Engineering
Research Interests: Engineering, Computer Science, Algorithms, Acoustics, Analytical Chemistry, and 15 moreMedicine, Sensors, Independent Living, Humans, Nursing Homes, Data Fusion, Adaptability, Sensor Network, Assisted living facilities, Ambulatory BP monitoring, Assisted Living, Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Video Recording, Homes for the Aged, and Accidental falls
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Authors' Currcnt Addrcsscs: JD dcJurus,JJ, Villacorh and AI. Fucirtc, Grirpo (IC Tccnoluginr Multimctlia, DepartRmcnio'l'L'c?oFia dc la Scilal y Comtinic;icioncs c hgcnicrin TdcniAlic;i, E.1:SI de Tclccumunicacinn,... more
Authors' Currcnt Addrcsscs: JD dcJurus,JJ, Villacorh and AI. Fucirtc, Grirpo (IC Tccnoluginr Multimctlia, DepartRmcnio'l'L'c?oFia dc la Scilal y Comtinic;icioncs c hgcnicrin TdcniAlic;i, E.1:SI de Tclccumunicacinn, Uuivcrsidad dc Vnlladolid, Carrctcre tld cfiii~ntcrio, s/n, ...